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A brainstem circuit for the expression of defensive facial reactions in rat
Curr Biol. 2023 Sep 5:S0960-9822(23)01120-X. doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2023.08.041. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe brainstem houses neuronal circuits that control homeostasis of vital functions. These include the depth and rate of breathing1,2 and, critically, apnea, a transient cessation of breathing that prevents noxious vapors from entering further into the respiratory tract. Current thinking is that this reflex is mediated by two sensory pathways. One known pathway involves vagal and glossopharyngeal afferents that project to the nucleus of the solitary tract.3,4,5 Yet, apnea induced by electrical stimulation of the nasal ...
Source: Current Biology - September 13, 2023 Category: Biology Authors: Amalia Callado P érez Maxime Demers Arash Fassihi Jeffrey D Moore David Kleinfeld Martin Desch ênes Source Type: research
Photosystems in the eye-like organelles of heterotrophic warnowiid dinoflagellates
Curr Biol. 2023 Sep 6:S0960-9822(23)01132-6. doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2023.08.052. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTWarnowiid dinoflagellates contain a highly complex camera-eye-like structure called the ocelloid that is composed of different organelles resembling parts of metazoan eyes, including a modified plastid that serves as the retinal body.1 The overall structure of the ocelloid has been investigated by microscopy; because warnowiids are not in culture and are rare in nature, we know little about their function.1,2 Here, we generate single-cell transcriptomes from 18 warnowiid cells collected directly from the marine enviro...
Source: Current Biology - September 13, 2023 Category: Biology Authors: Elizabeth C Cooney Corey C Holt Victoria K L Jacko-Reynolds Brian S Leander Patrick J Keeling Source Type: research
Selective encoding of reward predictions and prediction errors by globus pallidus subpopulations
Curr Biol. 2023 Sep 6:S0960-9822(23)01121-1. doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2023.08.042. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTBasal ganglia (BG) circuits help guide and invigorate actions using predictions of future rewards (values). Within the BG, the globus pallidus pars externa (GPe) may play an essential role in aggregating and distributing value information. We recorded from the GPe in unrestrained rats performing both Pavlovian and instrumental tasks to obtain rewards and distinguished neuronal subtypes by their firing properties across the wake/sleep cycle and optogenetic tagging. In both tasks, the parvalbumin-positive (PV+), faster-...
Source: Current Biology - September 13, 2023 Category: Biology Authors: Michael A Farries Thomas W Faust Ali Mohebi Joshua D Berke Source Type: research
Co-administration of L-Ascorbic Acid and α-Tocopherol Alleviates Arsenic-Induced Immunotoxicities in the Thymus and Spleen by Dwindling Oxidative Stress-Induced Inflammation
Biol Trace Elem Res. 2023 Sep 13. doi: 10.1007/s12011-023-03841-7. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTHerein, we investigated whether L-ascorbic acid (L-AA) and α-tocopherol (α-T) co-administration has the potential to alleviate arsenic-induced immunotoxicities in the thymus, spleen, and circulating leukocytes. Forty-eight adult male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups before the treatment: group I (control); group II (sodium arsenite, 3 mg/kg/day/rat); group III (sodium arsenite + L-AA (200 mg/kg/day/rat) and α-T (400 mg/kg/day/rat)); group IV (L-AA and α-T). The result showed that sodium arsenite exposure (...
Source: Biological Trace Element Research - September 13, 2023 Category: Biology Authors: Jeet Maity Priyankar Pal Ranjana Pal Prabir Kumar Mukhopadhyay Source Type: research
Selenium Ameliorates Acetaminophen-Induced Oxidative Stress via MAPK and Nrf2 Pathways in Mice
Biol Trace Elem Res. 2023 Sep 13. doi: 10.1007/s12011-023-03845-3. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTOverdose of acetaminophen (paracetamol), a widely used non-prescriptive analgesic and antipyretic medication, is one of the main causes of drug-induced acute liver failure around the world. Oxidative stress contributes to this hepatotoxicity. Antioxidants are known to protect the liver from oxidative stress. Selenium, a potent antioxidant, is a commonly used micronutrient. Here, we evaluated the protective effect of selenium on acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity. Treating Wistar albino mice with sodium selenite (1 mg/kg) befo...
Source: Biological Trace Element Research - September 13, 2023 Category: Biology Authors: Mylanayakanahosahalli Chandrashekar Indumathi Kamatam Swetha Kandahalli Venkataranganayaka Abhilasha Shiva Siddappa Shivamadhaiah Manjula Kumar Govinda Keerthi Prasad Chu-Huang Chen Gopal Kedihithlu Marathe Source Type: research
Pilot Monitoring of Lead in Umbilical Cord Blood of Newborns Associated With the Use of Glazed Ceramics from Guanajuato, Mexico
Biol Trace Elem Res. 2023 Sep 13. doi: 10.1007/s12011-023-03843-5. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe use of lead-glazed pottery for cooking and storing food, a widespread practice in Mexico, represents a risk of exposure to lead from the human intrauterine stage. Therefore, a pilot study was carried out by means of the measurement of lead in umbilical cord blood by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) including 69 newborns from the Mexican state capital of Guanajuato, Guanajuato City, where the use of glazed clay is still widespread. Lifestyle and sociodemographic data were collected by interviewing the pa...
