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Specialty: Orthopaedics

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Total 785 results found since Jan 2013.

Stepping strategies used by post-stroke individuals to maintain margins of stability during walking
Abstract: Background: People recovering from a stroke are less stable during walking compared to able-bodied controls. The purpose of this study was to examine whether and how post-stroke individuals adapt their steady-state gait pattern to maintain or increase their margins of stability during walking, and to examine how these strategies differ from strategies employed by able-bodied people.Methods: Ten post-stroke individuals and 9 age-matched able-bodied individuals walked on the Computer Assisted Rehabilitation Environment. Medio-lateral translations of the walking surface were imposed to manipulate gait stability. To ...
Source: Clinical Biomechanics - November 7, 2013 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Laura Hak, Han Houdijk, Peter van der Wurff, Maarten R. Prins, Agali Mert, Peter J. Beek, Jaap H. van Dieën Tags: Regular Papers Source Type: research

Sequence of onset latency of body segments when turning on-the-spot in people with stroke
Conclusion Similarities between the groups may be because the time since the stroke was long and therefore some recovery of function may have occurred. Slowness of movement in people with stroke may predispose them to falls.
Source: Gait and Posture - December 9, 2013 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Rufai Yusuf Ahmad, Ann Ashburn, Malcolm Burnett, Dinesh Samuel, Geert Verheyden Tags: Articles Source Type: research

Mediolateral foot placement ability during ambulation in individuals with chronic post-stroke hemiplegia
Highlights: Abstract: Mediolateral (ML) foot placement is an effective way to redirect the lateral trajectory of the body center of mass (BCoM) during ambulation, but has only been partly characterized in the chronic post-stroke population despite their increased risk for falling . During able-bodied gait, the locomotor system coordinates lower limb swing phase kinematics such that an appropriate ML foot placement occurs upon foot contact. Muscle weakness and abnormal motor patterns may impair foot placement ability post-stroke. The purpose of this study was to characterize ML foot placement ability during post-stroke ambu...
Source: Gait and Posture - March 3, 2014 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Angelika Zissimopoulos, Rebecca Stine, Stefania Fatone, Steven Gard Tags: Articles Source Type: research

Reliability of center of pressure measures within and between sessions in individuals post-stroke and healthy controls
Conclusions: The COP velocity was the most reliable measure with high ICCs between sessions and the high reliability was achieved with fewer trials in both groups in a single session.
Source: Gait and Posture - April 25, 2014 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Vicki L. Gray, Tanya D. Ivanova, S. Jayne Garland Tags: Articles Source Type: research

Upright activity and higher motor function may preserve bone mineral density within 6  months of stroke: a longitudinal study
ConclusionBetter motor control and walking recovery were associated with reduced bone loss. Interventions targeting these impairments from early post-stroke are warranted.Clinical trial registrationURL:http://www.anzctr.org.au. Unique identifier: ACTRN12612000123842.
Source: Archives of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery - January 8, 2018 Category: Orthopaedics Source Type: research

Relationship between bone strength index of the hemiparetic tibial diaphysis and muscle strength in people with chronic stroke: influence of muscle contraction type and speed
ConclusionsConcentric muscle power was more predictive of %SSD in p-SSI at the tibial diaphysis than other contraction types and may be an important target for intervention to promote bone health in people with chronic stroke.
Source: Osteoporosis International - November 7, 2020 Category: Orthopaedics Source Type: research

Does the Application of a Lycra Arm Sleeve Change Shoulder Biomechanics in People With Stroke?—A Preliminary Study
Conclusions The application of Lycra arm sleeves did not significantly reduce the AGT distance but altered scapula mechanics by putting it in a mechanically advantaged position in a small sample of people with chronic stroke. A properly designed definitive trial would be required to confirm the effectiveness of the Lycra sleeve in reducing GHS in people with both acute and chronic stroke. Clinical Relevance Lycra sleeve may have potential to alter biomechanics and influence neuromuscular activity in the arm.
Source: JPO Journal of Prosthetics and Orthotics - February 15, 2022 Category: Orthopaedics Tags: ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research

Temporal structure of variability decreases in upper extremity movements post stroke
The objective of this study was to determine movement variability in the more-affected upper-extremity in chronic stroke survivors. We investigated two hypotheses: (1) individuals with stroke will have increased amount of variability and altered structure of variability in upper-extremity joint movement patterns as compared to age-matched controls; and (2) the degree of motor impairment and joint kinematics will be correlated with the temporal structure of variability.Methods: Sixteen participants with chronic stroke and nine age-matched controls performed three trials of functional reach-to-grasp. The amount of variabilit...
Source: Clinical Biomechanics - January 21, 2013 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Amit Sethi, Tara Patterson, Theresa McGuirk, Carolynn Patten, Lorie G. Richards, Nicholas Stergiou Tags: Articles Source Type: research

