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Vitamin D and its possible relationship to neuroprotection in COVID-19: evidence in the literature
Curr Top Med Chem. 2022 Apr 1. doi: 10.2174/1568026622666220401140737. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTVitamin D is a hormone involved in the regulation of important biological processes such as signal transduction, immune response, metabolic regulation and also in the nervous and vascular systems. To date, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection does not have a specific treatment, however various drugs have been proposed, including those that attenuate the intense inflammatory response and recently the use of vitamin D, in clinical trials, as part of the treatment of COVID-19 has provided promising results. It has bee...
Source: Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry - April 3, 2022 Category: Chemistry Authors: Saray Quintero-Fabi án Cindy Bandala Luz Adriana Pichardo-Mac ías Itzel Jatziri Contreras-Garc ía Sa úl Gómez-Manzo Beatriz Hern ández-Ochoa Jos é Arturo Martínez-Orozco Iv án Ignacio-Mejía Noem í Cárdenas-Rodríguez Source Type: research

Advances in Studies on Stroke-Induced Secondary Neurodegeneration (SND) and Its Treatment.
CONCLUSION: In this article, we have reviewed the available reports on SND pathophysiology, detection techniques and possible treatment modalities that have not been attempted till date. PMID: 32297583 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry - April 14, 2020 Category: Chemistry Authors: Datta A, Sarmah D, Kalia K, Borah A, Wang X, Dave KR, Yavagal DR, Bhattacharya P Tags: Curr Top Med Chem Source Type: research

Neuro-Clinical signatures of language impairments after acute stroke: a VBQ analysis of quantitative native CT scans.
CONCLUSION: In summary, the method applied to nCT scans performed in the acute stage of stroke provided robust and accurate information about brain lesions' location and size, as well as quantitative values. We found that nCT and VBQ analyses areeffective for identifying neural signatures of concomitant language impairments at the individual level, and neuroanatomical maps of aphasia at the population level. The signatures explicate the neurophysiological mechanisms underlying aetiology of the stroke. Ultimately, similar analyses with larger cohorts could lead to a more integrated multimodal model of behavior and brain ana...
Source: Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry - February 9, 2020 Category: Chemistry Authors: Muller S, Dauyey K, Ruef A, Lorio S, Eskandari A, Schneider L, Beaud V, Roggenhofer E, Draganski B, Michel P, Kherif F Tags: Curr Top Med Chem Source Type: research

Neuroserpin in Bipolar Disorder.
CONCLUSION: Since we detected difference between the patients and the controls, not the disease states, the dysregulation in the neuroserpin gene could be interpreted as a result of the disease itself. PMID: 32003693 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry - January 30, 2020 Category: Chemistry Authors: Çınar RK Tags: Curr Top Med Chem Source Type: research

Targeting the PAC1 Receptor for Neurological and Metabolic Disorders.
Abstract The pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP)-selective PAC1 receptor (PAC1R, ADCYAP1R1) is a member of the vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP)/secretin/glucagon family of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). PAC1R has been shown to play crucial roles in the central and peripheral nervous systems. The activation of PAC1R initiates diverse downstream signal transduction pathways, including adenylyl cyclase, phospholipase C, MEK/ERK and Akt pathways that regulate a number of physiological systems to maintain functional homeostasis. Accordingly, at times of tissue injury or insult, PACAP/PAC...
Source: Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry - July 7, 2019 Category: Chemistry Authors: Liao C, de Molliens MP, Schneebeli ST, Brewer M, Song G, Chatenet D, Braas KM, May V, Li J Tags: Curr Top Med Chem Source Type: research

The Role of Nicotinamidephosphoribosyltransferase in Cerebral Ischemia.
Abstract As recombinant tissue plasminogen activator is the only drug approved for the clinical treatment of acute ischemic stroke, there is an urgent unmet need for novel stroke treatments. Endogenous defense mechanisms against stroke may hold the key to new therapies for stroke. A large number of studies suggest that nicotinamidephosphoribosyl-transferase (NAMPT) is an attractive candidate to improve post-stroke recovery. NAMPT is a multifunctional protein and plays important roles in immunity, metabolism, aging, inflammation, and stress responses. NAMPT exists in both the intracellular and extracellular space. ...
Source: Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry - June 10, 2015 Category: Chemistry Authors: Chen X, Zhao S, Song Y, Shi Y, Leak RK, Cao G Tags: Curr Top Med Chem Source Type: research

