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Cadmium induces placental glucocorticoid barrier damage by suppressing the cAMP/PKA/Sp1 pathway and the protective role of taurine
Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2022 Feb 24:115938. doi: 10.1016/j.taap.2022.115938. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTCadmium (Cd) exposure during pregnancy damages the placental glucocorticoid (GC) barrier, exposes the foetus to excess corticosterone (CORT) levels, and eventually inhibits foetal development. In addition, taurine (Tau) alleviates the toxicity of Cd on liver and kidney, but limited data are available on the role of Tau against the toxicity of heavy metals on female reproduction and fetal development. The present study was conducted to investigate the specific mechanism of Cd-induced placental GC barrier damage and the...
Source: Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology - February 27, 2022 Category: Toxicology Authors: Na Chen Xia Tong Sisi Wu Xu Xu Qihui Chen Fan Wang Source Type: research

cAMP/PKA/EGR1 signaling mediates the molecular mechanism of ethanol-induced inhibition of placental 11 β-HSD2 expression.
This study aimed to investigate the molecular mechanism of the prenatal ethanol exposure (PEE)-induced inhibition of placental 11β-HSD2 expression. Pregnant Wistar rats were intragastrically administered ethanol (4 g/kg d) from gestational days 9 to 20. The levels of maternal and fetal serum corticosterone and placental 11β-HSD2-related gene expression were analyzed. Furthermore, we investigated the mechanism of reduced placental 11β-HSD2 expression induced by ethanol treatment (15-60 mM) in HTR-8/SVneo cells. In vivo, PEE decreased fetal body weights and increased maternal and fetal serum corticosterone and early...
Source: Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology - May 23, 2018 Category: Toxicology Authors: Yu L, Zhou J, Zhang G, Huang W, Pei L, Lv F, Zhang Y, Zhang W, Wang H Tags: Toxicol Appl Pharmacol Source Type: research

nAChRs-ERK1/2-Egr-1 signaling participates in the developmental toxicity of nicotine by epigenetically down-regulating placental 11 β-HSD2.
This study aimed to elucidate the epigenetically regulatory mechanism of nicotine on placental 11β-HSD2 expression. Pregnant Wistar rats were administered 1.0 mg/kg nicotine subcutaneously twice a day from gestational day 9 to 20. The results showed that prenatal nicotine exposure increased corticosterone levels in the placenta and fetal serum, disrupted placental morphology and endocrine function, and reduced fetal bodyweight. Meanwhile, histone modification abnormalities (decreased acetylation and increased di-methylation of histone 3 Lysine 9) on the HSD11B2 promoter and lower-expression of 11β-HSD2 were observed. F...
Source: Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology - February 24, 2018 Category: Toxicology Authors: Zhou J, Liu F, Yu L, Xu D, Li B, Zhang G, Huang W, Li L, Zhang Y, Zhang W, Wang H Tags: Toxicol Appl Pharmacol Source Type: research