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Orexin-A Prevents Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Neuroinflammation at the Level of the Intestinal Barrier
We examined a possible protective effect of OX-A against LPS-induced ROS formation and microglia activation. To mimic in vitro the connection between gut and brain and to study the putative effect on the cortical microglia, we used a co-culture of Caco-2 cells and primary cortical microglia with Caco-2 cells placed at the apical side of a transwell and primary cortical microglia at the basolateral side. All treatments used to study the apical vs. basal connection were applied to the apical compartment. We used DHR (10 μM, 20 min), a cell-permeable fluorogenic probe useful for the detection of ROS formation, to dete...
Source: Frontiers in Endocrinology - April 9, 2019 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Deadly Respiratory Distress Mimic
Conclusion It’s important for prehospital providers to be able to differentiate metabolic disturbances in the setting of respiratory distress and not be fooled into thinking tachypnea always has a respiratory cause. The physical exam and adjuncts such as end-tidal capnography can assist in the prehospital diagnosis. A COPD exacerbation generally presents as diminished lung sounds, wheezing on exhalation, and a prolonged expiratory phase. Here, a patient will attempt to compensate for the inflammation and mucus accumulation associated with the destruction and narrowing of peripheral airways and a subsequent lack of availa...
Source: JEMS Special Topics - July 17, 2018 Category: Emergency Medicine Authors: Brenton Faber, PhD, NRP Tags: Airway & Respiratory Exclusive Articles Patient Care Source Type: news

Cor Triatriatum and Stroke: A Case Report and Review of Literature (P3.294)
Conclusions:This is the largest review of CTS cases with associated stroke. The review showed neuroimaging results consistent with a cardioembolic mechanism. All but two of the cases made use of anticoagulation. Three cases underwent surgery. This case has the longest follow-up and the first to demonstrate failure of anti-platelet therapy and anticoagulation. The need for further investigations regarding optimal stroke prevention in this subset of patients is emphasized.Disclosure: Dr. Diestro has nothing to disclose. Dr. Espiritu has nothing to disclose. Dr. Dorotan has nothing to disclose. Dr. Regalado has nothing to dis...
Source: Neurology - April 17, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Diestro, J. D., Espiritu, A., Dorotan, M. K., Regalado, J., Pascual, J. L. Tags: Cerebrovascular Disease Case Reports II Source Type: research