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Gut Microbiota and Cardiovascular Disease: Symbiosis Versus Dysbiosis
Curr Med Chem. 2021 Dec 12. doi: 10.2174/0929867328666211213112949. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe gut microbiome interacts with host physiology through various mechanisms, including the cardiovascular (CV) system. A healthy microbiome has the ability to process and digest complex carbohydrates into short-chain fatty acids (SCFA). These SCFA function as signaling molecules, immune-modulating molecules, and energy sources. However, when the microbiome is altered, it produces gut dysbiosis with overgrowth of certain bacteria that may lead to overproduction of trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) from the metabolism of phosphatid...
Source: Current Medicinal Chemistry - December 28, 2021 Category: Chemistry Authors: Antonis A Manolis Theodora A Manolis Helen Melita Antonis S Manolis Source Type: research

Biomarkers associated with stroke risk in atrial fibrillation.
Abstract Atrial fibrillation is associated with increased risk for cardioembolic stroke. The risk of cardioembolism is not adequately reduced with the administration of oral anticoagulants, since a number of patients continue to experience thromboembolic events despite receiving anti-thrombotic treatment. Several biomarkers have been proposed to predict cardioembolic stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation. Some of them are already used in the clinical practice, such as D-Dimers, Troponin and brain natriuretic peptide. Novel ones such as the inflammatory growth differentiation factor-15, appear to be promising...
Source: Current Medicinal Chemistry - July 18, 2017 Category: Chemistry Authors: Ioannou A, Papageorgiou N, Falconer D, Rehal O, Sewart E, Zacharia E, Toutouzas K, Vlachopoulos C, Siasos G, Tsioufis C, Tousoulis D Tags: Curr Med Chem Source Type: research

Post-translational Protein Modifications of Rare and Unconventional Types: Implications in Functions and Diseases.
Abstract Protein post-translational modification (PTM) occurs following their biosynthesis and is a key cellular event that defines their ultimate functional properties. It is an important control mechanism for display of biological functions of proteins often in a profound manner. It may switch on or off a protein's function. Several studies have been conducted to understand their mechanisms, physiological pathways and functional properties. PTMs have been shown to alter structural, conformational and physicochemical properties of proteins. So far a variety of protein modifications have been detected in physiolog...
Source: Current Medicinal Chemistry - January 17, 2016 Category: Chemistry Authors: Basak S, Lu C, Basak A Tags: Curr Med Chem Source Type: research

Platelets And Atherothrombosis: Causes, Targets And Treatments For Thrombosis.
Abstract Arterial thrombosis is the acute complication that develops on the chronic lesions of atherosclerosis and reasons heart attack and stroke, today the most common causes of mortality in developed countries. According to the WHO, 17.1 million people died world wide of cardiovascular diseases (CVD), per year, accounting for one-third of all deaths globally. On the basis of current estimates from the American Heart Association, more than 60 million people in the United States alone have one or more forms of cardiovascular disease, and a high proportion of these individuals are at increased risk of arterial thr...
Source: Current Medicinal Chemistry - April 1, 2013 Category: Chemistry Authors: Siddiqui TI, Anil Kumar KS, Dikshit DK Tags: Curr Med Chem Source Type: research