Neuroprotective Effects of Ginkgolide B against Ischemic Stroke: a Review of Current Literature.
Abstract Extensive evidences have shown the promising effects of Ginkgo biloba consumption on several diseases such as Alzheimer, Parkinson, ischemic stroke, etc. Several studies also reported its beneficial role on motor activity and cognitive function. This species contain unique class of diterpene, namely Ginkgolide B, which possess several pharmacological activities such as protective effect against cardiovascular disease; the most important causes of death worldwide. The promising effects of Ginkgolide B on stroke, both ischemic and hemorrhagic, are suggested by an overwhelming body of scientific evidences. M...
Source: Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry - June 10, 2015 Category: Chemistry Authors: Nabavi SM, Habtemariam S, Daglia M, Braidy N, Loizzo MR, Tundis R, Nabavi SF Tags: Curr Top Med Chem Source Type: research

Design and development of a novel supportive care product for the treatment of sialorrhea in Parkinson's disease.
Abstract Sialorrhea or excessive drooling is a significant medical issue in Parkinson's disease (PD) and neurodegenerative disorders, although it is often underreported by patients. Sialorrhea affects a large proportion of PD patients, ranging up to 78% in advanced stages, with many PD patients considering drooling as their worst non-motor symptom. Sialorrhea affects up to a million patients with diverse neurological impairments, including cerebral palsy, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), Huntington's, survivors of stroke and severe traumatic brain injury. Numerous approaches have been attempted to treat sialor...
Source: Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry - April 4, 2015 Category: Chemistry Authors: Farber NM, Perez-Lloret S, Gamzu ER Tags: Curr Top Med Chem Source Type: research

A Review on PARP1 Inhibitors: Pharmacophore Modeling, Virtual and Biological Screening Studies to Identify Novel PARP1 Inhibitors.
Abstract A tremendous research on Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) pertaining to cancer and ischemia is in very rapid progress. PARP's are a specific class of enzymes that repairs the damaged DNA. Recent findings suggest also that PARP-1 is the most abundantly expressed nuclear enzyme which involves in various therapeutic areas like inflammation, stroke, cardiac ischemia, cancer and diabetes. The current review describes the overview on clinical candidates of PARP1 and its current status in clinical trials. This paper also covers identification of potent PARP1 inhibitors using structure and ligand based pharmac...
Source: Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry - September 29, 2014 Category: Chemistry Authors: Singh SS, Sarma JA, Narasu L, Dayam R, Xu S, Neamati N Tags: Curr Top Med Chem Source Type: research

Behavioral Effects Of 2,3-Dihydro- And Oxoisoaporphine Derivatives In Post Stroke-Depressive Like Behavior In Male Balb/C Mice.
In this study antidepressant-like effects of intra-cerebroventricularly administration of oxoisoaporphine derivatives in post stroke-depressive like behavior were examined through despair swimming and tail suspension models. For this aim, acute ischemic stroke was induced by bilateral common carotid arteries occlusion which significantly changed the normal behaviors of male balb/c mice. We performed stroke-induced anhedonia test as a key result of post stroke-depressive like behavior by determination of sucrose consumption. Results show that some 2,3-dihydro- and oxoisoaporphine derivatives modified the abnormality in the ...
Source: Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry - August 26, 2013 Category: Chemistry Authors: Nabavi SF, Sobarzo-Sánchez E, Nabavi SM, Daglia M, Moghaddam AH, Silva AG Tags: Curr Top Med Chem Source Type: research

The emerging role of microRNA in stroke.
Abstract MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs approximately 22 nucleotides in length that play a pivotal role in post-transcriptional gene regulation by binding to complementary sites in the 3'-untranslated region of messenger RNAs. In the past decade, their role in several human diseases, from cancer to cardiovascular disease, has been established by a wealth of evidence. Stroke is responsible for 10% of deaths worldwide and is one of the leading causes of disability. MiRNAs are involved in stroke risk factors including hypertension, atherosclerosis, atrial fibrillation, diabetes and dyslipidemia. The rol...
Source: Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry - May 31, 2013 Category: Chemistry Authors: Koutsis G, Siasos G, Spengos K Tags: Curr Top Med Chem Source Type: research