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Source: Journal of Molecular Neuroscience
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Total 63 results found since Jan 2013.
Induction of SPARC on Oxidative Stress, Inflammatory Phenotype Transformation, and Apoptosis of Human Brain Smooth Muscle Cells Via TGF- β1-NOX4 Pathway
AbstractSecreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC) has a close association with inflammatory response and oxidative stress in tissues and is widely expressed in intracranial aneurysms (IAs), especially in smooth muscle cells. Therefore, it is inferred that SPARC might be involved in the formation and development of IAs through the inflammatory response pathway or oxidative stress pathway. The aim of this study is to investigate the pathological mechanism of SPARC in oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis during the formation of IAs, as well as the involvement of TGF- β1 and NOX4 molecules. Human brain vas...
Source: Journal of Molecular Neuroscience - June 2, 2020 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Knockdown of MCM10 Gene Impairs Glioblastoma Cell Proliferation, Migration and Invasion and the Implications for the Regulation of Tumorigenesis
AbstractMinichromosome maintenance 10 (MCM10) plays an important role in DNA replication and is expressed in a variety of tumors, including glioma. However, its role and mechanism in glioma remain elusive. The purpose of this study was to examine the molecular function of MCM10 in glioblastoma cell lines in vitro and to further investigate the molecular mechanisms in the network mediated by MCM10. Cell proliferation, invasion, and migration were investigated in the absence of MCM10 mediated by RNA interference (RNAi) in U87 and U251 cell lines. Microarray data were obtained from U87 cells infected with a lentivirus express...
Source: Journal of Molecular Neuroscience - February 5, 2020 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Role of Metallothionein-1 and Metallothionein-2 in the Neuroprotective Mechanism of Sevoflurane Preconditioning in Mice
This study investigated the protective effects and mechanisms of sevoflurane preconditioning (SPC) on neurons in ischemic mice. After SPC, mice were subjected to middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). Cerebral infarction area, cell apoptosis, and metallothionein-1 (MT-1) and metallothionein-2 (MT-2) expressions in MCAO mice were analyzed. Mouse primary neurons were isolated and cultured to determine the location of metallothioneins (MTs) using immunofluorescence. Neurons transfected with MT-siRNA, exogenous MTs, or sh-MTF-1 were subjected to SPC and/or oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD), and MT-1/MT-2 expression and neurot...
Source: Journal of Molecular Neuroscience - January 16, 2020 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
MicroRNA-326 Inhibits Apoptosis and Promotes Proliferation of Dopaminergic Neurons in Parkinson ’s Disease Through Suppression of KLK7-Mediated MAPK Signaling Pathway
AbstractParkinson ’s disease (PD), one of the motor system disorders, is characterized by the loss of dopamine-producing brain cells. Accumulating evidence has highlighted the involvement of microRNAs (miRs) in the development and progression of PD. Hence, we aimed at exploring possible effects of miR-326 on the pr ogression of PD in mice in an attempt to elucidate the underlying mechanism associated with the kallikrein-related peptidase 7 (KLK7)–mediated mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway. In order to identify the regulatory relationship between miR-326 and KLK7 and its biological sig nificance ...
Source: Journal of Molecular Neuroscience - July 2, 2019 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Effects of NLRP6 in Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion (I/R) Injury in Rats
AbstractThe NOD-like receptor protein 6 (NLRP6), an intracytoplasmic pattern recognition receptor in the nucleotide-binding domain, leucine-rich repeat-containing (NLR) innate immune receptor family, influences the inflammation reaction. The role of NLRP6 in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury in rats is unclear. We explore the function of NLRP6 in cerebral I/R injury. The investigators used a middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion model (MCAO) to imitate ischemic injury. We found the peak expression of NLRP6 is in 48-h post-cerebral I/R injury. The expression of NLRP6 siRNA, as well as the expression of prote...
Source: Journal of Molecular Neuroscience - July 1, 2019 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Oxygen-Glucose Deprivation/Reoxygenation Induces Human Brain Microvascular Endothelial Cell Hyperpermeability Via VE-Cadherin Internalization: Roles of RhoA/ROCK2
In conclusion, the present study provides evidence that OGD/R may induce HBMEC monolayer hyperpermeability via RhoA/ROCK2-mediated VE-cadherin internalization, which may provide an impetus for the development of therapeutics targeting BBB damage in ischemic stroke.
Source: Journal of Molecular Neuroscience - June 10, 2019 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Nrf2 Mediates the Anti-apoptotic and Anti-inflammatory Effects Induced by Gastrodin in Hydrogen Peroxide –Treated SH-SY5Y Cells
AbstractRedox impairment, inflammation, and increased rates of cell death are central players during neurodegeneration. In that context, activation of the transcription factor nuclear factor erythroid 2 –related factor 2 (Nrf2) has been viewed as an interesting strategy in order to reduce the impact of redox dysfunction and neuroinflammation on cell fate. There is evidence indicating that the benefits caused by natural products in the brain may be due to the ability of these agents in upregulatin g Nrf2. Gastrodin (GAS) induces anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic actions in brain cells. Nonetheless, the m...
