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Total 198 results found since Jan 2013.
Magnetic resonance imaging/angiography and transcranial Doppler velocities in sickle cell anemia: results from the SWiTCH trial
The Stroke With Transfusions Changing to Hydroxyurea (SWiTCH) trial compared standard (transfusions/chelation) to alternative (hydroxyurea/phlebotomy) treatment to prevent recurrent stroke and manage iron overload in children chronically transfused over 7 years before enrollment. Standardized brain magnetic resonance imaging/magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) and transcranial Doppler (TCD) exams were performed at entry and exit, with a central blinded review. A novel MRA vasculopathy grading scale demonstrated frequent severe baseline left/right vessel stenosis (53%/41% ≥Grade 4); 31% had no vessel stenosis on either ...
Source: Blood - August 7, 2014 Category: Hematology Authors: Helton, K. J., Adams, R. J., Kesler, K. L., Lockhart, A., Aygun, B., Driscoll, C., Heeney, M. M., Jackson, S. M., Krishnamurti, L., Miller, S. T., Sarnaik, S. A., Schultz, W. H., Ware, R. E., for the SWiTCH Investigators Tags: Pediatric Hematology, Sickle Cell Disease, Free Research Articles, Red Cells, Iron, and Erythropoiesis, Vascular Biology, Clinical Trials and Observations Source Type: research
Rates, management, and outcome of rivaroxaban bleeding in daily care: results from the Dresden NOAC registry
Worldwide, rivaroxaban is increasingly used for stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation and treatment of venous thromboembolism, but little is known about rivaroxaban-related bleeding complications in daily care. Using data from a prospective, noninterventional oral anticoagulation registry of daily care patients (Dresden NOAC registry), we analyzed rates, management, and outcome of rivaroxaban-related bleeding. Between October 1, 2011, and December 31, 2013, 1776 rivaroxaban patients were enrolled. So far, 762 patients (42.9%) reported 1082 bleeding events during/within 3 days after last intake of rivaroxaban (58.9% mino...
Source: Blood - August 7, 2014 Category: Hematology Authors: Beyer-Westendorf, J., Forster, K., Pannach, S., Ebertz, F., Gelbricht, V., Thieme, C., Michalski, F., Kohler, C., Werth, S., Sahin, K., Tittl, L., Hansel, U., Weiss, N. Tags: Free Research Articles, Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Clinical Trials and Observations Source Type: research
Targeted mutagenesis of zebrafish antithrombin III triggers disseminated intravascular coagulation and thrombosis, revealing insight into function
Pathologic blood clotting is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the developed world, underlying deep vein thrombosis, myocardial infarction, and stroke. Genetic predisposition to thrombosis is still poorly understood, and we hypothesize that there are many additional risk alleles and modifying factors remaining to be discovered. Mammalian models have contributed to our understanding of thrombosis, but are low throughput and costly. We have turned to the zebrafish, a tool for high-throughput genetic analysis. Using zinc finger nucleases, we show that disruption of the zebrafish antithrombin III (at3) locus result...
Source: Blood - July 3, 2014 Category: Hematology Authors: Liu, Y., Kretz, C. A., Maeder, M. L., Richter, C. E., Tsao, P., Vo, A. H., Huarng, M. C., Rode, T., Hu, Z., Mehra, R., Olson, S. T., Joung, J. K., Shavit, J. A. Tags: Thrombosis and Hemostasis Source Type: research
Spontaneous heparin-induced thrombocytopenia syndrome: 2 new cases and a proposal for defining this disorder
We describe 2 new cases presenting with thrombotic stroke/thrombocytopenia: one following shoulder hemi-arthroplasty (performed without heparin) and the other presenting to the emergency room without prior hospitalization, heparin exposure, or preceding infection. Both patients tested strongly positive for anti-platelet factor 4 (PF4)/heparin immunoglobulin (Ig)G in 2 different immunoassays and in the platelet serotonin-release assay. Crucially, both patients’ sera also caused strong (>80%) serotonin release in the absence of heparin, a serologic feature characteristic of delayed-onset HIT (ie, where heparin use p...
