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Shape of the Central Sulcus and Disability After Subcortical Stroke: A Motor Reserve Hypothesis Clinical Sciences
Conclusions— The severity of disability in patients with a positive history of small subcortical ischemic stroke caused by a severe cerebral small vessel disease is related to the shape of the central sulcus, independently of the main determinants of disability. These results support the concept of a motor reserve that could modulate the clinical severity in patients with a positive history of small subcortical ischemic stroke.
Source: Stroke - March 27, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Jouvent, E., Sun, Z. Y., De Guio, F., Duchesnay, E., Duering, M., Ropele, S., Dichgans, M., Mangin, J.-F., Chabriat, H. Tags: Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), CADASIL, Ischemic Stroke Clinical Sciences Source Type: research

Effectiveness of an Intervention to Improve Risk Factor Knowledge in Patients With Stroke Brief Report
Conclusions—Overall knowledge of risk factors of stroke or transient ischemic attack was better in the intervention group than controls. However, knowledge was generally poor. New and more effective strategies are required, especially in subgroups identified as having poor knowledge.Clinical Trial Registration—URL: http://www.anzctr.org.au. Unique identifier: ACTRN12608000166370.
Source: Stroke - March 27, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Muideen T. Olaiya, Dominique A. Cadilhac, Joosup Kim, David Ung, Mark R. Nelson, Velandai K. Srikanth, Christopher F. Bladin, Richard P. Gerraty, Sharyn M. Fitzgerald, Thanh Phan, Judith Frayne, Amanda G. Thrift Tags: Clinical Studies, Risk Factors, Secondary Prevention, Nursing, Cerebrovascular Disease/Stroke Brief Reports Source Type: research

Establishing Recommendations for Stroke Systems in the Thrombectomy Era: The Upstate New York Stakeholder Proceedings Brief Report
Conclusions—The methods used and recommendations generated provide models for stroke system enhancement. Implementation may vary based on geographic need/capacity and be contingent on establishing standard care practices. Further research is needed to establish optimal implementation strategies.
Source: Stroke - June 26, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Zainab Magdon-Ismail, Curtis Benesch, Jeremy T. Cushman, Ian Brissette, Andrew M. Southerland, Ethan S. Brandler, Cemal B. Sozener, Sue Flor, Roseanne Hemmitt, Kathleen Wales, Krystal Parrigan, Steven R. Levine Tags: Health Services, Quality and Outcomes, Statements and Guidelines, Cerebrovascular Disease/Stroke Brief Reports Source Type: research

Smoking and Risk of Ischemic Stroke in Young Men Brief Report
We examined the dose–response relationship between the quantity of cigarettes smoked and the odds of developing an ischemic stroke in men under age 50 years.Methods—The Stroke Prevention in Young Men Study is a population-based case–control study of risk factors for ischemic stroke in men ages 15 to 49 years. The χ2 test was used to test categorical comparisons. Logistic regression models were used to calculate the odds ratio for ischemic stroke occurrence comparing current and former smokers to never smokers. In the first model, we adjusted solely for age. In the second model, we adjusted for potential confounding ...
Source: Stroke - April 23, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Janina Markidan, John W. Cole, Carolyn A. Cronin, Jose G. Merino, Michael S. Phipps, Marcella A. Wozniak, Steven J. Kittner Tags: Epidemiology, Primary Prevention, Risk Factors, Secondary Prevention, Ischemic Stroke Brief Reports Source Type: research

Socioeconomic Status and the Quality of Acute Stroke Care Clinical Sciences
We examined data from the China National Stroke Registry recording consecutive stroke patients between September 2007 and August 2008. Baseline low SES was measured using educational level
Source: Stroke - October 23, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Pan, Y., Chen, R., Li, Z., Li, H., Zhao, X., Liu, L., Wang, C., Wang, Y., Tags: Quality and Outcomes, Ischemic Stroke Original Contributions Source Type: research

Mortality Reduction for Fever, Hyperglycemia, and Swallowing Nurse-Initiated Stroke Intervention Clinical Sciences
Background and Purpose—Implementation of nurse-initiated protocols to manage fever, hyperglycemia, and swallowing dysfunction decreased death and disability 90 days poststroke in the QASC trial (Quality in Acute Stroke Care) conducted in 19 Australian acute stroke units (2005–2010). We now examine long-term all-cause mortality.Methods—Mortality was ascertained using Australia’s National Death Index. Cox proportional hazards regression compared time to death adjusting for correlation within stroke units using the cluster sandwich (Huber–White estimator) method. Primary analyses included treatment group only unadju...
Source: Stroke - April 24, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Sandy Middleton, Kelly Coughlan, George Mnatzaganian, Nancy Low Choy, Simeon Dale, Asmara Jammali–Blasi, Chris Levi, Jeremy M. Grimshaw, Jeanette Ward, Dominique A. Cadilhac, Patrick McElduff, Janet E. Hiller, Catherine D’Este Tags: Clinical Studies, Nursing, Treatment, Mortality/Survival, Cerebrovascular Disease/Stroke Original Contributions Source Type: research

Disparities in Accessibility of Certified Primary Stroke Centers Clinical Sciences
Conclusions— There are significant geographic disparities in access to PSCs. Access is limited in nonurban areas. Despite the higher burden of cerebrovascular disease in stroke belt states, access to care is lower in these areas. Selecting demographic and healthcare factors is strongly associated with access to care in smaller cities, but not in other areas, including major cities.
Source: Stroke - October 27, 2014 Category: Neurology Authors: Mullen, M. T., Wiebe, D. J., Bowman, A., Wolff, C. S., Albright, K. C., Roy, J., Balcer, L. J., Branas, C. C., Carr, B. G. Tags: Health policy and outcome research, Emergency treatment of Stroke Clinical Sciences Source Type: research

