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Ten-year association of coronary artery calcium with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) events: the multi-ethnic study of atherosclerosis (MESA)
ConclusionsCoronary artery calcium is associated strongly and in a graded fashion with 10-year risk of incident ASCVD as it is for CHD, independent of standard risk factors, and similarly by age, gender, and ethnicity. While 10-year event rates in those with CAC  = 0 were almost exclusively below 5%, those with CAC ≥ 100 were consistently above 7.5%, making these potentially valuable cutpoints for the consideration of preventive therapies. Coronary artery calcium strongly predicts risk with the same magnitude of effect in all races, age groups, an d both sexes, which makes it among the most useful markers for predicting ASCVD risk.
Source: European Heart Journal - April 23, 2018 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Long working hours as a risk factor for atrial fibrillation: a multi-cohort study
ConclusionIndividuals who worked long hours were more likely to develop atrial fibrillation than those working standard hours.
Source: European Heart Journal - July 13, 2017 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Visit-to-visit variability of blood pressure and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with stable coronary heart disease. Insights from the STABILITY trial
ConclusionIn patients with stable coronary heart disease, higher visit-to-visit variabilities of both systolic and diastolic BP are strong predictors of increased risk of cardiovascular events, independently of mean BP.
Source: European Heart Journal - May 27, 2017 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Atrial fibrillation as a risk factor for cognitive decline and dementia
ConclusionIn adults aged 45 –85 years AF is associated with accelerated cognitive decline and higher risk of dementia even at ages when AF incidence is low. At least in part, this was explained by incident cardiovascular disease in patients with AF.
Source: European Heart Journal - April 29, 2017 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Subclinical thyroid dysfunction and cardiovascular diseases: 2016 update
AbstractSubclinical thyroid dysfunction comprises subclinical hypothyroidism (SHypo), defined as elevated thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) by normal free thyroxine (FT4), and subclinical hyperthyroidism (SHyper) with decreased or undetectable TSH and normal FT4. Up to 10% of the elderly have SHypo, which is usually asymptomatic. Individual participant data (IPD) analyses of prospective cohort studies from the international Thyroid Studies Collaboration show that SHypo is associated with increased coronary heart disease (CHD) mortality [hazard ratio (HR) 1,58 for TSH ≥ 10 mIU/L, 95% CI 1.10–2.27), as well as increased ...
Source: European Heart Journal - February 27, 2017 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Dietary patterns and the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events in a global study of high-risk patients with stable coronary heart disease
Conclusion Greater consumption of healthy foods may be more important for secondary prevention of coronary artery disease than avoidance of less healthy foods typical of Western diets.
Source: European Heart Journal - June 30, 2016 Category: Cardiology Authors: Stewart, R. A. H., Wallentin, L., Benatar, J., Danchin, N., Hagstrom, E., Held, C., Husted, S., Lonn, E., Stebbins, A., Chiswell, K., Vedin, O., Watson, D., White, H. D., the STABILITY Investigators Tags: Coronary artery disease Source Type: research

Updated European Heart Rhythm Association practical guide on the use of non-vitamin-K antagonist anticoagulants in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation: Executive summary
AbstractIn 2013, the European Heart Rhythm Association (EHRA) published a Practical Guide on the use of non-VKA oral anticoagulants (NOACs) in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) (Heidbuchel H, Verhamme P, Alings M, Antz M, Hacke W, Oldgren J, Sinnaeve P, Camm AJ, Kirchhof P, European Heart Rhythm A. European Heart Rhythm Association Practical Guide on the use of new oral anticoagulants in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation.Europace 2013;15:625 –651; Heidbuchel H, Verhamme P, Alings M, Antz M, Hacke W, Oldgren J, Sinnaeve P, Camm AJ, Kirchhof P. EHRA practical guide on the use of new oral anticoagulants in...
Source: European Heart Journal - June 9, 2016 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Cardiovascular morbidity and mortality related to orthostatic hypotension: a meta-analysis of prospective observational studies
Conclusion Orthostatic hypotension is associated with a significantly increased risk of all-cause death, incident CHD, HF, and stroke.
Source: European Heart Journal - July 1, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Ricci, F., Fedorowski, A., Radico, F., Romanello, M., Tatasciore, A., Di Nicola, M., Zimarino, M., De Caterina, R. Tags: Hypertension Source Type: research

