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Infectious Disease: Borrelia
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Total 23 results found since Jan 2013.
Prevalence and distribution of Borrelia and Babesia species in ticks feeding on dogs in the U.K.
Medical and Veterinary Entomology,Volume 32, Issue 1, Page 14-22, March 2018.
Source: Medical and Veterinary Entomology - August 28, 2017 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research
Tick-borne infections of animals and humans: a common ground.
Abstract
A wide variety of pathogens is transmitted from ticks to vertebrates including viruses, bacteria, protozoa and helminths. of which most have a life cycle that requires passage through the vertebrate host. Tick-borne infections of humans, farm and companion animals are essentially associated with wildlife animal reservoirs. While some flying insect-borne diseases of humans such as malaria, filariasis and Kala Azar caused by Leishmania donovani target people as their main host, major tick-borne infections of humans, although potentially causing disease in large numbers of individuals, are typically an infri...
Source: International Journal for Parasitology - May 15, 2014 Category: Parasitology Authors: Baneth G Tags: Int J Parasitol Source Type: research
Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato and co‐infections with Anaplasma phagocytophilum and Rickettsia spp. in Ixodes ricinus in Hamburg, Germany
Abstract
To obtain initial data on Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (Spirochaetales: Spirochaetaceae) in Ixodes ricinus (Ixodida: Ixodidae) ticks in Hamburg, Germany, 1400 questing ticks were collected by flagging at 10 different public recreation areas in 2011 and analysed using probe‐based quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction. The overall rate of infection with B. burgdorferi s.l. was 34.1%; 30.0% of adults were infected (36.7% of females and 26.0% of males), as were 34.5% of nymphs. Significant differences in tick infection rates were observed between the spring and summer/autumn months, as well as amon...
Source: Medical and Veterinary Entomology - June 1, 2015 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: K. MAY, D. JORDAN, V. FINGERLE, C. STRUBE Tags: Short Communication Source Type: research
Tick abundances in South London parks and the potential risk for Lyme borreliosis to the general public
Abstract
Tick abundances and prevalences of infection with Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, the causative agent of Lyme disease, were investigated in four South London parks. A total of 360 transects were sampled using three methods of collection (blanket, leggings and flags) simultaneously. No ticks were found on Wimbledon Common or at Hampton Court, but 1118 Ixodes ricinus (Ixodida: Ixodidae) ticks were collected at Richmond and Bushy Parks. At Richmond Park, lower canopy humidity [odds ratio (OR) 0.94; P = 0.005], increased mat depth (OR 1.15; P < 0.001) and increased soil moisture (OR 1.40; P = 0.001) predicted the ...
Source: Medical and Veterinary Entomology - September 1, 2015 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: C. NELSON, S. BANKS, C. L. JEFFRIES, T. WALKER, J. G. LOGAN Tags: Short Communication Source Type: research
Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato and co‐infections with Anaplasma phagocytophilum and Rickettsia spp. in Ixodes ricinus in Hamburg, Germany
Abstract
To obtain initial data on Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (Spirochaetales: Spirochaetaceae) in Ixodes ricinus (Ixodida: Ixodidae) ticks in Hamburg, Germany, 1400 questing ticks were collected by flagging at 10 different public recreation areas in 2011 and analysed using probe‐based quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction. The overall rate of infection with B. burgdorferi s.l. was 34.1%; 30.0% of adults were infected (36.7% of females and 26.0% of males), as were 34.5% of nymphs. Significant differences in tick infection rates were observed between the spring and summer/autumn months, as well as among ...
Source: Medical and Veterinary Entomology - June 19, 2015 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: K. MAY, D. JORDAN, V. FINGERLE, C. STRUBE Tags: Short Communication Source Type: research
Vector-Borne Diseases in Stray Dogs in Peninsular Malaysia and Molecular Detection of Anaplasma and Ehrlichia spp. from Rhipicephalus sanguineus (Acari: Ixodidae) Ticks
This study was designed to determine the occurrence of vector-borne pathogens in Malaysian stray dogs using serological and molecular approaches. In total, 48 dog blood samples were subjected to serological analysis using SNAP 4Dx kit (IDEXX Laboratories, Westbrook, ME). The presence of Ehrlichia and Anaplasma DNA in the dog blood samples and Rhipicephalus sanguineus (Latreille) ticks was detected using nested polymerase chain reaction assays. Positive serological findings against Ehrlichia canis and Anaplasma phagocytophilum were obtained in 17 (39.5%) and four (9.3%) of 43 dog samples, respectively. None of the dog blood...