Bilateral coordination and gait symmetry after body-weight supported treadmill training for persons with chronic stroke
Abstract: Background: Locomotor interventions are commonly assessed using functional outcomes, but these outcomes provide limited information about changes toward recovery or compensatory mechanisms. The study purposes were to examine changes in gait symmetry and bilateral coordination following body-weight supported treadmill training in individuals with chronic hemiparesis due to stroke and to compare findings to participants without disability.Methods: Nineteen participants with stroke (>6months) who ambulated between 0.4 and 0.8m/s and 22 participants without disability were enrolled in this repeated-measures study. Th...
Source: Clinical Biomechanics - March 4, 2013 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Stephanie A. Combs, Eric L. Dugan, Elicia N. Ozimek, Amy B. Curtis Tags: Papers Source Type: research

Determinants and consequences for standing balance of spontaneous weight-bearing on the paretic side among individuals with chronic stroke
This study explores the prevalence and clinical determinants of stance asymmetry, and the relationship between stance asymmetry and postural control among chronic stroke patients. Subjects (n=147;>6 months post-stroke) stood on two force plates in eyes-open and eyes-closed conditions; 59 were symmetric, 18 had paretic asymmetry (PA), and 70 had non-paretic asymmetry (NPA). Root mean square (RMS) of antero-posterior and medio-lateral centre-of-pressure under each limb and both limbs combined were compared. RMS of total medio-lateral centre-of-pressure was greater for both asymmetric groups compared with the symmetric group....
Source: Gait and Posture - January 28, 2013 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Avril Mansfield, Cynthia J. Danells, John L. Zettel, Sandra E. Black, William E. McIlroy Tags: Full Length Articles Source Type: research

Relationships between frontal-plane angular momentum and clinical balance measures during post-stroke hemiparetic walking
This study tests whether frontal-plane H is significantly correlated to clinical balance tests that could be used to provide a detailed assessment of medial–lateral balance impairments in hemiparetic gait. H was measured in post-stroke (n=48) and control (n=20) subjects. Post-stroke there were significant negative relationships between the change in frontal-plane H during paretic single-leg stance and two clinical tests: the Dynamic Gait Index (DGI) (r=−0.57, p
Source: Gait and Posture - July 2, 2013 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: C.R. Nott, R.R. Neptune, S.A. Kautz Tags: Articles Source Type: research

Obstacle crossing following stroke improves over one month when the unaffected limb leads, but not when the affected limb leads
Highlights: Abstract: While it is well established that obstacle crossing is impaired following stroke, it is not known whether obstacle crossing improves as gait improves following stroke. The purpose of this study was to determine whether obstacle crossing changed over a one month time period in people with a recent stroke. Twenty participants receiving rehabilitation following a recent stroke were tested on two occasions one month apart. Participants received usual care rehabilitation, including physiotherapy, between the tests. The main outcome measure was obstacle crossing speed as participants stepped over a 4-cm hig...
Source: Gait and Posture - August 5, 2013 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Catherine M. Said, Mary Galea, Noel Lythgo Tags: Articles Source Type: research

Immediate-term effects of use of an ankle-foot orthosis with an oil damper on the gait of stroke patients when walking without the device
Conclusions: These changes indicate the promising therapeutic effects of ankle–foot orthosis using an oil damper use and suggest the ankle–foot orthosis using an oil damper’s potential as a therapeutic device. Clinical relevance After 3 weeks of use of an ankle–foot orthosis using an oil damper, which assists the first rocker, the gait of stroke patients in the chronic phase when not wearing the ankle–foot orthosis using an oil damper was improved. Preswing time was significantly decreased and positive ankle joint power was significantly increased. The ankle–foot orthosis using an oil d...
Source: Prosthetics and Orthotics International - March 16, 2015 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Yamamoto, S., Ibayashi, S., Fuchi, M., Yasui, T. Tags: Original Research Reports Source Type: research

The immediate effects of fitting and tuning solid ankle-foot orthoses in early stroke rehabilitation
Conclusion: In our small group of early stroke patients who were fitted with a solid ankle–foot orthosis, immediate significant improvements occurred in walking speed, step length and cadence, when compared to walking with shoes only. Clinical relevance This study provides evidence about the immediate effects of custom solid ankle–foot orthoses on gait of early stroke survivors. Ankle–foot orthosis design specifications are fully described for replication. This study suggests that observing global segment orientation may be more useful than joint angles when fitting and tuning ankle–foot orthoses f...
Source: Prosthetics and Orthotics International - November 2, 2015 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Carse, B., Bowers, R., Meadows, B. C., Rowe, P. Tags: Original Research Reports Source Type: research