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Total 198 results found since Jan 2013.
Unwinding the path from anemia to stroke
Source: Blood - March 1, 2018 Category: Hematology Authors: Wood, J. C. Tags: Free Research Articles COMMENTS Source Type: research
Red cell exchange transfusions lower cerebral blood flow and oxygen extraction fraction in pediatric sickle cell anemia
Blood transfusions are the mainstay of stroke prevention in pediatric sickle cell anemia (SCA), but the physiology conferring this benefit is unclear. Cerebral blood flow (CBF) and oxygen extraction fraction (OEF) are elevated in SCA, likely compensating for reduced arterial oxygen content (CaO2). We hypothesized that exchange transfusions would decrease CBF and OEF by increasing CaO2, thereby relieving cerebral oxygen metabolic stress. Twenty-one children with SCA receiving chronic transfusion therapy (CTT) underwent magnetic resonance imaging before and after exchange transfusions. Arterial spin labeling and asymmetric s...
Source: Blood - March 1, 2018 Category: Hematology Authors: Guilliams, K. P., Fields, M. E., Ragan, D. K., Eldeniz, C., Binkley, M. M., Chen, Y., Comiskey, L. S., Doctor, A., Hulbert, M. L., Shimony, J. S., Vo, K. D., McKinstry, R. C., An, H., Lee, J.-M., Ford, A. L. Tags: Pediatric Hematology, Sickle Cell Disease, Transfusion Medicine, Free Research Articles, Red Cells, Iron, and Erythropoiesis Source Type: research
CK2{beta} regulates thrombopoiesis and Ca2+-triggered platelet activation in arterial thrombosis
Platelets, anucleated megakaryocyte (MK)-derived cells, play a major role in hemostasis and arterial thrombosis. Although protein kinase casein kinase 2 (CK2) is readily detected in MKs and platelets, the impact of CK2-dependent signaling on MK/platelet (patho-)physiology has remained elusive. The present study explored the impact of the CK2 regulatory β-subunit on platelet biogenesis and activation. MK/platelet-specific genetic deletion of CK2β (ck2β–/–) in mice resulted in a significant macrothrombocytopenia and an increased extramedullar megakaryopoiesis with an enhanced proportion of prematur...
Source: Blood - December 21, 2017 Category: Hematology Authors: Münzer, P., Walker-Allgaier, B., Geue, S., Langhauser, F., Geuss, E., Stegner, D., Aurbach, K., Semeniak, D., Chatterjee, M., Gonzalez Menendez, I., Märklin, M., Quintanilla-Martinez, L., Salih, H. R., Litchfield, D. W., Buchou, T., Kleins Tags: Platelets and Thrombopoiesis, Thrombosis and Hemostasis Source Type: research
Degree of anemia, indirect markers of hemolysis, and vascular complications of sickle cell disease in Africa
In conclusion, severe anemia at steady state in SCD patients living in West and Central Africa is associated with elevated TRV, microalbuminuria, and leg ulcers, but these vascular complications are not independently associated with indirect markers of increased hemolysis. Other mechanisms leading to anemia, including malnutrition and infectious diseases, may also play a role in the development of SCD vasculopathy.
Source: Blood - November 16, 2017 Category: Hematology Authors: Dubert, M., Elion, J., Tolo, A., Diallo, D. A., Diop, S., Diagne, I., Sanogo, I., Belinga, S., Guifo, O., Wamba, G., Ngo Sack, F., Boidy, K., Kamara, I., Traore, Y., Diakite, C. O., Gbonon, V., Faye, B. F., Seck, M., Deme Ly, I., Chelo, D., NGuetta, R., D Tags: Sickle Cell Disease, Red Cells, Iron, and Erythropoiesis Source Type: research
Management of rivaroxaban- or apixaban-associated major bleeding with prothrombin complex concentrates: a cohort study
There is uncertainty regarding the effectiveness and occurrence of thromboembolic events in patients treated with prothrombin complex concentrates (PCCs) for the management of major bleeding events (MBEs) on rivaroxaban or apixaban. We investigated the effectiveness of PCCs given for the management of MBEs in patients on rivaroxaban or apixaban. Between 1 January 2014 and 1 October 2016, we prospectively included patients on rivaroxaban or apixaban treated with PCCs for the management of MBEs. The effectiveness of PCCs was assessed by using the International Society of Thrombosis and Hemostasis Scientific and Standardizati...