Source: Blood - June 5, 2014 Category: Hematology Authors: Warkentin, T. E., Basciano, P. A., Knopman, J., Bernstein, R. A. Tags: Free Research Articles, Platelets and Thrombopoiesis, Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Brief Reports Source Type: research
Lower risk for serious adverse events and no increased risk for cancer after PBSC vs BM donation
In conclusion, SAEs after donation are rare but more often occurred in BM donors and women. In addition, there was no evidence of increased risk for cancer, autoimmune illness, and stroke in donors receiving granulocyte colony-stimulating factor during this period of observation.
Source: Blood - June 5, 2014 Category: Hematology Authors: Pulsipher, M. A., Chitphakdithai, P., Logan, B. R., Navarro, W. H., Levine, J. E., Miller, J. P., Shaw, B. E., O'Donnell, P. V., Majhail, N. S., Confer, D. L. Tags: Transfusion Medicine, Transplantation Source Type: research
GpIb{alpha}-VWF blockade restores vessel patency by dissolving platelet aggregates formed under very high shear rate in mice
Interactions between platelet glycoprotein (Gp) IIb/IIIa and plasma proteins mediate platelet cross-linking in arterial thrombi. However, GpIIb/IIIa inhibitors fail to disperse platelet aggregates after myocardial infarction or ischemic stroke. These results suggest that stability of occlusive thrombi involves additional and as-yet-unidentified mechanisms. In the present study, we investigated the mechanisms driving platelet cross-linking during occlusive thrombus formation. Using computational fluid dynamic simulations and in vivo thrombosis models, we demonstrated that the inner structure of occlusive thrombi is heteroge...
Source: Blood - May 22, 2014 Category: Hematology Authors: Le Behot, A., Gauberti, M., Martinez De Lizarrondo, S., Montagne, A., Lemarchand, E., Repesse, Y., Guillou, S., Denis, C. V., Maubert, E., Orset, C., Vivien, D. Tags: Platelets and Thrombopoiesis, Thrombosis and Hemostasis Source Type: research
Increased stroke size following MCA occlusion in a mouse model of sickle cell disease
Source: Blood - March 20, 2014 Category: Hematology Authors: Luo, W., Su, E. J., Wang, J., Wang, H., Guo, C., Pawar, A., Campbell, A. D., Lawrence, D. A., Eitzman, D. T. Tags: Sickle Cell Disease, Red Cells, Iron, and Erythropoiesis, Vascular Biology CORRESPONDENCE Source Type: research
Antithrombotic actions of statins involve PECAM-1 signaling
Statins are widely prescribed cholesterol-lowering drugs that are a first-line treatment of coronary artery disease and atherosclerosis, reducing the incidence of thrombotic events such as myocardial infarction and stroke. Statins have been shown to reduce platelet activation, although the mechanism(s) through which this occurs is unclear. Because several of the characteristic effects of statins on platelets are shared with those elicited by the inhibitory platelet adhesion receptor PECAM-1 (platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1), we investigated a potential connection between the influence of statins on platelet f...
Source: Blood - October 31, 2013 Category: Hematology Authors: Moraes, L. A., Vaiyapuri, S., Sasikumar, P., Ali, M. S., Kriek, N., Sage, T., Gibbins, J. M. Tags: Platelets and Thrombopoiesis Source Type: research
Comparison of vascular growth factors in the murine brain reveals placenta growth factor as prime candidate for CNS revascularization
Vascular bypass procedures in the central nervous system (CNS) remain technically challenging, hindered by complications and often failing to prevent adverse outcome such as stroke. Thus, there is an unmet clinical need for a safe and effective CNS revascularization. Vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGFs) are promising candidates for revascularization; however, their effects appear to be tissue-specific and their potential in the CNS has not been fully explored. To test growth factors for angiogenesis in the CNS, we characterized the effects of endothelium-specific growth factors on the brain vasculature and parenchym...
