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Source: PLoS One
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Total 74 results found since Jan 2013.
Molecular Modification of Metadherin/MTDH Impacts the Sensitivity of Breast Cancer to Doxorubicin
Conclusion MTDH gene plays a promoting role in the proliferation of breast cancer cells and its high expression may be associated with doxorubicin sensitivity of breast cancer.
Source: PLoS One - May 19, 2015 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Zhenchuan Song et al. Source Type: research
Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Is a Novel Regulator of Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator (CFTR) Activity
by Firhan A. Malik, Anja Meissner, Illya Semenkov, Steven Molinski, Stan Pasyk, Saumel Ahmadi, Hai H. Bui, Christine E. Bear, Darcy Lidington, Steffen-Sebastian Bolz
The cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) attenuates sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) signaling in resistance arteries and has emerged as a prominent regulator of myogenic vasoconstriction. This investigation demonstrates that S1P inhibits CFTR activity via adenosine monophosphate-activated kinase (AMPK), establishing a potential feedback link. In Baby Hamster Kidney (BHK) cells expressing wild-type human CFTR, S1P (1μmol/L) attenuates fors...
Source: PLoS One - June 16, 2015 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Firhan A. Malik et al. Source Type: research
Protein Phosphatase 2A in Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Cyclooxygenase-2 Expression in Murine Lymphatic Endothelial Cells
In this study, we explored the mechanisms by which lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induces cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 expression in murine lymphatic endothelial cells (SV-LECs). LPS caused increases in cox-2 mRNA and protein levels, as well as in COX-2 promoter luciferase activity in SV-LECs. These actions were associated with protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A), apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 (ASK1), JNK1/2 and p38MAPK activation, and NF-κB subunit p65 and C/EBPβ phosphorylation. PP2A-ASK1 signaling blockade reduced LPS-induced JNK1/2, p38MAPK, p65 and C/EBPβ phosphorylation. Transfection with PP2A siRNA reduced LPS’s effects o...
Source: PLoS One - August 28, 2015 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Yu-Fan Chuang et al. Source Type: research
In Vivo Silencing of A20 via TLR9-Mediated Targeted SiRNA Delivery Potentiates Antitumor Immune Response
by Floriane C. M. Braun, Jens van den Brandt, Sören Thomas, Sandra Lange, Juliane Schrank, Claudia Gand, Grzegorz K. Przybylski, Katrin Schmoeckel, Barbara M. Bröker, Christian A. Schmidt, Piotr Grabarczyk
A20 is an ubiquitin-editing enzyme that ensures the transient nature of inflammatory signaling pathways induced by cytokines like TNF-α and IL-1 or pathogens via Toll-like receptor (TLR) pathways. It has been identified as a negative regulator of dendritic cell (DC) maturation and attenuator of their immunostimulatory properties. Ex vivo A20-depleted dendritic cells showed enhanced expression of pro-inflammatory cyto...
Source: PLoS One - September 1, 2015 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Floriane C. M. Braun et al. Source Type: research
Expression and Function of mARC: Roles in Lipogenesis and Metabolic Activation of Ximelagatran
In conclusion, our data indicate that mARC1 and mARC2 have different developmental expression profiles, and that mARC2 is involved in lipogenesis, is regulated by nutritional status and responsible for activation of ximelagatran into a mitotoxic metabolite(s).
Source: PLoS One - September 17, 2015 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Etienne P. A. Neve et al. Source Type: research
PKD2 and RSK1 Regulate Integrin β4 Phosphorylation at Threonine 1736
by Lisa te Molder, Arnoud Sonnenberg
The integrin α6β4, a major component of hemidesmosomes (HDs), stabilizes keratinocyte cell adhesion to the epidermal basement membrane through binding to the cytoskeletal linker protein plectin and association with keratin filaments. Disruption of the α6β4-plectin interaction through phosphorylation of the β4 subunit results in a reduction in adhesive strength of keratinocytes to laminin-332 and the dissolution of HDs. Previously, we have demonstrated that phosphorylation of T1736 in the C-terminal end of the β4 cytoplasmic domain disrupts the interaction of β4 with the plakin d...