Source: Blood - October 12, 2017 Category: Hematology Authors: Majeed, A., Agren, A., Holmström, M., Bruzelius, M., Chaireti, R., Odeberg, J., Hempel, E.-L., Magnusson, M., Frisk, T., Schulman, S. Tags: Free Research Articles, Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Clinical Trials and Observations Source Type: research
Tissue-type plasminogen activator regulates macrophage activation and innate immunity
Tissue-type plasminogen activator (tPA) is the major intravascular activator of fibrinolysis and a ligand for receptors involved in cell signaling. In cultured macrophages, tPA inhibits the response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) by a pathway that apparently requires low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein-1 (LRP1). Herein, we show that the mechanism by which tPA neutralizes LPS involves rapid reversal of IBα phosphorylation. tPA independently induced transient IBα phosphorylation and extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) activation in macrophages; however, these events did not trigger inflam...
Source: Blood - September 14, 2017 Category: Hematology Authors: Mantuano, E., Azmoon, P., Brifault, C., Banki, M. A., Gilder, A. S., Campana, W. M., Gonias, S. L. Tags: Immunobiology and Immunotherapy, Phagocytes, Granulocytes, and Myelopoiesis, Thrombosis and Hemostasis Source Type: research
Curtis C, Mineyko A, Massicotte P, et al. Thrombophilia risk is not increased in children after perinatal stroke. Blood. 2017;129(20):2793-2800.
Source: Blood - July 20, 2017 Category: Hematology Tags: Free Research Articles ERRATUM Source Type: research
ADAMTS13 controls vascular remodeling by modifying VWF reactivity during stroke recovery
Angiogenic response is essential for ischemic brain repair. The von Willebrand factor (VWF)–cleaving protease disintegrin and metalloprotease with thrombospondin type I motif, member 13 (ADAMTS13) is required for endothelial tube formation in vitro, but there is currently no in vivo evidence supporting a function of ADAMTS13 in angiogenesis. Here we show that mice deficient in ADAMTS13 exhibited reduced neovascularization, brain capillary perfusion, pericyte and smooth muscle cell coverage on microvessels, expression of the tight junction and basement membrane proteins, and accelerated blood-brain barrier (BBB) break...
Source: Blood - July 6, 2017 Category: Hematology Authors: Xu, H., Cao, Y., Yang, X., Cai, P., Kang, L., Zhu, X., Luo, H., Lu, L., Wei, L., Bai, X., Zhu, Y., Zhao, B.-Q., Fan, W. Tags: Plenary Papers, Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Vascular Biology Source Type: research
Predicting the higher rate of intracranial hemorrhage in glioma patients receiving therapeutic enoxaparin
Venous thromboembolism occurs in up to one-third of patients with primary brain tumors. Spontaneous intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) is also a frequent occurrence in these patients, but there is limited data on the safety of therapeutic anticoagulation. To determine the rate of ICH in patients treated with enoxaparin, we performed a matched, retrospective cohort study with blinded radiology review for 133 patients with high-grade glioma. After diagnosis of glioma, the cohort that received enoxaparin was 3 times more likely to develop a major ICH than those not treated with anticoagulation (14.7% vs 2.5%; P = .036; hazard rati...
