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Association between antidiabetic drugs and the incidence of atrial fibrillation in patients with type 2 diabetes: a nationwide cohort study in South Korea
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is clinical practice's most common sustained cardiac arrhythmia. The prevalence of AF increases with age; thus, the incidence and prevalence of AF are increasing in the aging population worldwide. [1] AF is a significant risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD), ischemic stroke, and mortality, resulting in a substantial economic burden and significant morbidity and mortality. [2,3] Thus, it is essential to identify and intervene against the modifiable risk factors to reduce the risk of developing AF.
Source: Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice - March 16, 2023 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Sunyoung Kim, So Young Park, Bongseong Kim, Chanyang Min, Wonyoung Cho, Dong Keon Yon, Joo Young Kim, Kyung-Do Han, Eun-Jung Rhee, Won-Young Lee, Sang Youl Rhee Source Type: research

Disparities in Adoption of New Diabetic Therapies with Cardiovascular Benefits
Cardiovascular disease remains the most common cause of death among patients with diabetes [1 –3]. Two recently approved classes of medications for Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) reduce the risk of cardiovascular events. Glucagon-like peptide-1 agonists (GLP1RA) reduce death from cardiovascular causes, nonfatal myocardial infarction, and nonfatal stroke in patients T2DM[5–10]. Sodium-gl ucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) reduce heart failure events by 27% to 39% and decrease the frequency of worsening renal disease by 39% compared to placebo in patients with T2DM.
Source: Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice - December 26, 2022 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Elena C. Vasti, Marina Basina, Jamie Calma, David J. Maron, Fatima Rodriguez, Alexander T. Sandhu Source Type: research

Increased Neutrophil Elastase and Proteinase 3 Are Closely Associated with Occurrence and Severity of Stroke and Acute Myocardial Infarction in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
This study aimed to investigate the relationship and predictive ability of NE and PR3 in the development of stroke and AMI in patients with T2DM, and to explore the pattern of NE and PR3 in atherosclerotic plaques.
Source: Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice - March 23, 2022 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Lihong Wang, Jie Pan, Yifan Sun, Shuhang Zong, Rui Zhang, Yue Li, Zhiyan Yu, Jun Liu, Shufei Zang Source Type: research

Prescribing of SGLT2 inhibitors in primary care: a qualitative study of General Practitioners and Endocrinologists
In 2015, the EMPA-REG OUTCOME trial reported that treatment with the sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor, empagliflozin, significantly reduced the risk of the primary composite outcome – death from cardiovascular causes, nonfatal myocardial infarction or nonfatal stroke in patients with type 2 diabetes at high cardiovascular risk [1]. Since that landmark trial, many other large randomised controlled trials (RCTs) have confirmed the cardiovascular (particularly with respect to he art failure) and renal benefits of this drug class [2–7].
Source: Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice - September 2, 2021 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Tamara Y. Milder, Sophie L. Stocker, Melissa Baysari, Richard O. Day, Jerry R. Greenfield Source Type: research

Whole plantar nerve conduction study: a new tool for early diagnosis of peripheral diabetic neuropathy
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) affects over 450 million people worldwide and represents the ninth cause of death in the Western population [1]. Among systemic complications, small vessel disease, often co-existing at time of T2DM diagnosis, induces damage to the microvasculature of kidney, retina and peripheral nerve fibers, and it is further considered an additional risk factor for the development of macrovascular complications (acute myocardial infarct, ischemic stroke, atheromasia of epi-aortic vessels) [2].
Source: Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice - May 6, 2021 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Raffaele Galiero, Dario Ricciardi, Pia Clara Pafundi, Vincenzo Todisco, Gioacchino Tedeschi, Giovanni Cirillo, Ferdinando Carlo Sasso Source Type: research

All-cause mortality and cardiovascular safety of basal insulin treatment in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review with meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis
To evaluate the risk of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality, acute myocardial infarction, and stroke associated with insulin treatment in patients with type 2 diabetes.
Source: Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice - February 4, 2021 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Dimitris Varvaki Rados, Mariana Rangel Ribeiro Falcetta, Lana Catani Pinto, Cristiane Bauermann Leit ão, Jorge Luiz Gross, in memoriam Source Type: research

The association between lipoprotein (a) and carotid atherosclerosis in patients with type 2 diabetes without pre-existing cardiovascular disease: A cross-sectional study
Lipoprotein (a) [Lp(a)] consists of apolipoprotein B-100 and apolipoprotein (a) [1], which has several pathogenic roles for atherosclerosis due to the similarity to low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and thrombosis due to the similarity to plasminogen [2]. As expected, the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) including coronary heart disease (CHD), major coronary events, myocardial infarction, stroke, and all-cause mortality was elevated in general populations with elevated Lp(a) level [3-5].
Source: Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice - December 11, 2020 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Ji Eun Jun, Hongsun Kang, You-Cheol Hwang, Kyu Jeung Ahn, Ho Yeon Chung, In-Kyung Jeong Source Type: research