Metabolically healthy obesity and the risk of cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes: the Whitehall II cohort study
Conclusion For type 2 diabetes, the MHO phenotype is associated with lower risk than the metabolically unhealthy obese, but for CVD the risk is as elevated in both obesity phenotypes.
Source: European Heart Journal - March 1, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Hinnouho, G.-M., Czernichow, S., Dugravot, A., Nabi, H., Brunner, E. J., Kivimaki, M., Singh-Manoux, A. Tags: Prevention and epidemiology Source Type: research

Family history of premature cardiovascular disease: blood pressure control and long-term mortality outcomes in hypertensive patients
Conclusion Our study suggests that despite earlier referral and treatment of individuals with a positive family history of premature CVD, excess risk persists, indicating the need for continued and sustained efforts to reduce risk factors and drug adherence in these individuals.
Source: European Heart Journal - March 1, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Williamson, C., Jeemon, P., Hastie, C. E., McCallum, L., Muir, S., Dawson, J., Walters, M., Sloan, W., Morrison, D., Dominiczak, A. F., Pell, J., Padmanabhan, S. Tags: Hypertension Source Type: research

Trends in age-specific coronary heart disease mortality in the European Union over three decades: 1980-2009
Conclusion There is limited evidence to support the hypothesis that CHD mortality rates in younger age groups in the member states of the EU have been more likely to plateau than in older age groups. There are, however, substantial and persistent inequalities between countries. It remains vitally important for the whole EU to monitor and work towards reducing preventable risk factors for CHD and other chronic conditions to promote wellbeing and equity across the region.
Source: European Heart Journal - October 14, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: Nichols, M., Townsend, N., Scarborough, P., Rayner, M. Tags: Coronary artery disease Source Type: research

Adherence to cardiovascular therapy: a meta-analysis of prevalence and clinical consequences
Conclusion A substantial proportion of people do not adhere adequately to cardiovascular medications, and the prevalence of suboptimal adherence is similar across all individual CVD medications. Absolute and relative risk assessments demonstrate that a considerable proportion of all CVD events (~9% in Europe) could be attributed to poor adherence to vascular medications alone, and that the level of optimal adherence confers a significant inverse association with subsequent adverse outcomes. Measures to enhance adherence to help maximize the potentials of effective cardiac therapies in the clinical setting are urgently required.
Source: European Heart Journal - October 7, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: Chowdhury, R., Khan, H., Heydon, E., Shroufi, A., Fahimi, S., Moore, C., Stricker, B., Mendis, S., Hofman, A., Mant, J., Franco, O. H. Tags: Prevention and epidemiology Source Type: research

Dietary intake of saturated fatty acids and incident stroke and coronary heart disease in Japanese communities: the JPHC Study
Conclusions In this Japanese population, SFAs intake was inversely associated with deep intraparenchymal haemorrhage and lacunar infarction and positively associated with myocardial infarction.
Source: European Heart Journal - April 21, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: Yamagishi, K., Iso, H., Kokubo, Y., Saito, I., Yatsuya, H., Ishihara, J., Inoue, M., Tsugane, S., for the JPHC Study Group, Sobue, Hanaoka, Ogata, Baba, Mannami, Okayama, K., Miyakawa, Saito, Koizumi, Sano, Hashimoto, Ikuta, Tanaba, Miyajima, Suzuki, Naga Tags: Prevention and epidemiology Source Type: research

Stroke and coronary heart disease: predictive power of standard risk factors into old age--long-term cumulative risk study among men in Gothenburg, Sweden
Conclusion The prediction of traditional risk factors (systolic blood pressure, total serum cholesterol, and smoking status) on short-term risk (0–10 years) and long-term risk (0–35 years) of CHD of stroke differs substantially. This indicates that the cumulative risk in middle-aged men based on these traditional risk factors can effectively be used to predict CHD but not stroke to the same extent.
Source: European Heart Journal - April 7, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: Giang, K. W., Bjorck, L., Novak, M., Lappas, G., Wilhelmsen, L., Toren, K., Rosengren, A. Tags: Prevention and epidemiology Source Type: research