Source: PLoS One - November 18, 2015 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Lisa te Molder et al. Source Type: research
Reshaping the Cone-Mosaic in a Rat Model of Retinitis Pigmentosa: Modulatory Role of ZO-1 Expression in DL-Alpha-Aminoadipic Acid Reshaping
by Wan-Qing Yu, Yun Sung Eom, Jung-A Shin, Divya Nair, Sara X. Z. Grzywacz, Norberto M. Grzywacz, Cheryl Mae Craft, Eun-Jin Lee
In S334ter-line-3 rat model of Retinitis Pigmentosa (RP), rod cell death induces the rearrangement of cones into mosaics of rings while the fibrotic processes of Müller cells remodel to fill the center of the rings. In contrast, previous work established that DL-alpha-aminoadipic-acid (AAA), a compound that transiently blocks Müller cell metabolism, abolishes these highly structured cone rings. Simultaneously, adherens-junction associated protein, Zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) expression forms in a...
Source: PLoS One - March 15, 2016 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Wan-Qing Yu Source Type: research
MAP3K19 Is a Novel Regulator of TGF-β Signaling That Impacts Bleomycin-Induced Lung Injury and Pulmonary Fibrosis
by Stefen A. Boehme, Karin Franz-Bacon, Danielle N. DiTirro, Tai Wei Ly, Kevin B. Bacon
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive, debilitating disease for which two medications, pirfenidone and nintedanib, have only recently been approved for treatment. The cytokine TGF-β has been shown to be a central mediator in the disease process. We investigated the role of a novel kinase, MAP3K19, upregulated in IPF tissue, in TGF-β-induced signal transduction and in bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis. MAP3K19 has a very limited tissue expression, restricted primarily to the lungs and trachea. In pulmonary tissue, ex...
Source: PLoS One - May 3, 2016 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Stefen A. Boehme Source Type: research
MicroRNA-27 Prevents Atherosclerosis by Suppressing Lipoprotein Lipase-Induced Lipid Accumulation and Inflammatory Response in Apolipoprotein E Knockout Mice
by Wei Xie, Liang Li, Min Zhang, Hai-Peng Cheng, Duo Gong, Yun-Cheng Lv, Feng Yao, Ping-Ping He, Xin-Ping Ouyang, Gang Lan, Dan Liu, Zhen-Wang Zhao, Yu-Lin Tan, Xi-Long Zheng, Wei-Dong Yin, Chao-Ke Tang
Atherosclerotic lesions are lipometabolic disorder characterized by chronic progressive inflammation in arterial walls. Previous studies have shown that macrophage-derived lipoprotein lipase (LPL) might be a key factor that promotes atherosclerosis by accelerating lipid accumulation and proinflammatory cytokine secretion. Increasing evidence indicates that microRNA-27 (miR-27) has beneficial effects on lipid metabolism and...
Source: PLoS One - June 2, 2016 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Wei Xie Source Type: research
TASK-1 Regulates Apoptosis and Proliferation in a Subset of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancers
by Katharina Leithner, Birgit Hirschmugl, Yingji Li, Bi Tang, Rita Papp, Chandran Nagaraj, Elvira Stacher, Philipp Stiegler, Jörg Lindenmann, Andrea Olschewski, Horst Olschewski, Andelko Hrzenjak
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide; survival times are poor despite therapy. The role of the two-pore domain K+ (K2P) channel TASK-1 (KCNK3) in lung cancer is at present unknown. We found that TASK-1 is expressed in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines at variable levels. In a highly TASK-1 expressing NSCLC cell line, A549, a characteristic pH- and hypoxia-sensitive non-inactivating K+ current w...
