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Source: Stem Cells

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Total 47 results found since Jan 2013.

Correction of mutant p63 in EEC syndrome using siRNA mediated allele specific silencing restores defective stem cell function
This study demonstrates the phenotypic correction of mutant stem cells (OMESCs) in EEC syndrome by means of siRNA mediated allele‐specific silencing with restoration of function. The application of siRNA, alone or in combination with cell‐based therapies, offers a therapeutic strategy for corneal blindness in EEC syndrome. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Source: Stem Cells - February 17, 2016 Category: Stem Cells Authors: Vanessa Barbaro, Annamaria A. Nasti, Claudia Del Vecchio, Stefano Ferrari, Angelo Migliorati, Paolo Raffa, Vincenzo Lariccia, Patrizia Nespeca, Mariangela Biasolo, Colin E. Willoughby, Diego Ponzin, Giorgio Palù, Cristina Parolin, Enzo Di Iorio Tags: Regenerative Medicine Source Type: research

Correction of Mutant p63 in EEC Syndrome Using siRNA Mediated Allele‐Specific Silencing Restores Defective Stem Cell Function
This study demonstrates the phenotypic correction of mutant stem cells (OMESCs) in EEC syndrome by means of siRNA mediated AS silencing with restoration of function. The application of siRNA, alone or in combination with cell‐based therapies, offers a therapeutic strategy for corneal blindness in EEC syndrome. Stem Cells 2016; 00:000—000
Source: Stem Cells - March 16, 2016 Category: Stem Cells Authors: Vanessa Barbaro, Annamaria A. Nasti, Claudia Vecchio, Stefano Ferrari, Angelo Migliorati, Paolo Raffa, Vincenzo Lariccia, Patrizia Nespeca, Mariangela Biasolo, Colin E. Willoughby, Diego Ponzin, Giorgio Palù, Cristina Parolin, Enzo Iorio Tags: Regenerative Medicine Source Type: research

Morphine Modulates Mouse Hippocampal Progenitor Cell Lineages by Upregulating miR‐181a Level
Abstract The mechanism by which addictive drugs such as morphine regulate adult neurogenesis remains elusive. We now demonstrate that morphine can regulate neurogenesis by control of miR‐181a and subsequent hippocampal neural progenitor cell (hNPC) lineages. In the presence of morphine, hNPCs preferentially differentiated into astrocytes, an effect blocked by the specific μ‐opioid receptor antagonist, Cys2‐Tyr3‐Orn5‐Pen7‐amide. This effect was mediated by the Prox1/Notch1 pathway as demonstrated by an increase in Notch1 level in the morphine‐ but not fentanyl‐treated hNPCs and blocked by overexpression of ...
Source: Stem Cells - October 14, 2014 Category: Stem Cells Authors: Chi Xu, Yue Zhang, Hui Zheng, Horace H. Loh, Ping‐Yee Law Tags: Tissue‐Specific Stem Cells Source Type: research

P2X7 Receptors mediate Innate phagocytosis by Human Neural Precursor Cells and Neuroblasts
ABSTRACT During early human neurogenesis there is overproduction of neuroblasts and neurons accompanied by widespread programmed cell death (PCD). Whilst it is understood that CD68+ microglia and astrocytes mediate phagocytosis during target‐dependent PCD, little is known of the cell identity or the scavenger molecules utilized to remove apoptotic corpses during the earliest stages of human neurogenesis. Using a combination of multiple‐marker immunohistochemical staining, functional blocking antibodies and antagonists, we showed that human neural precursor cells (hNPCs) and neuroblasts express functional P2X7 receptors...
Source: Stem Cells - October 21, 2014 Category: Stem Cells Authors: Michael D. Lovelace, Ben J. Gu, Steven S. Eamegdool, Michael W. Weible, James S. Wiley, David G. Allen, Tailoi Chan‐Ling Tags: Tissue‐specific stem cells Source Type: research