Examining the heterogeneity inexcess risks of coronary heart disease, stroke, dialysis, and lower extremity amputation associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus across demographic subgroups in an Asian population: a population-based matched cohort study
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a major cause of disability and death worldwide, as it increases the risks of debilitating health conditions such as coronary heart disease (CHD) [1, 2], stroke [2], chronic kidney disease (CKD) [3] and lower extremity amputation (LEA) [4] (hereafter “unfavourable events”). These unfavourable events incur high cost of medical treatment and productivity loss [5-7]; prevention and early detection of these events among individuals with T2DM are now the focus of population health interventions.
Source: Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice - November 21, 2020 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Ka Keat Lim, Vivian Shu Yi Lee, Chuen Seng Tan, Yu Heng Kwan, Zoey Hui Xian Lim, Hwee Lin Wee, Truls Østbye, Lian Leng Low Source Type: research

Incidence of stroke and its association with glycemic control and lifestyle in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: the Fukuoka Diabetes Registry
We prospectively investigated the incidence of stroke and its subtypes, risk factors and prognosis in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes.
Source: Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice - October 20, 2020 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Masanori Iwase, Yuji Komorita, Toshiaki Ohkuma, Hiroki Fujii, Hitoshi Ide, Masahito Yoshinari, Yutaro Oku, Taiki Higashi, Udai Nakamura, Takanari Kitazono Source Type: research

Stroke in the patient with diabetes (part 1) – Epidemiology, etiology, therapy and prognosis
There is a higher incidence of stroke in both the type 2 diabetic and the non-diabetic insulin resistant patient which is accompanied by higher morbidity and mortality. The increase in the frequency of stroke is due to an increase in cerebral infarction, mainly lacunar infarcts, with the incidence of cerebral hemorrhage being less frequent. The major risk factors for stroke in the type 2 diabetic patient are age, hypertension, the number of features of the Metabolic Syndrome, the presence of diabetic nephropathy in both the type 1 and type 2 patient, the presence of peripheral and coronary artery disease and especially the...
Source: Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice - May 18, 2020 Category: Endocrinology Authors: David S.H. Bell, Edison Goncalves Tags: Review Source Type: research

Stroke in the patient with diabetes (Part 1) - Epidemiology, etiology, therapy and prognosis
There is a higher incidence of stroke in both the type 2 diabetic and the non-diabetic insulin resistant patient which is accompanied by higher morbidity and mortality. The increase in the frequency of stroke is due to an increase in cerebral infarction, mainly lacunar infarcts, with the incidence of cerebral hemorrhage being less frequent. The major risk factors for stroke in the type 2 diabetic patient are age, hypertension, the number of features of the Metabolic Syndrome, the presence of diabetic nephropathy in both the type 1 and type 2 patient, the presence of peripheral and coronary artery disease and especially the...
Source: Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice - May 18, 2020 Category: Endocrinology Authors: David S.H. Bell, Edison Goncalves Tags: Review Source Type: research

Stroke in the patient with diabetes (Part 2) – Prevention and the effects of glucose lowering therapies
There is a higher incidence of stroke in both the type 2 diabetic and the non-diabetic insulin resistant patient which is accompanied by higher morbidity and mortality. Stroke primary prevention can be achieved by controlling atrial fibrillation and hypertension, and the utilization of statins and anticoagulant therapies. Utilizing pioglitazone and GLP-1 receptor agonists reduce the risk of stroke while the utilization of metformin, α-glucosidase inhibitors, DPP-4 and SGLT-2 inhibitors have no effect.
Source: Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice - May 11, 2020 Category: Endocrinology Authors: David S.H. Bell, Edison Goncalves Tags: Review Source Type: research

Stroke in the patient with diabetes (Part 2) -Prevention and the effects of glucose lowering therapies
There is a higher incidence of stroke in both the type 2 diabetic and the non-diabetic insulin resistant patient which is accompanied by higher morbidity and mortality. Stroke primary prevention can be achieved by controlling atrial fibrillation and hypertension, and the utilization of statins and anticoagulant therapies. Utilizing pioglitazone and GLP-1 receptor agonists reduce the risk of stroke while the utilization of metformin, α-glucosidase inhibitors, DPP-4 and SGLT-2 inhibitors have no effect.
Source: Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice - May 11, 2020 Category: Endocrinology Authors: David S.H. Bell, Edison Goncalves Tags: Review Source Type: research

A model to predict risk of stroke in middle-aged adults with type 2 diabetes generated from a nationwide population-based cohort study in Korea
This study aimed to develop a model to predict the risk of stroke in middle-aged patients with type 2 DM.
Source: Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice - April 21, 2020 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Mee Kyoung Kim, Kyungdo Han, Jae-Hyoung Cho, Hyuk-Sang Kwon, Kun-Ho Yoon, Seung-Hwan Lee Source Type: research

Invited review. Series: Implications of the recent CVOTs in type 2 diabetes
Large cardiovascular outcome trials (CVOTs) have lent support to a cardiovascular protection with the use of SGLT2-inhibitors (SGLT2is) and GLP1-Receptor Agonists (GLP1-RAs) in subjects with type 2 diabetes. These two classes of novel glucose lowering agents have been shown to have a similar effect on the risk reduction of Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events (MACE: nonfatal myocardial infarction, nonfatal stroke, cardiovascular mortality). Nonetheless, they may not be simply interchangeable. Rather, careful evaluation of all the results of CVOTs allows identification of different effects that may allow profiling of the ide...
Source: Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice - March 16, 2020 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Angela Dardano, Roberto Miccoli, Cristina Bianchi, Giuseppe Daniele, Stefano Del Prato Source Type: research

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