Source: PLoS One - June 12, 2016 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Katharina Leithner Source Type: research
Interleukin-6 Induces Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-C Expression via Src-FAK-STAT3 Signaling in Lymphatic Endothelial Cells
In this study, we explored the causal role of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) in inducing VEGF-C expression in IL-6-stimulated murine LECs (SV-LECs). FAK signaling blockade by NSC 667249 (a FAK inhibitor) attenuated IL-6-induced VEGF-C expression and VEGF-C promoter-luciferase activities. IL-6’s enhancing effects of increasing FAK, ERK1/2, p38MAPK, C/EBPβ, p65 and STAT3 phosphorylation as well as C/EBPβ-, κB- and STAT3-luciferase activities were reduced in the presence of NSC 667249. STAT3 knockdown by STAT3 siRNA abrogated IL-6’s actions in elevating VEGF-C mRNA and protein levels. Moreover, Src-FAK signaling blockade ...
Source: PLoS One - July 5, 2016 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Yu-Han Huang Source Type: research
FGF2 Stimulates COUP-TFII Expression via the MEK1/2 Pathway to Inhibit Osteoblast Differentiation in C3H10T1/2 Cells
This report is the first to suggest that FGF2 is an extracellular inducer of COUP-TFII expression and may suppress the osteogenic potential of mesenchymal cells by inducing COUP-TFII expression prior to the onset of osteogenic differentiation.
Source: PLoS One - July 11, 2016 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Mi Nam Lee Source Type: research
Formation of Tankyrase Inhibitor-Induced Degradasomes Requires Proteasome Activity
by Nina Marie Pedersen, Tor Espen Thorvaldsen, Sebastian Wolfgang Schultz, Eva Maria Wenzel, Harald Stenmark
In canonical Wnt signaling, the protein levels of the key signaling mediator β-catenin are under tight regulation by the multimeric destruction complex that mediates proteasomal degradation of β-catenin. In colorectal cancer, destruction complex activity is often compromised due to mutations in the multifunctional scaffolding protein Adenomatous Polyposis Coli (APC), leading to a stabilization of β-catenin. Recently, tankyrase inhibitors (TNKSi), a novel class of small molecule inhibitors, were shown to re-estab...
Source: PLoS One - August 1, 2016 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Nina Marie Pedersen Source Type: research
Modified AS1411 Aptamer Suppresses Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Up-Regulating Galectin-14
by Yuri Cho, Yun Bin Lee, Jeong-Hoon Lee, Dong Hyeon Lee, Eun Ju Cho, Su Jong Yu, Yoon Jun Kim, Jong In Kim, Jong Hun Im, Jung Hwan Lee, Eun Ju Oh, Jung-Hwan Yoon
Aptamers are small synthetic oligonucleotides that bind to target proteins with high specificity and affinity. AS1411 is an aptamer that binds to nucleolin, which is overexpressed in the cytoplasm and occurs on the surface of cancer cells. We investigated the therapeutic potential of aptamers in h epatocellular carcinoma (HCC) by evaluating anti-tumor effects and confirming the affinity and specificity of AS1411- and modified AS1411-aptamers in HCC cells. Cell g...
Source: PLoS One - August 4, 2016 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Yuri Cho Source Type: research
The Hippo/MST Pathway Member SAV1 Plays a Suppressive Role in Development of the Prehierarchical Follicles in Hen Ovary
by Zhichao Lyu, Ning Qin, Thobela Louis Tyasi, Hongyan Zhu, Dehui Liu, Shuguo Yuan, Rifu Xu
The Hippo/MST signaling pathway is a critical player in controlling cell proliferation, self-renewal, differentiation, and apoptosis of most tissues and organs in diverse species. Previous studies have shown that Salvador homolog 1 (SAV1), a scaffolding protein which functions in the signaling sys tem is expressed in mammalian ovaries and play a vital role in governing the follicle development. But the exact biological effects of chicken SAV1 in prehierarchical follicle development remain poorly understood. In the present study, we...
Source: PLoS One - August 8, 2016 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Zhichao Lyu Source Type: research
