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TR-FRET-Based Immunoassay to Measure Ataxin-2 as a Target Engagement Marker in Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 2
Mol Neurobiol. 2023 Mar 9. doi: 10.1007/s12035-023-03294-y. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTSpinocerebellar ataxia type 2 (SCA2) is an autosomal dominantly inherited neurodegenerative disease, which belongs to the trinucleotide repeat disease group with a CAG repeat expansion in exon 1 of the ATXN2 gene resulting in an ataxin-2 protein with an expanded polyglutamine (polyQ)-stretch. The disease is late manifesting leading to early death. Today, therapeutic interventions to cure the disease or even to decelerate disease progression are not available yet. Furthermore, primary readout parameter for disease progression and thera...
Source: Molecular Medicine - March 9, 2023 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Jessica Bux Nesli Ece Sen Isa-Maria Klink Stefan Hauser Matthis Synofzik Ludger Sch öls Georg Auburger Olaf Riess Jeannette H übener-Schmid Source Type: research

Inhibition of DNA ‑PK activity sensitizes A549 cells to X‑ray irradiation by inducing the ATM‑dependent DNA damage response.
In conclusion, inhibition of DNA‑PK activity increased the radiosensitivity of A549 cells to X‑ray irradiation. NU7026 treatment activated the ATM‑dependent DNA damage response and induced p73 apoptosis pathway. DNA‑PK inhibitor may be an effective constituent of radiosensitization products. DNA damage repair pathway could be a potential target for radiosensitization. PMID: 29620203 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Molecular Medicine Reports - April 6, 2018 Category: Molecular Biology Tags: Mol Med Rep Source Type: research

Neurotoxic mechanisms by which the USP14 inhibitor IU1 depletes ubiquitinated proteins and Tau in rat cerebral cortical neurons: relevance to Alzheimer's disease
In conclusion, pharmacologically inhibiting (with low or high IU1 concentrations) or genetically down-regulating USP14 fail to enhance proteasomal degradation of Ub-proteins or Tau in neurons. Graphical abstract
Source: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) Molecular Basis of Disease - April 1, 2017 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research

Phenotypic Screening for Friedreich Ataxia Using Random shRNA Selection
Friedreich ataxia (FRDA) is an autosomal recessive neuro- and cardio-degenerative disorder for which there are no proven effective treatments. FRDA is caused by decreased expression and/or function of the protein frataxin. Frataxin chaperones iron in the mitochondrial matrix and regulates the iron–sulfur cluster (ISC) assembly complex. ISCs are prosthetic groups critical for the function of the Krebs cycle and the mitochondrial electron transport chain. Decreased expression of frataxin is associated with decreased ISC assembly, mitochondrial iron accumulation, and increased oxidative stress, all of which contribute t...
Source: Journal of Biomolecular Screening - September 18, 2015 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Cotticelli, M. G., Acquaviva, F., Xia, S., Kaur, A., Wang, Y., Wilson, R. B. Tags: Original Research Source Type: research

Genome-Engineering Tools to Establish Accurate Reporter Cell Lines That Enable Identification of Therapeutic Strategies to Treat Friedreich's Ataxia
Friedreich’s ataxia is a neurodegenerative disease caused by deficiency of the mitochondrial protein frataxin. This deficiency results from expansion of a trinucleotide repeat in the first intron of the frataxin gene. Because this repeat expansion resides in an intron and hence does not alter the amino acid sequence of the frataxin protein, gene reactivation could be of therapeutic benefit. High-throughput screening for frataxin activators has so far met with limited success because current cellular models may not accurately assess endogenous frataxin gene regulation. Here we report the design and validation of genom...
Source: Journal of Biomolecular Screening - June 19, 2015 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Villasenor, R., Miraglia, L., Romero, A., Tu, B., Punga, T., Knuckles, P., Duss, S., Orth, T., Buhler, M. Tags: Original Research Source Type: research

MutL homolog 1 contributes to temozolomide-induced autophagy via ataxia-telangiectasia mutated in glioma.
Abstract In the present study, mutL homolog 1 (MLH1) small interfering (si)RNA, KU‑55933, an ataxia‑telangiectasia mutated (ATM) inhibitor, and compound C, an adenosine monophosphate‑activated protein kinase (AMPK) inhibitor, were used to investigate the mechanisms underlying temozolomide (TMZ)‑induced autophagy and to determine the role of MLH1 and ATM in autophagy. MLH1 siRNA and KU‑55933 inhibited the phosphorylation of AMPK and ULK1 and reduced the levels of autophagy. MLH1 siRNA inhibited the phosphorylation of ATM and attenuated TMZ cytotoxicity, whereas the inhibition of ATM‑AMPK augmented TM...
Source: Molecular Medicine - February 3, 2015 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Zou Y, Wang Q, Wang W Tags: Mol Med Rep Source Type: research