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Theranostic Applications of Nanomaterials in the Field of Cardiovascular Diseases
Curr Pharm Des. 2021 Jul 1. doi: 10.2174/1381612827666210701154305. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTA large percentage of people are being exposed to mortality due to cardiovascular diseases. Convention approaches have not provided satisfactory outcomes in the management of these diseases. To overcome the limitations of conventional approaches, nanomaterials like nanoparticles, nanotubes, micelles, lipid based nanocarriers, dendrimers, carbon based nano-formulations represent the new aspect of diagnosis and treatment of cardiovascular diseases. The unique inherent properties of the nanomaterials are the major reasons for the...
Source: Current Pharmaceutical Design - July 5, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Rakesh K Sahoo Himani Singh Kamlesh Thakur Umesh Gupta Amit K Goyal Source Type: research

Impact of Sex on Office White Coat Effect Tail: A Review.
Abstract Office white-coat effect tail (OWCET) is defined as a decrease of ≥10 mmHg in systolic blood pressure (SBP) between successive measurements after its waxing during an office visit. The influence of sex on the incidence of long-term major fatal and non-fatal cardiovascular events was studied in two Italian populational cohorts [from the Gubbio Study and the Italian Rural Areas of the Seven Countries Study (IRA)]. OWCET increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) [HR: 1.591 (95%CI: 1.204-2.103)], coronary heart disease (CHD) [HR: 1.614 (95%CI: 1.037-2.512)] and stroke (STR) [HR: 1.696 (95%CI: 1.123-2.5...
Source: Current Pharmaceutical Design - January 12, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Humbert X, Fedrizzi S, Hofferer A, Bansard M, Huet AL, Bedier C, Rabiaza A, Le Bas J, Bas FL, Alexandre J, Puddu PE Tags: Curr Pharm Des Source Type: research

Serum uric acid and diabetes: from pathophysiology to cardiovascular disease.
Abstract Hyperuricemia, has been traditionally related to nephrolithiasis and gout. However, it has also been associated with the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and cardiometabolic and cardiovascular diseases. Pathophysiologically, elevated serum uric acid (SUA) levels may be associated with abnormal lipid and glucose metabolism. In this narrative review, we consider the associations between hyperuricemia, hyperglycemia, atherosclerosis and thrombosis. Furthermore, we comment on the available evidence linking elevated SUA levels with the incidence and outcomes of coronary heart disease, stroke, per...
Source: Current Pharmaceutical Design - January 4, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Katsiki N, Dimitriadis GD, Mikhailidis DP Tags: Curr Pharm Des Source Type: research

Subclinical Thyroid Dysfunction and the Risk of Cardiovascular Disease.
Abstract The prevalence of subclinical hypothyroidism (SH) is 3-10%. The prevalence of subclinical hyperthyroidism (SHr) is 0.7-9.7%. Thyroid hormones affect cardiac electrophysiology, contractility, and vasculature.SH is associated with an increased risk of coronary heart disease (CHD), especially in subjects under 65. SHr seems to be associated with a slightly increased risk of CHD and an increase in CHD-related mortality. Both SH and SHr carry an increased risk of developing heart failure (HF), especially in those under 65. Both SH and SHr are associated with worse prognoses in patients with existing HF. SH is ...
Source: Current Pharmaceutical Design - November 17, 2020 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Stojković M, Žarković M Tags: Curr Pharm Des Source Type: research

The role of microRNAs in the development of type 2 diabetes complications.
Abstract MicroRNAs represent a class of small (19-25 nucleotides) single-strand pieces of RNA, that are non-coding ones. They are synthesized by RNA polymerase II from transcripts which fold back on themselves. They mostly act as gene regulatory agents, that pair with complementary sequences on mRNA and produce silencing complexes, which in turn suppress coding genes at a post-transcriptional level. There is now evidence that microRNAs may affect insulin secretion or insulin action, as they can alter pancreatic beta cells development, insulin production, as well as insulin signalling. Any molecular disorder that a...
Source: Current Pharmaceutical Design - November 1, 2020 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Paschou SA, Siasos G, Katsiki N, Tentolouris N, Tousoulis D Tags: Curr Pharm Des Source Type: research