Source: Journal of Medical Entomology - January 12, 2016 Category: Biology Authors: Koh, F. X., Panchadcharam, C., Tay, S. T. Tags: Vector-Borne Diseases, Surveillance, Prevention Source Type: research
Distribution and Habitat of Ixodes pacificus (Acari: Ixodidae) and Prevalence of Borrelia burgdorferi in Utah
Knowledge about the distribution and abundance of the western black-legged tick, Ixodes pacificus Cooley and Kohls, in Utah is limited. Recent concerns over tick-borne diseases in Utah, primarily Lyme disease, have reinvigorated the need to understand the distribution and habitats favored by this tick species. We surveyed 157 sites throughout Utah to examine the distribution, abundance, and habitat of I. pacificus. In total, 343 adult ticks were collected from 2011 to 2013. Specifically, 119 I. pacificus, 217 Dermacentor andersoni Stiles, six D. albipictus Packard, and one D. hunteri Bishopp were collected. Overall, tick a...
Source: Journal of Medical Entomology - November 5, 2015 Category: Biology Authors: Davis, R. S., Ramirez, R. A., Anderson, J. L., Bernhardt, S. A. Tags: Short Communications Source Type: research
American Black Bears as Hosts of Blacklegged Ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) in the Northeastern United States
Ticks and whole blood were collected from American black bears (Ursus americanus Pallas) between October 2011 and October 2012 across four counties in northwestern New Jersey, an area where blacklegged ticks (Ixodes scapularis Say) and their associated tick-borne pathogens are prevalent. Adult American dog ticks (Dermacentor variabilis Say) were the most frequently collected tick species in late spring, whereas adult and nymphal blacklegged ticks were found in both the late spring and fall months. Additionally, for blacklegged ticks, we determined the quality of bloodmeals that females acquired from black bears compared wi...
Source: Journal of Medical Entomology - September 11, 2015 Category: Biology Authors: Zolnik, C. P., Makkay, A. M., Falco, R. C., Daniels, T. J. Tags: Vector/Pathogen/Host Interaction, Transmission Source Type: research
Linkages of Weather and Climate With Ixodes scapularis and Ixodes pacificus (Acari: Ixodidae), Enzootic Transmission of Borrelia burgdorferi, and Lyme Disease in North America
Lyme disease has increased both in incidence and geographic extent in the United States and Canada over the past two decades. One of the underlying causes is changes during the same time period in the distribution and abundance of the primary vectors: Ixodes scapularis Say and Ixodes pacificus Cooley and Kohls in eastern and western North America, respectively. Aside from short periods of time when they are feeding on hosts, these ticks exist in the environment where temperature and relative humidity directly affect their development, survival, and host-seeking behavior. Other important factors that strongly influence tick...
Source: Journal of Medical Entomology - March 8, 2016 Category: Biology Authors: Eisen, R. J., Eisen, L., Ogden, N. H., Beard, C. B. Tags: Forum Source Type: research
County-Scale Distribution of Ixodes scapularis and Ixodes pacificus (Acari: Ixodidae) in the Continental United States
The blacklegged tick, Ixodes scapularis Say, is the primary vector to humans in the eastern United States of the Lyme disease spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi, as well as causative agents of anaplasmosis and babesiosis. Its close relative in the far western United States, the western blacklegged tick Ixodes pacificus Cooley and Kohls, is the primary vector to humans in that region of the Lyme disease and anaplasmosis agents. Since 1991, when standardized surveillance and reporting began, Lyme disease case counts have increased steadily in number and in geographical distribution in the eastern United States. Similar trends h...
Source: Journal of Medical Entomology - March 8, 2016 Category: Biology Authors: Eisen, R. J., Eisen, L., Beard, C. B. Tags: Sampling, Distribution, Dispersal Source Type: research
Infection of Immature Ixodes scapularis (Acari: Ixodidae) by Membrane Feeding
A reduction in the use of animals in infectious disease research is desirable for animal welfare as well as for simplification and standardization of experiments. An artificial silicone-based membrane-feeding system was adapted for complete engorgement of adult and nymphal Ixodes scapularis Say (Acari: Ixodidae), and for infecting nymphs with pathogenic, tick-borne bacteria. Six wild-type and genetically transformed strains of four species of bacteria were inoculated into sterile bovine blood and fed to ticks. Pathogens were consistently detected in replete nymphs by polymerase chain reaction. Adult ticks that ingested bac...
