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Diurnal variations in primary and secondary organic aerosols in an eastern China coastal city: The impact of land-sea breezes
In this study, organic marker compounds for biomass burning, primary biological aerosols, biogenic and anthropogenic secondary organic aerosols (SOA) in fine particles from a coastal city in East China were analysed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Land-sea breeze circulations were identified to explore their potential influence of organic molecular compositions. Organic marker compounds showed obvious diurnal/seasonal patterns. Surprisingly, due to the combined influence of weakened East Asian monsoons and land-sea breezes, all detected organic markers decreased except α/β-pinene SOA markers during land-sea b...
Source: Environmental Pollution - January 7, 2023 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Qiang Zhang Wei Hu Hong Ren Jianbo Yang Junjun Deng Dawei Wang Yele Sun Zifa Wang Kimitaka Kawamura Pingqing Fu Source Type: research

Elemental Sulfur Use and Associations with Pediatric Lung Function and Respiratory Symptoms in an Agricultural Community (California, USA)
Conclusions: This study suggests that elemental sulfur use, allowed in both organic and conventional farming, in close proximity to residential areas, may adversely affect children’s respiratory health. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP528 Received: 19 May 2016 Revised: 05 May 2017 Accepted: 09 May 2017 Published: 14 August 2017 Address correspondence to R. Raanan, Center for Environmental Research and Children’s Health (CERCH), University of California, Berkeley, School of Public Health, 1995 University Ave., Suite 265, Berkeley, CA 94704 USA. Telephone: (510) 642-9431. Email: rachelraananrr@gmail.com Supplemental Ma...
Source: EHP Research - August 14, 2017 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Daniil Lyalko Tags: Research Source Type: research

Artificial Intelligence & How Doctors Think: An Interview with Thomas Jefferson ’ s Stephen Klasko
AJAY KOHLI, MD As I walk into the building, the sheer grandiosity of the room is one to withhold — it’s as if I’m walking into Grand Central station. There’s a small army of people, all busy at their desks, working to carry out the next wave of innovations helping more than a million lives within the Greater Philadelphia region. However, I’m not here to catch a train or enjoy the sights. I’m at the office of the President and CEO of Thomas Jefferson University, Dr. Stephen Klasko, currently at the helm of one of the largest healthcare systems in the U.S. Let me backup a little. The theme of nearly every con...
Source: The Health Care Blog - February 11, 2018 Category: Consumer Health News Authors: John Irvine Tags: Uncategorized Ajay Kohli Internet of Things Stephen Klasko Thomas Jefferson University Thomas Klasko Watson Source Type: blogs

Major differences in dissolved organic matter characteristics and bacterial processing over an extensive brackish water gradient, the Baltic Sea
Publication date: Available online 31 January 2018 Source:Marine Chemistry Author(s): Owen F. Rowe, Julie Dinasquet, Joanna Paczkowska, Daniela Figueroa, Lasse Riemann, Agneta Andersson Dissolved organic matter (DOM) in marine waters is a complex mixture of compounds and elements that contribute substantially to the global carbon cycle. The large reservoir of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) represents a vital resource for heterotrophic bacteria. Bacteria can utilise, produce, recycle and transform components of the DOM pool, and the physicochemical characteristics of this pool can directly influence bacterial activity; wit...
Source: Marine Chemistry - February 15, 2018 Category: Chemistry Source Type: research

Pressure-Retaining Sampler and High-Pressure Systems to Study Deep-Sea Microbes Under in situ Conditions
Conclusion and Perspectives Conserving the in situ conditions when sampling the deep ocean is becoming a major concern for the scientific community and many have tried to find solutions to sample without decompressing the samples. For example, Shillito and collaborators developed PERISCOP to sample deep-sea macro-organisms (e.g., shrimps, crabs), under in situ conditions without decompression issues. This was then adapted by BALIST into IPOCAMP for use in physiology and behavioral experiments (Shillito et al., 2008, 2014; Ravaux et al., 2013). Likewise, McNichol et al. (2016) developed a specific device to sample hydrothe...
Source: Frontiers in Microbiology - April 8, 2019 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research

