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Total 1090 results found since Jan 2013.

Molecules, Vol. 23, Pages 2833: 3,5-Diethoxy-3 ′-Hydroxyresveratrol (DEHR) Ameliorates Liver Fibrosis via Caveolin-1 Activation in Hepatic Stellate Cells and in a Mouse Model of Bile Duct Ligation Injury
Molecules, Vol. 23, Pages 2833: 3,5-Diethoxy-3′-Hydroxyresveratrol (DEHR) Ameliorates Liver Fibrosis via Caveolin-1 Activation in Hepatic Stellate Cells and in a Mouse Model of Bile Duct Ligation Injury Molecules doi: 10.3390/molecules23112833 Authors: Phil Jun Lee Hye-Jin Park Namki Cho Hong Pyo Kim Hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) are involved in the pathogenesis of liver fibrosis. Resveratrol, 3,5,4′-trihydroxystilbene, is a dietary polyphenol found in natural food products. Here, we evaluated the anti-proliferative effects of a synthetic resveratrol derivative, 3,5-diethoxy-3′-h...
Source: Molecules - October 31, 2018 Category: Chemistry Authors: Phil Jun Lee Hye-Jin Park Namki Cho Hong Pyo Kim Tags: Article Source Type: research

Molecules, Vol. 24, Pages 225: S-Acyl-2-Thioethyl: A Convenient Base-Labile Protecting Group for the Synthesis of siRNAs Containing 5 ′-Vinylphosphonate
Molecules, Vol. 24, Pages 225: S-Acyl-2-Thioethyl: A Convenient Base-Labile Protecting Group for the Synthesis of siRNAs Containing 5′-Vinylphosphonate Molecules doi: 10.3390/molecules24020225 Authors: Mehran Nikan Wenyu Li Garth A. Kinberger Punit P. Seth Eric E. Swayze Thazha P. Prakash We recently reported that (E)-5′-vinylphosphonate (5′-VP) is a metabolically-stable phosphate mimic for siRNA and demonstrated that 5′-VP improves the potency of the fully modified siRNAs in vivo. Here, we report an alternative synthesis of 5′-VP modified guide st...
Source: Molecules - January 9, 2019 Category: Chemistry Authors: Mehran Nikan Wenyu Li Garth A. Kinberger Punit P. Seth Eric E. Swayze Thazha P. Prakash Tags: Article Source Type: research

Molecules, Vol. 24, Pages 4208: Deficiency of Urokinase Plasminogen Activator May Impair β Cells Regeneration and Insulin Secretion in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Conclusion: uPA may play a substantial role in insulin secretion, β cell regeneration, and progressive development of T2DM. Supplementation of uPA might be a novel approach for prevention and treatment of T2DM in the future.
Source: Molecules - November 19, 2019 Category: Chemistry Authors: Wu Ou Chang Lin Pei Chen Tags: Article Source Type: research

Molecules, Vol. 25, Pages 1102: Ginseng Gintonin Contains Ligands for GPR40 and GPR55
ng Seung-Yeol Nah Gintonin, a novel ginseng-derived glycolipoprotein complex, has an exogenous ligand for lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) receptors. However, recent lipid analysis of gintonin has shown that gintonin also contains other bioactive lipids besides LPAs, including linoleic acid and lysophosphatidylinositol (LPI). Linoleic acid, a free fatty acid, and LPI are known as ligands for the G-protein coupled receptors (GPCR), GPR40, and GPR55, respectively. We, herein, investigated whether gintonin could serve as a ligand for GPR40 and GPR55, using the insulin-secreting beta cell-derived cell line INS-1 and the human...
Source: Molecules - March 1, 2020 Category: Chemistry Authors: Yeon-Jin Cho Sun-Hye Choi Rami Lee Hongik Hwang Hyewhon Rhim Ik-Hyun Cho Hyoung-Chun Kim Jeong-Ik Lee Sung-Hee Hwang Seung-Yeol Nah Tags: Article Source Type: research

Molecules, Vol. 25, Pages 1877: Trimeric Small Interfering RNAs and Their Cholesterol-Containing Conjugates Exhibit Improved Accumulation in Tumors, but Dramatically Reduced Silencing Activity
ernolovskaya Cholesterol derivatives of nuclease-resistant, anti-MDR1 small-interfering RNAs were designed to contain a 2’-OMe-modified 21-bp siRNA and a 63-bp TsiRNA in order to investigate their accumulation and silencing activity in vitro and in vivo. The results showed that increasing the length of the RNA duplex in such a conjugate increases its biological activity when delivered using a transfection agent. However, the efficiency of accumulation in human drug-resistant KB-8-5 cells during delivery in vitro in a carrier-free mode was reduced as well as efficiency of target gene silencing. TsiRNAs dem...
Source: Molecules - April 17, 2020 Category: Chemistry Authors: Ivan V. Chernikov Daniil V. Gladkikh Ulyana A. Karelina Mariya I. Meschaninova Alya G. Ven ’yaminova Valentin V. Vlassov Elena L. Chernolovskaya Tags: Article Source Type: research