Source: Journal of Medical Entomology - March 8, 2016 Category: Biology Authors: Oliver, J. D., Lynn, G. E., Burkhardt, N. Y., Price, L. D., Nelson, C. M., Kurtti, T. J., Munderloh, U. G. Tags: Vector/Pathogen/Host Interaction, Transmission Source Type: research
Specifying Pathogen Associations of Amblyomma maculatum (Acari: Ixodidae) in Western Tennessee
The objective was to determine pathogen associations within questing and host-collected A. maculatum, and identify ecological factors associated with pathogen infection that may increase the effectiveness of surveillance methods. Of 265 ticks tested, 60 (22.6%) were infected with R. parkeri, and 15 (5.7%) with Candidatus Rickettsia andeanae, a Rickettsia of unknown pathogenicity. Two deer-collected ticks tested positive for Ehrlichia ewingii. No ticks were positive for Anaplasma or Borrelia species. None of the ecological factors tested (collection month, collection source, sex, and habitat type) were associated with R. pa...
Source: Journal of Medical Entomology - March 8, 2016 Category: Biology Authors: Mays, S. E., Houston, A. E., Trout Fryxell, R. T. Tags: Vector-Borne Diseases, Surveillance, Prevention Source Type: research
New Records of Ixodes affinis (Acari: Ixodidae) Parasitizing Avian Hosts in Southeastern Virginia
This study presents evidence of I. affinis parasitizing five new host passerine species. During 2012–2014, 1,888 birds were captured and examined for ticks, and 18 immature I. affinis were collected from 12 birds—six Carolina Wrens (Thyrothorus ludovicianus); two Brown Thrashers (Toxostoma rufum); and one American Robin (Turdus migratorius), Eastern Towhee (Pipilo erythrophthalmus), Northern Cardinal (Cardinalis cardinalis), and White-throated Sparrow (Zonotrichia albicollis). Of 15 larvae and 3 nymphs collected, one nymph tested positive for B. burgdorferi DNA. I. affinis was found co-feeding on birds with imm...
Source: Journal of Medical Entomology - March 8, 2016 Category: Biology Authors: Heller, E. L., Wright, C. L., Nadolny, R. M., Hynes, W. L., Gaff, H. D., Walters, E. L. Tags: Short Communication Source Type: research
An Expanded Reverse Line Blot Hybridization Protocol for the Simultaneous Detection of Numerous Tick-Borne Pathogens in North America
We describe an expanded protocol using a combination of multiplex polymerase chain reaction and reverse line blot hybridization to detect a greater diversity of infectious agents than were previously detectable. Ten novel oligonucleotide probes, either individually or in concert, enabled or enhanced identification of six Borrelia species, three Rickettsia species, and one Ehrlichia species. Simultaneous detection of these numerous tick-borne pathogens can advance surveillance efforts and improve accuracy of detection and, thus, reporting.
Source: Journal of Medical Entomology - May 19, 2016 Category: Biology Authors: Fredericks, L. P., Forgacs, D., Yu, J., Allan, B. F. Tags: Short Communication Source Type: research
Prevalence of Tick-Borne Pathogens in Host-Seeking Amblyomma americanum (Acari: Ixodidae) and Odocoileus virginianus (Artiodactyla: Cervidae) in Florida
Amblyomma americanum (L.), the lone star tick, is an aggressive tick that is expanding its geographic range within the United States. This tick is the vector for the human and veterinary pathogens Ehrlichia chaffeensis and Ehrlichia ewingii and is associated with other microbes of unspecified pathogenicity including Rickettsia amblyommii, Panola Mountain Ehrlichia, and Borrelia lonestari. In Florida, there has been sparse contemporary data on the prevalence of these organisms in host-seeking lone star ticks. To determine the prevalence of this tick and associated microbes in North Central Florida state parks, ~1,500 lone s...
Source: Journal of Medical Entomology - June 29, 2016 Category: Biology Authors: Sayler, K. A., Loftis, A. D., Beatty, S. K., Boyce, C. L., Garrison, E., Clemons, B., Cunningham, M., Alleman, A. R., Barbet, A. F. Tags: Vector-Borne Diseases, Surveillance, Prevention Source Type: research