Autotaxin‐LPA Axis regulates hMSC migration by adherent junction disruption and cytoskeletal rearrangement via LPAR1/3‐dependent PKC/GSK3β/ β‐catenin and PKC/Rho GTPase pathways
In conclusion, ATX/LPA stimulates the migration of hMSCs through LPAR 1/3‐dependent E‐cadherin reduction and cytoskeletal rearrangement via PKC/GSK3β/β‐catenin and PKC/Rho GTPase pathways. Stem Cells 2014
Source: Stem Cells - November 6, 2014 Category: Stem Cells Authors: Jung Min Ryu, Ho Jae Han Tags: Regenerative Medicine Source Type: research

High throughput differentiation and screening of a library of mutant stem cell clones defines new host‐based genes involved in rabies virus infection
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Source: Stem Cells - March 5, 2015 Category: Stem Cells Authors: Deeann Wallis, Kimberly Loesch, Stacy Galaviz, Qingan Sun, Michael DeJesus, Thomas Ioerger, James C. Sacchettini Tags: Stem Cell Technology: Epigenetics, Genomics, Proteomics and Metabonomics Source Type: research

High‐Throughput Differentiation and Screening of a Library of Mutant Stem Cell Clones Defines New Host‐Based Genes Involved in Rabies Virus Infection
Abstract We used a genomic library of mutant murine embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and report the methodology required to simultaneously culture, differentiate, and screen more than 3,200 heterozygous mutant clones to identify host‐based genes involved in both sensitivity and resistance to rabies virus infection. Established neuronal differentiation protocols were miniaturized such that many clones could be handled simultaneously, and molecular markers were used to show that the resultant cultures were pan‐neuronal. Next, we used a green fluorescent protein (GFP) labeled rabies virus to develop, validate, and implement on...
Source: Stem Cells - May 12, 2015 Category: Stem Cells Authors: Deeann Wallis, Kimberly Loesch, Stacy Galaviz, Qingan Sun, Michael DeJesus, Thomas Ioerger, James C. Sacchettini Tags: Stem Cell Technology: Epigenetics, Genomics, Proteomics and Metabonomics Source Type: research

Chemical activation of the Piezo1 channel drives mesenchymal stem cell migration via inducing ATP release and activation of P2 receptor purinergic signalling
In this study, we show the expression of the Ca2+‐permeable Piezo1 channel, a newly‐discovered mechanosensing mechanism, in human dental pulp‐derived MSC and its important role in the regulation of MSC migration. We further demonstrate that activation of the Piezo1 channel stimulates MSC migration via inducing ATP release and subsequent acti vation of P2 receptor purinergic signaling. Our study thus provide novel insights into the mechanisms regulating MSC migration. Such information is useful for gaining a better understanding of MSC migration and designing strategies to improve applications of MSC in tissue enginee...
Source: Stem Cells - November 18, 2019 Category: Stem Cells Authors: Fatema Mousawi, Hongsen Peng, Jing Li, Ponnambalam Sreenivasan, Sebastian Roger, Hucheng Zhao, Xuebin Yang, Lin ‐Hua Jiang Tags: Tissue ‐Specific Stem Cells Source Type: research

TGF ‐β secreted by human umbilical cord blood‐derived mesenchymal stem cells ameliorates atopic dermatitis by inhibiting secretion of TNF‐α and IgE
This study investigated the role of transforming growth factor‐beta (TGF‐β) in the therapeutic effect of hUCB‐MSCs on AD. Small interfering RNA (siRNA)‐ mediated depletion of TGF‐β disrupted the therapeutic effect of hUCB‐MSCs in a mouse model of AD by attenuating the beneficial changes in histopathology, mast cell infiltration, tumor necrosis factor ‐alpha (TNF ‐α) expression, and the serum IgE level. To confirm that hUCB‐MSCs regulate secretion of TNF‐α, we investigated whether they inhibit TNF‐α secretion by activated LAD2 cells. Coculture with hUCB‐MSCs significantly inhibited secretion of ...
Source: Stem Cells - April 10, 2020 Category: Stem Cells Authors: Hwanhee Park, Seunghee Lee, Yeonsil Yu, SaeMi Yoo, Song Yi Baek, Namhee Jung, Kwang ‐Won Seo, Kyung‐Sun Kang Tags: Translational and Clinical Research Source Type: research