Comparative Genomics of the Genus Methanohalophilus, Including a Newly Isolated Strain From Kebrit Deep in the Red Sea
Conclusion Methanogens are important players in the carbon cycle of hypersaline habitats. However, not much is known about the characteristics of methanogens from the deep-sea brine habitats of the Red Sea and no cultures existed. In this study, we describe a novel isolate (strain RSK) from the BSI of Kebrit Deep of the Red Sea representing a novel species within the genus Methanohalophilus. In order to understand why species of the genus Methanohalophilus are successful in chemically diverse hypersaline environments, we analyzed and compared the genomic inventory among five Methanohalophilus species to elucidate genomica...
Source: Frontiers in Microbiology - April 23, 2019 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research

Production of tyrosine-like fluorescence and labile chromophoric dissolved organic matter (DOM) and low surface accumulation of low molecular weight-dominated DOM in a productive Antarctic sea
Publication date: Available online 24 April 2019Source: Marine ChemistryAuthor(s): Meilian Chen, Jinyoung Jung, Yun Kyung Lee, Tae-Wan Kim, Jin HurAbstractThe Antarctic seas play critical roles in global carbon cycling. Yet, little is known about the dissolved organic matter (DOM) characteristics and the dynamics there. Here, we conducted an extensive study on the seawater DOM in the Amundsen Sea in the Pacific sector of the Southern Ocean. We found that low molecular weight fractions quantitatively dominated the DOM composition at the surface of the highly productive Amundsen Sea Polynya with the relative abundance reachi...
Source: Marine Chemistry - April 25, 2019 Category: Chemistry Source Type: research

Distribution and bioavailability of mercury in the surface sediments of the Baltic Sea
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2021 Mar 6. doi: 10.1007/s11356-021-13023-4. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe study aimed to determine the level of mercury (Hg) and its labile and stable forms in the surface sediments of the Baltic Sea. The work considers the impact of current and historical sources of Hg on sediment pollution, together with the influence of different environmental parameters, including water inflows from the North Sea. Surface sediments (top 5 cm) were collected in 2016-2017 at 91 stations located in different areas of the Baltic Sea, including Belt Sea, Arkona Basin, Bornholm Basin, Gdańsk Basin, West Gotl...
Source: Environmental Science and Pollution Research International - March 6, 2021 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Urszula Kwasigroch Magdalena Be łdowska Agnieszka J ędruch Katarzyna Łukawska-Matuszewska Source Type: research

Microplastic in the Baltic Sea: A review of distribution processes, sources, analysis methods and regulatory policies
This article provides a comprehensive review of the microplastic origins and transport routes to the Baltic Sea. The data is presented as the concentration of microplastics in surface waters, sediments, and sea sand. The extraction methods used and the microplastics techniques are also presented. The possibilities and limitations of water and sediment sampling methods for microplastics determination were summarised, taking into account sampling tools, volume and depth. Extraction, separation, filtration, and visual sorting are outlined as sample preparation techniques for microplastic analysis. This review also focuses on ...
Source: Environmental Pollution - October 22, 2022 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Izabela Narloch Alicja Gackowska Gra żyna Wejnerowska Source Type: research

Echinoderm larvae as bioindicators for the assessment of marine pollution: Sea urchin and sea cucumber responsiveness and future perspectives
Environ Pollut. 2023 Jul 30:122285. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122285. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTEchinoderms play a crucial role in the functioning of marine ecosystems and due to their extensive distribution, rapid response, and the high sensitivity of their planktonic larvae to a large range of stressors, some species are widely used as biological indicators. In addition to sea urchins, sea cucumbers have recently been implemented in embryotoxicity bioassays showing high potential in ecotoxicological studies. However, the use of this species is still hindered by a lack of knowledge regarding their comparative respons...
Source: Environmental Pollution - August 1, 2023 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Lorenzo Morroni Arnold Rakaj Luca Grosso Gaia Flori Alessandra Fianchini David Pellegrini Francesco Regoli Source Type: research

Microbial Diversity and Connectivity in Deep-Sea Sediments of the South Atlantic Polar Front
Conclusion Our study suggests that the amagmatic SWIR fragment investigated here substantially enhanced microbial diversity by providing additional biogeochemical niches, foremost via sediment accumulation in the axial valley. Accordingly, variations in microbial community composition were driven by changes in trophic resource availability and the biogeochemical setting at this site. In the axial valley, porewater circulation also promoted connectivity between subsurface and surface communities, and favored microbial taxa typically associated with reduced sediments, including such found at hydrothermal vent fields on the ...
Source: Frontiers in Microbiology - April 8, 2019 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research