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Identification and validation of metformin protects against PM2.5-induced macrophages cytotoxicity by targeting toll like receptor pathway.
Abstract Fine particle matter (PM2.5) has been extensively reported to contribute to the pathogenesis of pulmonary diseases. Recently, metformin has been reported to attenuate PM2.5 associated respiratory and cardiovascular injury, but the underling mechanism has not been discovered. Here, we performed comprehensively bioinformatics analysis and fully validation experiment to investigate the protection role of metformin and underling mechanism with RNAseq profile in GEO database. A combination of various bioinformatics tools including edgeR, principal component analysis (PCA), K-Means clustering, Gene Set Enrichme...
Source: Chemosphere - May 25, 2020 Category: Chemistry Authors: Shi Y, Batibawa JW, Maiga M, Sun B, Li Y, Duan J, Sun Z Tags: Chemosphere Source Type: research

Impact of AMPK on Glucosylceramide Metabolism Glycobiology and Extracellular Matrices
The membrane glycolipid glucosylceramide (GlcCer) plays a critical role in cellular homeostasis. Its intracellular levels are thought to be tightly regulated. How cells regulate GlcCer levels remains to be clarified. AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), which is a crucial cellular energy sensor, regulates glucose and lipid metabolism to maintain energy homeostasis. Here, we investigated whether AMPK affects GlcCer metabolism. AMPK activators (5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide 1-β-d-ribofuranoside and metformin) decreased intracellular GlcCer levels and synthase activity in mouse fibroblasts. AMPK inhibitors or AMPK siRNA rev...
Source: Journal of Biological Chemistry - July 16, 2015 Category: Chemistry Authors: Ishibashi, Y., Hirabayashi, Y. Tags: Lipids Source Type: research