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Influenza virus NS1- C/EBPβ gene regulatory complex inhibits RIG-I transcription
Publication date: Available online 21 February 2020Source: Antiviral ResearchAuthor(s): Rashmi Kumari, Zhu Guo, Amrita Kumar, Mayim Wiens, Shivaprakash Gangappa, Jacqueline M. Katz, Nancy J. Cox, Renu B. Lal, Devanand Sarkar, Paul B. Fisher, Adolfo García-Sastre, Takashi Fujita, Vijay Kumar, Suryaprakash Sambhara, Priya Ranjan, Sunil K. LalAbstractInfluenza virus non-structural protein 1 (NS1) counteracts host antiviral innate immune responses by inhibiting Retinoic acid inducible gene-I (RIG-I) activation. However, whether NS1 also specifically regulates RIG-I transcription is unknown. Here, we identify a CCAAT/Enhancer ...
Source: Antiviral Therapy - February 23, 2020 Category: Virology Source Type: research

Transient inhibition of sphingosine kinases confers protection to influenza A virus infected mice
Publication date: Available online 17 August 2018Source: Antiviral ResearchAuthor(s): Chuan Xia, Young-Jin Seo, Caleb J. Studstill, Madhuvanthi Vijayan, Jennifer J. Wolf, Bumsuk HahmAbstractInfluenza continues to pose a threat to public health by causing illness and mortality in humans. Discovering host factors that regulate influenza virus propagation is vital for the development of novel drugs. We have previously reported that sphingosine kinase (SphK) 1 promotes influenza A virus (IAV) replication in vitro. Here we demonstrate that the other isoform of SphK, SphK2 promotes the replication of influenza A virus (IAV) in c...
Source: Antiviral Therapy - August 18, 2018 Category: Virology Source Type: research

Inhibition of influenza A virus by mixed siRNAs, targeting the PA, NP, and NS genes, delivered by hybrid microcarriers
In conclusion, we have developed a proof-of-principle which shows that our hybrid microcarrier technology (utilizing a therapeutic siRNA cocktail) may represent a promising approach in anti-influenza therapy.Graphical abstract
Source: Antiviral Therapy - August 6, 2018 Category: Virology Source Type: research

Interleukin-24 inhibits influenza A virus replication in vitro through induction of toll-like receptor 3 dependent apoptosis
This study demonstrates that IL-24 reduces the titer of different influenza A virus subtypes independently of type I interferon in an apoptosis dependent manner. The anti-viral effect of IL-24 correlated with caspase-3 activation and could be blocked by a pan-caspase inhibitor and by small interfering RNA (siRNA) directed towards TLR3. Surprisingly, caspase-3 activation in influenza A virus/IL-24-stimulated cells correlated with the down-regulation of the B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) family member myeloid cell leukemia 1 (Mcl-1). Correspondingly, knockdown of Mcl-1 by siRNA enhanced caspase activation in influenza A virus inf...
Source: Antiviral Therapy - September 14, 2015 Category: Virology Source Type: research

Expression of a single siRNA against a conserved region of NP gene strongly inhibits in vitro replication of different Influenza A virus strains of avian and swine origin
In conclusion, these findings reveal new siRNA sequences able to inhibit Influenza A virus replication and provide a basis for the development of siRNAs as prophylaxis and therapy for influenza infection both in humans and animals.
Source: Antiviral Therapy - May 17, 2015 Category: Virology Source Type: research