Polyphenols regulate endothelial functions and reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease.
CONCLUSION: High intake of dietary polyphenols may help prevent CVD. Polyphenols inhibit endothelial dysfunction and induce vascular endothelium-dependent vascular relaxation viz. redox regulation and nitric oxide production. The polyphenol-induced healthy endothelial cell function may be related to CVD prevention. PMID: 31333108 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Current Pharmaceutical Design - July 20, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Yamagata K Tags: Curr Pharm Des Source Type: research

Does HbA1cc Play a Role in the Development of Cardiovascular Diseases?
In conclusion, HbA1c serves as a useful marker for diagnosis and management of diabetes. AGE cannot replace HbA1c in the diagnosis and management of diabetes. There is an association of HbA1c with CVD which be mediated through modulation of CVD risk factors. PMID: 30179123 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Current Pharmaceutical Design - September 3, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Prasad K Tags: Curr Pharm Des Source Type: research

Role of heme oxygenases in cardiovascular syndromes and co-morbidities.
CONCLUSIONS: Each of the six major categories of CVD exhibit features of pathogenesis that hold potential as future therapeutic targets, for modulated heme oxygenase activity. PMID: 30051777 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Current Pharmaceutical Design - July 26, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Haines DD, Tosaki A Tags: Curr Pharm Des Source Type: research

Nutraceuticals and dietary supplements to improve quality of life and outcomes in heart failure patients.
CONCLUSIONS: Evidence suggests that the supplementation with nutraceuticals may be a useful option for effective management of HF, with the advantage of excellent clinical tolerance. PMID: 28120718 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Current Pharmaceutical Design - January 23, 2017 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Cicero AF, Colletti A Tags: Curr Pharm Des Source Type: research

The interaction between gender and diabetes mellitus in the coronary heart disease risk.
CONCLUSION: The connection between diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease is variable according to gender and further studies are needed to elucidate the lenient differentiations in gender specific hormones, risk factor profile, and therapeutic implications between genders. PMID: 27280390 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Current Pharmaceutical Design - June 5, 2016 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Oikonomou E, Tsigkou V, Lazaros G, Papamikroulis GA, Papaioannou S, Siasos G, Tousoulis D Tags: Curr Pharm Des Source Type: research

Gender and Cardiovascular Mortality in Northern and Ssouthern European Populations.
CONCLUSION: No doubt might still exist that all efforts were undertaken for both men and women, for health and prolongation of life to effectively treat common risk factors such as cigarette consumption, high blood pressure, cholesterol levels and physical inactivity by also paying attention to optimal diet. PMID: 27138925 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Current Pharmaceutical Design - May 1, 2016 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Puddu PE, Schiariti M, Torromeo C Tags: Curr Pharm Des Source Type: research

Neurotrophic and Neuroprotective effects of muscle contraction.
CONCLUSION: Physical activity could represent an additional approach to fight against such diseases. PMID: 27121507 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Current Pharmaceutical Design - April 27, 2016 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Arnao V, Di Raimondo D, Tuttolomondo A, Pinto A Tags: Curr Pharm Des Source Type: research

Atypical chest pain in ACS: a trap especially for women.
Abstract Not all acute coronary syndromes (ACS) exhibit the classic symptoms of chest pain. The diagnosis of ACS in patients without typical chest pain is often challenging. These patients are at increased risk for delayed or incorrect diagnosis, less aggressive treatment and high in-hospital mortality. The association between diabetes mellitus and absence of chest pain in ischemic heart disease is established. As well, it is known that women, more frequently than men, have atypical presentation. However, there is a lack of standardization in characterizing the population of patients with ACS and atypical presenta...
Source: Current Pharmaceutical Design - March 8, 2016 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Ricci B, Cenko E, Varotti E, Puddu PE, Manfrini O Tags: Curr Pharm Des Source Type: research

Telemonitoring in the management of high blood pressure.
Abstract High blood pressure (BP) is an important risk factor for stroke and ischaemic heart disease. Yet, despite the availability of effective drugs, it is generally poorly controlled. Partly this is because some patients do not adhere to treatment regimens and partly because clinicians either measure BP insufficiently frequently or are not rigorous in applying treatment guidelines. Additionally individual surgery measurements of BP provide a poor prediction of cardiovascular risk. Methods using multiple BP measures provide more accurate estimates of risk and response to treatment. Self-monitoring of blood press...
Source: Current Pharmaceutical Design - October 24, 2014 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Kinstry BM, Hanley J, Lewis S Tags: Curr Pharm Des Source Type: research