Molecules, Vol. 25, Pages 5192: Antiglioma Potential of Coumarins Combined with Sorafenib
ubowicz-Gil Coumarins, which occur naturally in the plant kingdom, are diverse class of secondary metabolites. With their antiproliferative, chemopreventive and antiangiogenetic properties, they can be used in the treatment of cancer. Their therapeutic potential depends on the type and location of the attachment of substituents to the ring. Therefore, the aim of our study was to investigate the effect of simple coumarins (osthole, umbelliferone, esculin, and 4-hydroxycoumarin) combined with sorafenib (specific inhibitor of Raf (Rapidly Accelerated Fibrosarcoma) kinase) in programmed death induction in human glioblastom...
Source: Molecules - November 8, 2020 Category: Chemistry Authors: Joanna Sumorek-Wiadro Adrian Zaj ąc Ewa Langner Krystyna Skalicka-Wo źniak Aleksandra Maciejczyk Wojciech Rzeski Joanna Jakubowicz-Gil Tags: Article Source Type: research

Molecules, Vol. 25, Pages 6028: The Antiasthma Medication Ciclesonide Suppresses Breast Cancer Stem Cells through Inhibition of the Glucocorticoid Receptor Signaling-Dependent YAP Pathway
This study focused on investigating the effect of ciclesonide on breast cancer and CSCs and determining its underlying mechanism. Here, we showed that ciclesonide inhibits breast cancer and CSC formation. Similar glucocorticoids—dexamethasone and prednisone—did not inhibit CSC formation. Ciclesonide-induced glucocorticoid receptor (GR) degradation was dependent on ubiquitination. We showed via GR small interfering RNA (siRNA) that GR plays an important role in CSC formation. We showed via western blot and immunofluorescence assays that ciclesonide reduces the nuclear level of GR. The GR antagoni...
Source: Molecules - December 19, 2020 Category: Chemistry Authors: Su-Lim Kim Hack Sun Choi Ji-Hyang Kim Dong-Sun Lee Tags: Article Source Type: research

Molecules, Vol. 26, Pages 1732: Site-Selective Artificial Ribonucleases: Renaissance of Oligonucleotide Conjugates for Irreversible Cleavage of RNA Sequences
Marina Zenkova RNA-targeting therapeutics require highly efficient sequence-specific devices capable of RNA irreversible degradation in vivo. The most developed methods of sequence-specific RNA cleavage, such as siRNA or antisense oligonucleotides (ASO), are currently based on recruitment of either intracellular multi-protein complexes or enzymes, leaving alternative approaches (e.g., ribozymes and DNAzymes) far behind. Recently, site-selective artificial ribonucleases combining the oligonucleotide recognition motifs (or their structural analogues) and catalytically active groups in a single molecular scaffold have be...
Source: Molecules - March 19, 2021 Category: Chemistry Authors: Yaroslav Staroseletz Svetlana Gaponova Olga Patutina Elena Bichenkova Bahareh Amirloo Thomas Heyman Daria Chiglintseva Marina Zenkova Tags: Review Source Type: research

Molecules, Vol. 26, Pages 3852: Cytoprotection against Oxidative Stress by Methylnissolin-3-O- β-D-glucopyranoside from Astragalus membranaceus Mainly via the Activation of the Nrf2/HO-1 Pathway
Molecules, Vol. 26, Pages 3852: Cytoprotection against Oxidative Stress by Methylnissolin-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside from Astragalus membranaceus Mainly via the Activation of the Nrf2/HO-1 Pathway Molecules doi: 10.3390/molecules26133852 Authors: Xiaohua Wu Jian Xu Yousheng Cai Yuejun Yang Yuancai Liu Shugeng Cao Astragalus membranaceus is a famous herb found among medicinal and food plants in East and Southeastern Asia. The Nrf2-ARE assay-guided separation of an extract from Jing liqueur led to the identification of a nontoxic Nrf2 activator, methylnissolin-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (MNG, a component of A. ...
Source: Molecules - June 24, 2021 Category: Chemistry Authors: Xiaohua Wu Jian Xu Yousheng Cai Yuejun Yang Yuancai Liu Shugeng Cao Tags: Article Source Type: research

Molecules, Vol. 26, Pages 4711: Insulin Receptor Substrate 1 Is Involved in the Phycocyanin-Mediated Antineoplastic Function of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Cells
Chengtao Wang Phycocyanin, derived from marine algae, is known to have noteworthy antineoplastic properties. However, the underlying mechanism involved in phycocyanin-mediated anti-growth function on non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells is still ambiguous. Here, we investigated the mechanism of action of phycocyanin on H1299, A549, and LTEP-a2 cells. According to the results obtained, insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS-1) expression was reduced by phycocyanin. Cell phenotype tests showed that siRNA knockdown of IRS-1 expression significantly inhibited the growth, migration, colony formation, but promoted the apoptos...
Source: Molecules - August 4, 2021 Category: Chemistry Authors: Shuai Hao Qiancheng Li Yuanpu Liu Fannian Li Qi Yang Jing Wang Chengtao Wang Tags: Article Source Type: research

