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Metalloproteinases and Their Inhibitors Are Associated with Pulmonary Arterial Stiffness and Ventricular Function in Pediatric Pulmonary Hypertension
Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2021 Jun 4. doi: 10.1152/ajpheart.00750.2020. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTDisturbed balance between matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and their respective tissue inhibitors (TIMPs) is a well-recognized pathophysiologic component of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Both classes of proteases have been associated with clinical outcomes as well as with specific pathologic features of ventricular dysfunction and pulmonary arterial remodeling. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the circulating levels of MMPs and TIMPs in children with PAH undergoing the same day cardiac MRI and righ...
Source: American Journal of Physiology. Heart and Circulatory Physiology - June 4, 2021 Category: Physiology Authors: Michal Schafer D Dunbar Ivy Kathleen Nguyen Katie L Boncella Benjamin S Frank Gareth J Morgan Kathleen Miller-Reed Uyen Truong Kelley L Colvin Michael E Yeager Source Type: research

Sildenafil Administration Improves Right Ventricular Function on 4D Flow MRI in Young Adults Born Premature
CONCLUSIONS: Despite reduced right atrial workload, metoprolol significantly depressed overall cardiac systolic function. Sildenafil, however, increased CI and improved RV function, as quantified by the direct flow fraction. The preterm heart appears dependent on HR, but sensitive to RV afterload manipulations.PMID:33861148 | DOI:10.1152/ajpheart.00824.2020
Source: American Journal of Physiology. Heart and Circulatory Physiology - April 16, 2021 Category: Physiology Authors: Philip A Corrado Gregory P Barton Christopher J Fran çois Oliver Wieben Kara N Goss Source Type: research

Pulmonary vasodilation by phosphodiesterase 5-inhibition is enhanced and nitric oxide-independent in early pulmonary hypertension after myocardial infarction.
Abstract Myocardial infarction (MI) may result in pulmonary hypertension (PH). Inhibition of phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE5), the enzyme responsible for the breakdown of cGMP in vascular smooth muscle, has become part of the contemporary therapeutic armamentarium for pulmonary arterial hypertension and may also be of benefit in PH secondary to MI. Nitric oxide (NO) is an important source of cGMP and can be enhanced in early PH and decreased in severe PH. In the present study we investigated if PDE5-inhibition ameliorates pulmonary hemodynamics in swine with PH secondary to MI and whether NO is essential. The PDE5-inhib...
Source: American Journal of Physiology. Heart and Circulatory Physiology - October 6, 2017 Category: Physiology Authors: van Duin RWB, Houweling B, Uitterdijk A, Duncker DJ, Merkus D Tags: Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol Source Type: research

Right ventricular end-diastolic stiffness heralds right ventricular failure in monocrotaline-induced pulmonary hypertension.
Abstract Recent studies suggest right ventricular (RV) stiffness is important in pulmonary hypertension (PH) prognosis. Smaller stroke volume (SV) variation after a certain RV end-diastolic pressure (EDP) respiratory variation as assessed by spectral transfer function (STF) may identify RV stiffness. Our aim was to evaluate RV stiffness in monocrotaline (MCT)-induced PH progression and to validate STF gain between EDP and SV as marker of stiffness. Seven-week old male Wistar rats randomly injected with 60mg.Kg(-1) MCT or vehicle were divided into 3 groups (n=12 each) according to cardiac index (CI): controls (Ctrl...
Source: American Journal of Physiology. Heart and Circulatory Physiology - July 28, 2016 Category: Physiology Authors: Alaa M, Abdellatif M, Tavares-Silva M, Oliveira-Pinto J, Lopes L, Leite S, Leite-Moreira AF, Lourenço AP Tags: Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol Source Type: research

Adaptive Right Ventricular Performance in Response to Increased Afterload in a Lamb Model of Congenital Heart Disease: Evidence for Enhanced Anrep Effect.
Abstract Patients with pulmonary hypertension associated with congenital heart disease survive longer with preserved right ventricular (RV) function compared to those with primary pulmonary hypertension. The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that superior RV performance can be demonstrated, at baseline and when challenged with increased RV afterload, in lambs with chronic left-to-right cardiac shunts compared to control lambs. A shunt was placed between the pulmonary artery and the aorta in fetal lambs (shunt). RV pressure volume loops were obtained 4 weeks after delivery in shunt and control lambs,...
Source: American Journal of Physiology. Heart and Circulatory Physiology - February 21, 2014 Category: Physiology Authors: Johnson RC, Datar SA, Oishi PE, Bennett SH, Maki J, Sun CE, Johengen MJ, He Y, Raff GW, Redington AN, Fineman JR Tags: Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol Source Type: research

Strong linear relationship between heart rate and mean pulmonary artery pressure in exercising patients with severe precapillary pulmonary hypertension.
Abstract The contribution of heart rate (HR) to pulmonary artery hemodynamics has been suggested in pulmonary hypertension. Our high-fidelity pressure, retrospective study tested the hypothesis that HR explained the majority of mean pulmonary artery pressure (mPAP) and pulse pressure (PApp) variation in twelve severe precapillary pulmonary hypertension patients performing incremental-load cycling while supine. Seven idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension and five chronic thrombo-embolic pulmonary hypertension were studied. Four-to-five PAP-thermodilution cardiac output (CO) points (mean 4.4) were obtained. Hea...
Source: American Journal of Physiology. Heart and Circulatory Physiology - June 21, 2013 Category: Physiology Authors: Chemla D, Castelain V, Hoette S, Creuze N, Provencher S, Zhu K, Humbert M, Herve P Tags: Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol Source Type: research