Source: Journal of Molecular Neuroscience - May 26, 2019 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Knockdown siRNA Targeting the Mitochondrial Sodium-Calcium Exchanger-1 Inhibits the Protective Effects of Two Cannabinoids Against Acute Paclitaxel Toxicity
AbstractTreatment with cannabidiol (CBD) or KLS-13019 (novel CBD analog), has previously been shown to prevent paclitaxel-induced mechanical allodynia in a mouse model of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN). The mechanism of action for CBD- and KLS-13019-mediated protection now has been explored with dissociated dorsal root ganglion (DRG) cultures using small interfering RNA (siRNA) to the mitochondrial Na+ Ca2+ exchanger-1 (mNCX-1). Treatment with this siRNA produced a 50 –55% decrease in the immunoreactive (IR) area for mNCX-1 in neuronal cell bodies and a 72–80% decrease in neuritic IR area as determin...
Source: Journal of Molecular Neuroscience - May 9, 2019 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Downregulation of AIF-2 Inhibits Proliferation, Migration, and Invasion of Human Glioma Cells via Mitochondrial Dysfunction
In conclusion, we found that AIF-2 plays a key role in promoting cell proliferation, invasion, and migration via regulating AIF-1-related mitochondrial cascades. Downregulation of the candidate oncogene AIF-2 might constitute a strategy to kill human glioma cells.
Source: Journal of Molecular Neuroscience - April 12, 2019 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Euxanthone Ameliorates Sevoflurane-Induced Neurotoxicity in Neonatal Mice
This study was designed to investigate whether euxanthone can confer neuroprotective activities against sevoflurane-induced neurotoxicity and to determine the associated molecular mechanisms. Neonatal Sprague-Dawley (male) rats were exposed to sevoflurane with or without euxanthone treatment. The behavioral data of rats were collected at P41 (the beginning of the adult stage). The hippocampal tissue was obtained following exposure to sevoflurane. The reactive oxygen species (ROS) level in the hippocampal tissue was determined by a commercial kit. The expression of apoptotic markers and inflammatory cytokines was determined...
Source: Journal of Molecular Neuroscience - March 29, 2019 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Inhibition of MSK1 Promotes Inflammation and Apoptosis and Inhibits Functional Recovery After Spinal Cord Injury
In this study, we found that MSK1 is gradually decreased, starting 1 day after spinal cord injury and to its lowest level 3 days post-injury, after which it gradually increased. To further investigate the possible function of MSK1 in spinal cord injury, we interfered with its expression by utilizing a small interfering RNA (siRNA)-encoding lentivirus, which was in jected into the injured spinal cord to inhibit local expression. After MSK1 inhibition, we found that the expression of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-6, and IL-1β were increased. Moreover, the expression of IL-10 was decreased. In addition,...
Source: Journal of Molecular Neuroscience - March 26, 2019 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Tuftelin Is Required for NGF-Induced Differentiation of PC12 Cells
AbstractNerve growth factor (NGF) promotes pleiotropic gene transcription-dependent biological effects, in neuronal and non-neuronal cells, including survival, proliferation, differentiation, neuroprotection, pain, and angiogenesis. It is hypothesized that during odontogenesis, NGF may be implicated in morphogenetic and mineralization events by affecting proliferation and/or differentiation of dental cells. Tuftelin belongs to the enamel associated teeth proteins and is thought to play a role in enamel mineralization. We previously reported that tuftelin transcript and protein, which are ubiquitously expressed in various t...
Source: Journal of Molecular Neuroscience - March 20, 2019 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Curcumin Alleviates β Amyloid-Induced Neurotoxicity in HT22 Cells via Upregulating SOD2
In this study, the HT22 neuronal cells were exposed to Aβ to imitate neuronal injury in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). After 24-h treatment, 10 μM Aβ decreased cell viability and mitochondrial functions, including mitochondrial complex activities and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), and also downregulated anti-oxidants SOD2, glutathione (GSH), and catalase (CAT) levels (P < 0.05), meanwhile, increased lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) release, apoptosis level, intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and mitochondrial superoxide accumulation (P < 0.05). And, co-administration of 1 μM curcumin signific...
Source: Journal of Molecular Neuroscience - February 12, 2019 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Inhibition of BECN1 Suppresses Lipid Peroxidation by Increasing System X c − Activity in Early Brain Injury after Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
This study confirmed that SAH induced neurological deficits and brain edema, which was accompanied by the increase of BECN1 expression and lipid peroxidation, and the decrease of xCT expression and antioxidative capacity. However, downregulation of BECN1 by siRNA could decrease the formation of the BECN1 –xCT complex and lipid peroxidation, enhance antioxidative capacity, and ameliorate neurological deficits and brain edema in SAH rats. The results suggested that inhibition of BECN1 suppresses accumulation of lipid peroxidation by increasing system Xc− activity in EBI after SAH, and BECN1 may be a new effective target ...
Source: Journal of Molecular Neuroscience - February 4, 2019 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Role of PDGF-A-Activated ERK Signaling Mediated FAK-Paxillin Interaction in Oligodendrocyte Progenitor Cell Migration
AbstractOligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) originate from the sub-ventricular zone of the developing brain. They migrate and proliferate to occupy the white matter tracts of the central nervous system and transform into myelinating oligodendrocytes. Along their route of migration, OPCs are guided and controlled by several growth factors and chemokines. PDGF-A (platelet-derived growth factor), a growth factor, serves as a monogenic and mitogenic cue during the process and activates intracellular signaling pathways inside the cell. Activation of extracellular signal regulated kinase (ERK) signaling is one of the mechani...
Source: Journal of Molecular Neuroscience - January 16, 2019 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