Source: Blood - June 22, 2017 Category: Hematology Authors: Mantia, C., Uhlmann, E. J., Puligandla, M., Weber, G. M., Neuberg, D., Zwicker, J. I. Tags: Free Research Articles, Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Clinical Trials and Observations Source Type: research
Intracranial hemorrhage in patients with atrial fibrillation receiving anticoagulation therapy
We investigated the frequency and characteristics of intracranial hemorrhage (ICH), the factors associated with the risk of ICH, and outcomes post-ICH overall and by randomized treatment. We identified patients with ICH from the overall trial population enrolled in the Apixaban for Reduction in Stroke and Other Thromboembolic Events in Atrial Fibrillation trial who received ≥1 dose of the study drug (n = 18 140). ICH was adjudicated by a central committee. Cox regression models were used to identify factors associated with ICH. ICH occurred in 174 patients; most ICH events were spontaneous (71.7%) versus traumatic (28.3...
Source: Blood - June 1, 2017 Category: Hematology Authors: Lopes, R. D., Guimaraes, P. O., Kolls, B. J., Wojdyla, D. M., Bushnell, C. D., Hanna, M., Easton, J. D., Thomas, L., Wallentin, L., Al-Khatib, S. M., Held, C., Gabriel Melo de Barros e Silva, P., Alexander, J. H., Granger, C. B., Diener, H.-C. Tags: Free Research Articles, Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Clinical Trials and Observations Source Type: research
Thrombophilia risk is not increased in children after perinatal stroke
Perinatal stroke causes cerebral palsy and lifelong disability. Specific diseases are definable, but mechanisms are poorly understood. Evidence suggests possible associations between arterial perinatal stroke and prothrombotic disorders, but population-based, controlled, disease-specific studies are limited. Understanding thrombophilia in perinatal stroke informs pathogenesis models and clinical management. We conducted a population-based, prospective, case-control study to determine the association of specific perinatal stroke diseases with known thrombophilias. Children with idiopathic magnetic resonance imaging–cl...
Source: Blood - May 18, 2017 Category: Hematology Authors: Curtis, C., Mineyko, A., Massicotte, P., Leaker, M., Jiang, X. Y., Floer, A., Kirton, A. Tags: Pediatric Hematology, Free Research Articles, Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Vascular Biology, CME article Source Type: research
Thrombophilia after perinatal stroke
Source: Blood - May 18, 2017 Category: Hematology Tags: Free Research Articles, CME article CONTINUING MEDICAL EDUCATION (CME) QUESTIONS Source Type: research
Making thrombolysis safer in stroke
Source: Blood - April 20, 2017 Category: Hematology Authors: Gailani, D. Tags: Free Research Articles COMMENTS Source Type: research
Plasma kallikrein mediates brain hemorrhage and edema caused by tissue plasminogen activator therapy in mice after stroke
Thrombolytic therapy using tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) in acute stroke is associated with increased risks of cerebral hemorrhagic transformation and angioedema. Although plasma kallikrein (PKal) has been implicated in contributing to both hematoma expansion and thrombosis in stroke, its role in the complications associated with the therapeutic use of tPA in stroke is not yet available. We investigated the effects of tPA on plasma prekallikrein (PPK) activation and the role of PKal on cerebral outcomes in a murine thrombotic stroke model treated with tPA. We show that tPA increases PKal activity in vitro in both muri...
Source: Blood - April 20, 2017 Category: Hematology Authors: Simao, F., Ustunkaya, T., Clermont, A. C., Feener, E. P. Tags: Thrombosis and Hemostasis Source Type: research
Platelet secretion is crucial to prevent bleeding in the ischemic brain but not in the inflamed skin or lung in mice
Platelets maintain hemostasis after injury, but also during inflammation. Recent studies have shown that platelets prevent inflammatory bleeding through (hem) immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif-dependent mechanisms irrespective of aggregation during skin and lung inflammation. Although the exact mechanisms underlying this process remain unknown, it was speculated that mediators released from platelet granules might be involved. Maintaining cerebral hemostasis during stroke treatment is of high clinical relevance because hemorrhage may aggravate the disease state and increase mortality. Although it was shown tha...
Source: Blood - March 23, 2017 Category: Hematology Authors: Deppermann, C., Kraft, P., Volz, J., Schuhmann, M. K., Beck, S., Wolf, K., Stegner, D., Stoll, G., Nieswandt, B. Tags: Platelets and Thrombopoiesis, Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Brief Reports Source Type: research
