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Risk of Stroke in Long-term Dialysis Patients Compared With the General Population
Conclusions: Patients undergoing dialysis are at elevated risk of stroke. Patients undergoing PD appear to be less likely to develop hemorrhagic stroke than those undergoing HD. Comprehensive control of hypertension and diabetes is necessary when delivering dialysis treatment.
Source: American Journal of Kidney Diseases - December 2, 2013 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Hsi-Hao Wang, Shih-Yuan Hung, Junne-Ming Sung, Kuan-Yu Hung, Jung-Der Wang Tags: Dialysis Source Type: research

Comparison of Associations of Outcomes After Stroke With Estimated GFR Using Chinese Modifications of the MDRD Study and CKD-EPI Creatinine Equations: Results From the China National Stroke Registry
Background: The CKD-EPI (Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration) creatinine equation estimates glomerular filtration rate (GFR) more precisely than the MDRD (Modification of Diet in Renal Disease) Study equation. The risk implications of this equation have been compared with the MDRD Study equation in different demographic and clinical characteristics. However, whether a Chinese modification of this equation performs better than a Chinese modification of the MDRD Study equation in risk prediction in Chinese patients with stroke is unknown.Study Design: Prospective cohort study, China National Stroke Registry.Set...
Source: American Journal of Kidney Diseases - October 7, 2013 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Xianwei Wang, Yang Luo, Yilong Wang, Chunxue Wang, Xingquan Zhao, David Wang, Liping Liu, Gaifen Liu, Yongjun Wang, China National Stroke Registry Investigators Tags: Pathogenesis and Treatment of Kidney Disease Source Type: research

Canadian Society of Nephrology Commentary on the 2012 KDIGO Clinical Practice Guideline for Anemia in CKD
The KDIGO (Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes) 2012 clinical practice guideline for anemia management in patients with chronic kidney disease provides the structural and evidence base for the Canadian Society of Nephrology commentary on this guideline's relevancy and application to the Canadian health care system. While in general agreement, we provide commentary on 11 of the 61 KDIGO guideline statements. Specifically, we agreed that a therapeutic trial of iron is appropriate in cases in which a reduction in erythropoiesis-stimulating agent (ESA) dosage or avoidance of ESA and transfusion is desired, transferrin sa...
Source: American Journal of Kidney Diseases - September 19, 2013 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Louise M. Moist, Stéphan Troyanov, Colin T. White, Lori D. Wazny, Jo-Anne Wilson, Phil McFarlane, Lori Harwood, Manish M. Sood, Steven D. Soroka, Adam Bass, Braden J. Manns Tags: Commentaries Source Type: research

CKD and Cardiovascular Disease in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study: Interactions With Age, Sex, and Race
Background: Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and albuminuria are central for diagnosis, staging, and risk evaluation in chronic kidney disease (CKD). Universal thresholds regardless of age, sex, and race are recommended, but relatively little is known about how these demographic factors alter the relationship of eGFR and albuminuria to cardiovascular outcomes. Study Design: Observational cohort study. Setting & Participants: 11,060 whites and blacks aged 52-75 years in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study with median follow-up of 11.2 years. Predictors: eGFR by the CKD-EPI (CKD Epidemiolog...
Source: American Journal of Kidney Diseases - June 17, 2013 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Xuan Hui, Kunihiro Matsushita, Yingying Sang, Shoshana H. Ballew, Tibor Fülöp, Josef Coresh Tags: Pathogenesis and Treatment of Kidney Disease Source Type: research

Atrial Fibrillation in CKD: Balancing the Risks and Benefits of Anticoagulation
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) and atrial fibrillation are common conditions that often coexist and are associated with increased risk of stroke. Despite the wealth of evidence for optimal management of atrial fibrillation in the general population, the role of anticoagulation with warfarin in individuals with CKD with atrial fibrillation is far less well defined. Current recommendations for anticoagulation in patients treated with dialysis and those with an earlier stage of CKD are based on clinical trials in the general atrial fibrillation population that have largely excluded individuals with CKD. Observational studies of...
Source: American Journal of Kidney Diseases - June 7, 2013 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Khai P. Ng, Nicola C. Edwards, Gregory Y.H. Lip, Jonathan N. Townend, Charles J. Ferro Tags: In Practice Source Type: research

Serum n-3 and n-6 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Profile as an Independent Predictor of Cardiovascular Events in Hemodialysis Patients
Conclusions: In hemodialysis patients, serum PUFA profile is unfavorably altered, and the low n-3-PUFA:AA ratios are independent predictors of CVD.
Source: American Journal of Kidney Diseases - April 19, 2013 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Tetsuo Shoji, Ryusuke Kakiya, Tomoshige Hayashi, Yoshihiro Tsujimoto, Mika Sonoda, Hideaki Shima, Katsuhito Mori, Shinya Fukumoto, Hideki Tahara, Atushi Shioi, Tsutomu Tabata, Masanori Emoto, Yoshiki Nishizawa, Masaaki Inaba Tags: Dialysis Source Type: research