Influence of Amyloid-{beta} on Cognitive Decline After Stroke/Transient Ischemic Attack: Three-Year Longitudinal Study Clinical Sciences
Conclusions— Compared with subjects without Alzheimer’s disease–like Aβ deposition, those with Aβ deposition experienced a more severe and rapid cognitive decline over 3 years after stroke/transient ischemic attack. Aβ was associated with changes in multiple cognitive domains.
Source: Stroke - October 26, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Liu, W., Wong, A., Au, L., Yang, J., Wang, Z., Leung, E. Y. L., Chen, S., Ho, C. L., Mok, V. C. T. Tags: Behavioral Changes and Stroke, PET and SPECT Clinical Sciences Source Type: research

Validating a Pragmatic Approach to Cognitive Screening in Stroke Prevention Clinics Using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment Clinical Sciences
Conclusions— Stratifying participants into 3 categories facilitates the identification of a homogenous group at low risk for CI, as well as 2 other groups with intermediate and higher risk. This approach could facilitate clinical care pathways and patient selection for research.
Source: Stroke - February 22, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Swartz, R. H., Cayley, M. L., Lanctot, K. L., Murray, B. J., Smith, E. E., Sahlas, D. J., Herrmann, N., Cohen, A., Thorpe, K. E. Tags: Epidemiology, Secondary Prevention, Cerebrovascular Disease/Stroke, Cognitive Impairment Clinical Sciences Source Type: research

Community-Based Intervention to Improve Cardiometabolic Targets in Patients With Stroke Clinical Sciences
Conclusions—The intervention in this largely negative trial only had a detectable effect on attaining target for lipids but not for other factors at 12 months or any factor at 24 months. This limited effect may be attributable to inadequate uptake of behavioral/lifestyle interventions, highlighting the need for new or better approaches to achieve meaningful behavioral change.Clinical Trial Registration—URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: ACTRN12608000166370.
Source: Stroke - August 28, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Muideen T. Olaiya, Dominique A. Cadilhac, Joosup Kim, Mark R. Nelson, Velandai K. Srikanth, Richard P. Gerraty, Christopher F. Bladin, Sharyn M. Fitzgerald, Thanh Phan, Judith Frayne, Amanda G. Thrift Tags: Lifestyle, Risk Factors, Secondary Prevention, Treatment, Cerebrovascular Disease/Stroke Original Contributions Source Type: research

Self-Report of Stroke, Transient Ischemic Attack, or Stroke Symptoms and Risk of Future Stroke in the Reasons for Geographic And Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) Study Original Contributions
Conclusions— Results suggest a spectrum of risk from stroke symptoms to TIA, DS, and RS, and imply a need for establishing these categories in health screenings to manage risk for future stroke, reinforcing the clinical importance of stroke history including the presence of stroke symptoms.
Source: Stroke - December 24, 2012 Category: Neurology Authors: Judd, S. E., Kleindorfer, D. O., McClure, L. A., Rhodes, J. D., Howard, G., Cushman, M., Howard, V. J. Tags: Epidemiology Original Contributions Source Type: research

Disparities in Evaluation at Certified Primary Stroke Centers: Reasons for Geographic And Racial Differences in Stroke Clinical Sciences
Conclusions— Disparities in evaluation by PSCs are predominately related to geographic factors but not to race, education, or low income. Despite an increased burden of cerebrovascular disease in the Stroke Belt, subjects there were less likely to be evaluated at certified hospitals.
Source: Stroke - June 24, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: Mullen, M. T., Judd, S., Howard, V. J., Kasner, S. E., Branas, C. C., Albright, K. C., Rhodes, J. D., Kleindorfer, D. O., Carr, B. G. Tags: Health policy and outcome research, Acute Cerebral Infarction, Epidemiology Clinical Sciences Source Type: research

Effect of a Novel Video Game on Stroke Knowledge of 9- to 10-Year-Old, Low-Income Children Brief Reports
Conclusions— Stroke education video games may represent novel means for improving and sustaining actionable stroke knowledge of children.
Source: Stroke - February 24, 2014 Category: Neurology Authors: Williams, O., Hecht, M. F., DeSorbo, A. L., Huq, S., Noble, J. M. Tags: Primary prevention, Epidemiology Brief Reports Source Type: research

Effect of Peer Education on Stroke Prevention: The Prevent Recurrence of All Inner-City Strokes Through Education Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Sciences
Conclusions— A low-cost peer education self-management workshop modestly improved blood pressure, but not low-density lipoprotein cholesterol or antithrombotic use, among stroke and transient ischemic attack survivors from vulnerable, predominantly minority urban communities. Clinical Trial Registration— URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT0102727. Unique identifier: NCT01027273.
Source: Stroke - October 27, 2014 Category: Neurology Authors: Kronish, I. M., Goldfinger, J. Z., Negron, R., Fei, K., Tuhrim, S., Arniella, G., Horowitz, C. R. Tags: Compliance/Adherence, Secondary prevention Clinical Sciences Source Type: research

Smoking and Hemorrhagic Stroke Mortality in a Prospective Cohort Study of Older Chinese Clinical Sciences
Conclusions— Smoking is strongly associated with hemorrhagic stroke mortality, particularly for subarachnoid hemorrhage.
Source: Stroke - July 22, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: Xu, L., Schooling, C. M., Chan, W. M., Lee, S. Y., Leung, G. M., Lam, T. H. Tags: Acute Cerebral Hemorrhage Clinical Sciences Source Type: research

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