Source: Blood - August 1, 2013 Category: Hematology Authors: Gaal, E. I., Tammela, T., Anisimov, A., Marbacher, S., Honkanen, P., Zarkada, G., Leppanen, V.-M., Tatlisumak, T., Hernesniemi, J., Niemela, M., Alitalo, K. Tags: Vascular Biology, Gene Therapy Source Type: research
(Dis)solving the stroke problem by vWF inhibition?
Source: Blood - June 20, 2013 Category: Hematology Authors: Nieswandt, B., Stoll, G. Tags: Free Research Articles INSIDE BLOOD Source Type: research
Reperfusion of cerebral artery thrombosis by the GPIb-VWF blockade with the Nanobody ALX-0081 reduces brain infarct size in guinea pigs
Thrombolytic therapy is the cornerstone of treatment of acute atherothrombotic ischemic stroke but is associated with brain hemorrhage; antiplatelet therapy has limited efficacy and is still associated with intracranial bleeding. Therefore, new antithrombotic approaches with a better efficacy/safety ratio are required. We have assessed the effect of ALX-0081, a Nanobody against the A1 domain of von Willebrand factor (VWF) that blocks VWF binding to GPIb, of the thrombolytic agent recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rtPA), and of the GPIIb/IIIa antagonist tirofiban, in a middle cerebral artery (MCA) thrombosis model i...
Source: Blood - June 20, 2013 Category: Hematology Authors: Momi, S., Tantucci, M., Van Roy, M., Ulrichts, H., Ricci, G., Gresele, P. Tags: Platelets and Thrombopoiesis, Thrombosis and Hemostasis Source Type: research
Only severe thrombocytopenia results in bleeding and defective thrombus formation in mice
Platelets are essential mediators of hemostasis and thrombosis. Platelet counts (PCs) in humans average 250 platelets/nL, but it is not entirely clear how platelet numbers affect hemostasis and occurrence of thrombotic events. Mice, displaying PCs of ~1000 platelets/nL, are widely used to assess platelet function in (patho-)physiology, but also in this species, the significance of PC for hemostasis and thrombotic disease is not established. We reduced PCs in mice to defined ranges between 0 and 1000 platelets/nL by platelet-depleting antibodies and challenged them in different arterial thrombosis models: the transient midd...
Source: Blood - June 13, 2013 Category: Hematology Authors: Morowski, M., Vogtle, T., Kraft, P., Kleinschnitz, C., Stoll, G., Nieswandt, B. Tags: Thrombocytopenia, Platelets and Thrombopoiesis, Thrombosis and Hemostasis Source Type: research
Increased risk of CVD after VT is determined by common etiologic factors
In conclusion, individuals with VT had an increased risk of CVD. This could be explained by common etiologic factors.
Source: Blood - June 13, 2013 Category: Hematology Authors: Roach, R. E. J., Lijfering, W. M., Flinterman, L. E., Rosendaal, F. R., Cannegieter, S. C. Tags: Free Research Articles, Thrombosis and Hemostasis Source Type: research
A specific antidote for dabigatran: functional and structural characterization
Dabigatran etexilate is a direct thrombin inhibitor and used widely as an anticoagulant for the prevention of stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation. However, anticoagulation therapy can be associated with an increased risk of bleeding. Here, we present data on the identification, humanization, and in vitro pharmacology of an antidote for dabigatran (aDabi-Fab). The X-ray crystal structure of dabigatran in complex with the antidote reveals many structural similarities of dabigatran recognition compared with thrombin. By a tighter network of interactions, the antidote achieves an affinity for dabigatran that is ~350 ti...
Source: Blood - May 2, 2013 Category: Hematology Authors: Schiele, F., van Ryn, J., Canada, K., Newsome, C., Sepulveda, E., Park, J., Nar, H., Litzenburger, T. Tags: Plenary Papers, Thrombosis and Hemostasis Source Type: research