Molecules, Vol. 27, Pages 2082: Inhibition of Metastatic Hepatocarcinoma by Combined Chemotherapy with Silencing VEGF/VEGFR2 Genes through a GalNAc-Modified Integrated Therapeutic System
Jing Hu Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a highly malignant tumor related to high mortality and is still lacking a satisfactory cure. Tumor metastasis is currently a major challenge of cancer treatment, which is highly related to angiogenesis. The vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)/VEGFR signaling pathway is thus becoming an attractive therapeutic target. Moreover, chemotherapy combined with gene therapy shows great synergistic potential in cancer treatment with the promise of nanomaterials. In this work, a formulation containing 5-FU and siRNA against the VEGF/VEGFR signaling pathway into N-acetyl-galactosam...
Source: Molecules - March 24, 2022 Category: Chemistry Authors: Xunan Li Xiang Wang Nian Liu Qiuyu Wang Jing Hu Tags: Article Source Type: research

Molecules, Vol. 27, Pages 4350: Melatonin Reverses the Warburg-Type Metabolism and Reduces Mitochondrial Membrane Potential of Ovarian Cancer Cells Independent of MT1 Receptor Activation
ustavo de Almeida Chuffa Ovarian cancer (OC) is the most lethal gynecologic malignancy, and melatonin has shown various antitumor properties. Herein, we investigated the influence of melatonin therapy on energy metabolism and mitochondrial integrity in SKOV-3 cells and tested whether its effects depended on MT1 receptor activation. SKOV-3 cells were exposed to different melatonin concentrations, and experimental groups were divided as to the presence of MT1 receptors (melatonin groups) or receptor absence by RNAi silencing (siRNA MT1+melatonin). Intracellular melatonin levels increased after treatment with melatonin in...
Source: Molecules - July 7, 2022 Category: Chemistry Authors: Maira Smaniotto Cucielo Roberta Carvalho Ces ário Henrique Spaulonci Silveira Let ícia Barbosa Gaiotte S érgio Alexandre Alcantara dos Santos Debora Aparecida Pires de Campos Zuccari F ábio Rodrigues Ferreira Seiva Russel J. Reiter Luiz Gustavo de Alm Tags: Article Source Type: research

Molecules, Vol. 27, Pages 6236: Akebia Saponin D Inhibits the Inflammatory Reaction by Inhibiting the IL-6-STAT3-DNMT3b Axis and Activating the Nrf2 Pathway
This study aimed to preliminarily explore the anti-inflammatory effect of ASD and the underlying mechanisms from the perspective of DNA methylation and inflammation-related pathways. We found that ASD significantly reduced the production of multiple inflammatory mediators, including nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), in LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells. The expression of DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) 3b and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) was also obviously inhibited by the ASD treatment. The protein and mRNA levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were als...
Source: Molecules - September 22, 2022 Category: Chemistry Authors: Jin-Fang Luo Chon-Kit Lio Hua Zhou Tags: Article Source Type: research

Molecules, Vol. 28, Pages 3742: Targeting Chondroitin Sulphate Synthase 1 (Chsy1) Promotes Axon Growth Following Neurorrhaphy by Suppressing Versican Accumulation
Wen-Chieh Liao Versican is a chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan (CSPG), which deposits in perineurium as a physical barrier and prevents the growth of axons out of the fascial boundary. Several studies have indicated that the chondroitin sulfate (CS) chains on versican have several possible functions beyond the physical barrier, including the ability to stabilize versican core protein in the extracellular matrix. As chondroitin sulfate synthase 1 (Chsy1) is a crucial enzyme for CS elongation, we hypothesized that in vivo knockdown of Chsy1 at peripheral nerve lesion site may decrease CS and versican accumulation, and ...
Source: Molecules - April 26, 2023 Category: Chemistry Authors: Chiung-Hui Liu Ying-Jui Ho Che-Yu Wang Chao-Chun Hsu Yin-Hung Chu Min-Yen Hsu Shiu-Jau Chen Wen-Chuan Hsiao Wen-Chieh Liao Tags: Article Source Type: research

Molecules, Vol. 26, Pages 6184: Design Principles of Large Cation Incorporation in Halide Perovskites
ellouhi Perovskites have stood out as excellent photoactive materials with high efficiencies and stabilities, achieved via cation mixing techniques. Overcoming challenges to the stabilization of Perovskite solar cells calls for the development of design principles of large cation incorporation in halide perovskite to accelerate the discovery of optimal stable compositions. Large fluorinated organic cations incorporation is an attractive method for enhancing the intrinsic stability of halide perovskites due to their high dipole moment and moisture-resistant nature. However, a fluorinated cation has a larger ionic size t...
Source: Molecules - October 13, 2021 Category: Chemistry Authors: Heesoo Park Syam Kumar Sanjay Chawla Fedwa El-Mellouhi Tags: Article Source Type: research