Canonical Notch Signaling is Required for Bone Morphogenetic Protein ‐mediated Human Osteoblast Differentiation
BMP stimulation of bone ‐marrow derived human mesenchymal progenitor cells (hMSCs) increases Notch proteins via increased Notch ligand Jagged1 expression. Canonical Notch signaling is required for BMPinduced ALPL expression and osteoblastic commitment of hMSCs. Both BMP‐induced osteoblastogenesis and Notch‐induced os teoblastogenesis require Runx2. AbstractOsteoblast differentiation of bone ‐marrow derived human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSC) can be induced by stimulation with either canonical Notch ligand, Jagged1, or bone morphogenetic proteins (BMP). However, it remains elusive how these two pathways lead to the ...
Source: Stem Cells - June 13, 2020 Category: Stem Cells Authors: Yadav Wagley, Alessandra Chesi, Parker K. Acevedo, Sumei Lu, Andrew D. Wells, Matthew E. Johnson, Struan F. A. Grant, Kurt D. Hankenson Tags: Tissue ‐Specific Stem Cells Source Type: research

Canonical Notch signaling is required for bone morphogenetic protein ‐mediated human osteoblast differentiation
Bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) stimulation of bone ‐marrow‐derived human mesenchymal progenitor cells (hMSCs) increases Notch proteins via increased Notch ligand Jagged1 expression. Canonical Notch signaling is required for BMP‐induced ALPL expression and osteoblastic commitment of hMSCs. Both BMP‐induced osteoblastogenesis and Notch‐induc ed osteoblastogenesis require Runx2. AbstractOsteoblast differentiation of bone ‐marrow‐derived human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSC) can be induced by stimulation with canonical Notch ligand, Jagged1, or bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs). However, it remains elusive how t...
Source: Stem Cells - June 23, 2020 Category: Stem Cells Authors: Yadav Wagley, Alessandra Chesi, Parker K. Acevedo, Sumei Lu, Andrew D. Wells, Matthew E. Johnson, Struan F. A. Grant, Kurt D. Hankenson Tags: Tissue ‐Specific Stem Cells Source Type: research

High ‐mobility group AT‐Hook 1 mediates the role of nuclear factor I/X in osteogenic differentiation through activating canonical Wnt signaling
This study suggests that HMGA1 plays a role in osteoblast commitment and mediates the function of NFIX through transcriptionally activating canonical Wnt signaling.© AlphaMed Press 2021Significance StatementBone homeostasis depends largely on the number and function of osteoblasts. Osteoblasts and adipocytes are both derived from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, and a competitive relationship exists between adipogenesis and osteogenesis. We have identified a novel nuclear factor I/X (NFIX)-high-mobility group AT-Hook 1 (HMGA1)-wingless-type MMTV integration site (Wnt)/ β-catenin regulatory axis that governs the cell f...
Source: Stem Cells - May 24, 2021 Category: Stem Cells Authors: Xiaowen Wu, Xiaochen Wang, Liying Shan, Jie Zhou, Xin Zhang, Endong Zhu, Hairui Yuan, Baoli Wang Tags: Tissue ‐Specific Stem Cells Source Type: research

Focal adhesion kinase and wnt signalling regulates human ductal carcinoma in situ stem cell activity and response to radiotherapy
Abstract Cancer stem cells (CSCs) can avoid or efficiently repair DNA damage from radio and chemotherapy, which suggests they play a role in disease recurrence. 20% of patients treated with surgery and radiotherapy for ductal carcinoma in Situ (DCIS) of the breast recur and our previous data shows that high grade DCIS have increased numbers of CSCs. Here, we investigate the role of Focal Adhesion Kinase (FAK) and Wnt pathways in DCIS stem cells and their capacity to survive irradiation. Using DCIS cell lines and patient samples we demonstrate that CSC‐enriched populations are relatively radioresistant and possess high FA...
Source: Stem Cells - September 3, 2014 Category: Stem Cells Authors: Kathryn E Williams, Nigel J Bundred, Göran Landberg, Robert B Clarke, Gillian Farnie Tags: Original Research Source Type: research