Impact and Interaction of Low Estimated GFR and B Vitamin Therapy on Prognosis Among Ischemic Stroke Patients: The Vitamin Intervention for Stroke Prevention (VISP) Trial
The objective of this study was to conduct a secondary analysis based on the Vitamin Intervention for Stroke Prevention (VISP) trial to clarify these issues. Study Design: In the VISP trial, patients with a prior ischemic stroke were randomly assigned to receive the high- or low-dose B vitamin therapy. The trial did not find a difference between randomly assigned groups. The present study is a secondary analysis of the VISP trial. Setting & Participants: We analyzed the database of a multicenter trial comprising 3,673 patients with recent ischemic stroke who were followed up for 2 years. Predictor: We subdivided the ...
Source: American Journal of Kidney Diseases - April 8, 2013 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Meng Lee, Daniela Markovic, Bruce Ovbiagele Tags: Pathogenesis and Treatment of Kidney Disease Source Type: research

Association of Serum Bicarbonate With Risk of Renal and Cardiovascular Outcomes in CKD: A Report From the Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort (CRIC) Study
Conclusions: In a cohort of participants with CKD, low serum bicarbonate level was an independent risk factor for kidney disease progression, particularly for participants with preserved kidney function. The risk of heart failure was higher at the upper extreme of serum bicarbonate levels. There was no association between serum bicarbonate level and all-cause mortality or atherosclerotic events.
Source: American Journal of Kidney Diseases - March 13, 2013 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Mirela Dobre, Wei Yang, Jing Chen, Paul Drawz, L. Lee Hamm, Edward Horwitz, Thomas Hostetter, Bernard Jaar, Claudia M. Lora, Lisa Nessel, Akinlolu Ojo, Julia Scialla, Susan Steigerwalt, Valerie Teal, Myles Wolf, Mahboob Rahman, CRIC Investigators Tags: Pathogenesis and Treatment of Kidney Disease Source Type: research

Geographic Variation in CKD Prevalence and ESRD Incidence in the United States: Results From the Reasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) Study
Background: It is not known whether geographic differences in the prevalence of chronic kidney disease exist and are associated with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) incidence rates across the United States. Study Design: Cross-sectional and ecologic. Setting & Participants: White (n = 16,410) and black (n = 11,109) participants from across the continental United States in the population-based Reasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) Study. Predictor: Geographic region, defined by the 18 networks of the US ESRD Network Program. Outcomes & Measurements: Albuminuria, defined as albumin-creatin...
Source: American Journal of Kidney Diseases - December 10, 2012 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Rikki M. Tanner, Orlando M. Gutiérrez, Suzanne Judd, William McClellan, C. Barrett Bowling, Brian D. Bradbury, Monika M. Safford, Mary Cushman, David Warnock, Paul Muntner Tags: Pathogenesis and Treatment of Kidney Disease Source Type: research

Effect of Early Initiation of Dialysis on Cardiac Structure and Function: Results From the Echo Substudy of the IDEAL Trial
Conclusions: Advanced cardiac disease in these patients with stage 5 chronic kidney disease did not progress during the 12-month study period and planned early initiation of dialysis therapy did not result in differences in any echocardiographic variables of cardiac structure and function.
Source: American Journal of Kidney Diseases - November 16, 2012 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Gillian A. Whalley, Tom H. Marwick, Robert N. Doughty, Bruce A. Cooper, David W. Johnson, Andrew Pilmore, David C.H. Harris, Carol A. Pollock, John F. Collins, IDEAL Echo Substudy Investigators Tags: Dialysis Source Type: research

Anatomic Brain Disease in Hemodialysis Patients: A Cross-sectional Study
Background: Although dialysis patients are at high risk of stroke and have a high burden of cognitive impairment, there are few reports of anatomic brain findings in the hemodialysis population. Using magnetic resonance imaging of the brain, we compared the prevalence of brain abnormalities in hemodialysis patients with that in a control population without known kidney disease. Study Design: Cross-sectional cohort. Setting & Participants: 45 maintenance hemodialysis patients and 67 controls without reported kidney disease, both without history of known stroke. Predictor: The primary predictor was dialysis status. Co...
Source: American Journal of Kidney Diseases - October 5, 2012 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: David A. Drew, Rafeeque Bhadelia, Hocine Tighiouart, Vera Novak, Tammy M. Scott, Kristina V. Lou, Kamran Shaffi, Daniel E. Weiner, Mark J. Sarnak Tags: Dialysis Source Type: research

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