Source: Biological Trace Element Research - September 13, 2023 Category: Biology Authors: Jorge Alejandro Alegr ía-Torres Diana Olivia Rocha-Amador Rebeca Yazm ín Pérez-Rodríguez Valeria Monserrat Rodr íguez-Felipe Mayra Cauich-D íaz Patricia Ponce-Noyola Leticia Carrizales-Y áñez Source Type: research
A biosemiotic interpretation of certain genital morphological structures in the spiders Dysdera erythrina and Dysdera crocata (Araneae: Dysderidae)
Theory Biosci. 2023 Sep 13. doi: 10.1007/s12064-023-00404-1. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTA biosemiotic approach to the interpretation of morphological data is apt to highlight morphological traits that have hitherto gone unnoticed for their crucial roles in intraspecific sign interpretation and communication processes. Examples of such traits include specific genital structures found in the haplogyne spiders Dysdera erythrina (Walckenaer 1802) and Dysdera crocata (Koch 1838). In both D. erythrina and D. crocata, the distal sclerite of the male bulb and the anterior diverticulum of the female endogyne exhibit a striking, ...
Source: Theory in Biosciences - September 13, 2023 Category: Biology Authors: Joachim Schult Onno Preik Stefan Kirschner Frank Friedrich Source Type: research
Kaempferol stimulation of autophagy regulates the ferroptosis under the oxidative stress as mediated with AMP-activated protein kinase
In conclusion, KP provides hepatoprotective effects against oxidative stress induced by AA + iron treatment in vitro and CCl4 treatment in vivo.PMID:37703935 | DOI:10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2023.09.008
Source: Free Radical Biology and Medicine - September 13, 2023 Category: Biology Authors: Min-Jin Kim Yu-Rim Song Young Eun Kim Su-Jin Bae Won-Yung Lee Seon-Been Bak Young Woo Kim Source Type: research
Anthropogenic disturbance driving population decline of a dominant tree in East Asia evergreen broadleaved forests over the last 11, 000 years
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.PMID:37700668 | DOI:10.1111/cobi.14180
Source: Conservation Biology - September 13, 2023 Category: Biology Authors: Sheng-Yuan Qin Zheng- Yu Zuo Shuang-Xiu Xu Jie Liu Feng-Mao Yang Ya-Huang Luo Jun-Wei Ye Yao Zhao Jun Rong Bing Liu Peng-Fei Ma De-Zhu Li Source Type: research
Usage and coordination of governance principles to address proximate and distal drivers of conflicts in fisheries commons
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.PMID:37700665 | DOI:10.1111/cobi.14178
Source: Conservation Biology - September 13, 2023 Category: Biology Authors: T R McClanahan Source Type: research
Impact on species' online attention when named after celebrities
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.PMID:37700661 | DOI:10.1111/cobi.14184
Source: Conservation Biology - September 13, 2023 Category: Biology Authors: Katie Blake Sean Anderson Adam Gleave Diogo Ver íssimo Source Type: research
Bottom-up global biodiversity metrics needed for businesses to assess and manage their impact
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.PMID:37700634 | DOI:10.1111/cobi.14183
Source: Conservation Biology - September 13, 2023 Category: Biology Authors: Frank Hawkins Craig R Beatty Thomas M Brooks Rebekah Church Wendy Elliott Edit Kiss Nicholas B W Macfarlane Juliette Pugliesi Aafke M Schipper Maria Walsh Source Type: research
On ability of perch to colonize new waterbodies < em > - < /em > indirect evidence and sticky facts. A Comment on: 'Multiple lines and levels of evidence for avian zoochory promoting fish colonization of artificial lakes' (2023), by Garcia < em > et al < /em >
Biol Lett. 2023 Sep;19(9):20230233. doi: 10.1098/rsbl.2023.0233. Epub 2023 Sep 13.NO ABSTRACTPMID:37700702 | PMC:PMC10498351 | DOI:10.1098/rsbl.2023.0233
Source: Biology Letters - September 13, 2023 Category: Biology Authors: Anti Vasem ägi Magnus Huss Anna G årdmark Mikhail Ozerov Source Type: research
No phylogenetic evidence for angiosperm mass extinction at the Cretaceous-Palaeogene (K-Pg) boundary
Biol Lett. 2023 Sep;19(9):20230314. doi: 10.1098/rsbl.2023.0314. Epub 2023 Sep 13.ABSTRACTThe Cretaceous-Palaeogene mass extinction event (K-Pg) witnessed upwards of 75% of animal species going extinct, most notably among these are the non-avian dinosaurs. A major question in macroevolution is whether this extinction event influenced the rise of flowering plants (angiosperms). The fossil record suggests that the K-Pg event had a strong regional impact on angiosperms with up to 75% species extinctions, but only had a minor impact on the extinction rates of major lineages (families and orders). Phylogenetic evidence for angi...
Source: Biology Letters - September 13, 2023 Category: Biology Authors: Jamie B Thompson Santiago Ram írez-Barahona Source Type: research
Preliminary evidence of an increased susceptibility to face pareidolia in postpartum women
Biol Lett. 2023 Sep;19(9):20230126. doi: 10.1098/rsbl.2023.0126. Epub 2023 Sep 13.ABSTRACTAs primates, we are hypersensitive to faces and face-like patterns in the visual environment, hence we often perceive illusory faces in otherwise inanimate objects, such as burnt pieces of toast and the surface of the moon. Although this phenomenon, known as face pareidolia, is a common experience, it is unknown whether our susceptibility to face pareidolia is static across our lifespan or what factors would cause it to change. Given the evidence that behaviour towards face stimuli is modulated by the neuropeptide oxytocin (OT), we re...
Source: Biology Letters - September 13, 2023 Category: Biology Authors: Jessica Taubert Samantha Wally Barnaby J Dixson Source Type: research
