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Effect of Low‐Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Lowering by Ezetimibe/Simvastatin on Outcome Incidence: Overview, Meta‐Analyses, and Meta‐Regression Analyses of Randomized Trials
ABSTRACT This analysis investigated the extent of different outcome reductions from low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL‐C) lowering following ezetimibe/simvastatin treatment and the proportionality of outcome to LDL‐C reductions. The authors searched PubMed between 1997 and mid‐June 2015 (any language) and the Cochrane Library to identify all randomized controlled trials comparing ezetimibe/simvastatin with placebo or less intensive LDL‐C lowering. Risk ratios (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs), standardized to 20 mg/dL LDL‐C reduction, were calculated for 5 primary outcomes (fatal and nonfatal) and...
Source: Clinical Cardiology - August 18, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Costas Thomopoulos, George Skalis, Helena Michalopoulou, Costas Tsioufis, Thomas Makris Tags: Review Source Type: research

Impact of combination therapy with statin and ezetimibe on secondary prevention for post-acute myocardial infarction patients in the statin era
Conclusions In lipid-lowering therapy post-MI, ezetimibe and statin combination therapy improved MACCE with or without revascularization compared with statin monotherapy. These findings suggest that post-MI secondary prevention should be more intensive.
Source: IJC Heart and Vasculature - August 2, 2015 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Sex differences in cardiovascular outcome during progression of aortic valve stenosis
Conclusions In the SEAS study, women and men had similar rates of AS progression and AS-related events. However, women had lower total mortality and ischaemic CV event rate than men independent of confounders. Trial registration number ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT00092677.
Source: Heart - January 14, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Cramariuc, D., Rogge, B. P., Lonnebakken, M. T., Boman, K., Bahlmann, E., Gohlke-Barwolf, C., Chambers, J. B., Pedersen, T. R., Gerdts, E. Tags: Open access, Drugs: cardiovascular system, Echocardiography, Hypertension, Interventional cardiology, Aortic valve disease, Clinical diagnostic tests, Epidemiology Valvular heart disease Source Type: research

Evaluating cardiovascular event reduction with ezetimibe as an adjunct to simvastatin in 18,144 patients after acute coronary syndromes: Final baseline characteristics of the IMPROVE-IT study population
Conclusions This trial is evaluating LDL-C lowering beyond previously targeted LDL-C levels. The results depend on achieving the desired separation of LDL-C with ezetimibe and on the assumption that ezetimibe’s lowering of LDL-C will have similar event reduction efficacy as the LDL-C lowering from a statin. The results could affect future therapies and guidelines.
Source: American Heart Journal - October 20, 2014 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Cardiovascular highlights from non-cardiology journals
Niacin fails to prevent cardiovascular events Observational studies have consistently demonstrated that levels of LDL cholesterol directly correlate with cardiovascular risk while HDL levels are inversely related to cardiovascular risk. Niacin is known to reduce LDL levels and concurrently raise HDL levels. In the HPS2-THRIVE study, 25,673 patients with a background of vascular disease were randomized to receive 2 g of extended-release niacin and 40 mg of laropiprant (an anti-flushing agent) or a matching placebo daily. Prior to starting the study, in a run-in phase, background statin therapy was standardized wit...
Source: Heart - September 23, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Bradley, S. M. Tags: Journal scan Source Type: research

Evaluating cardiovascular event reduction with ezetimibe as an adjunct to simvastatin in 18,144 patients after acute coronary syndromes: Final baseline characteristics of the IMPROVE-IT study population
Background: The IMProved Reduction of Outcomes: Vytorin Efficacy International Trial (IMPROVE-IT) is evaluating the potential benefit for reduction in major cardiovascular (CV) events from the addition of ezetimibe versus placebo to 40 mg/d of simvastatin therapy in patients who present with acute coronary syndromes and have low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) ≤125 mg/dL.Methods: The primary composite end point is CV death, nonfatal myocardial infarction (MI), nonfatal stroke, rehospitalization for unstable angina (UA), and coronary revascularization (≥30 days postrandomization). The simvastatin monotherapy arm’s LDL-C target is
Source: American Heart Journal - May 19, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Michael A. Blazing, Robert P. Giugliano, Christopher P. Cannon, Thomas A. Musliner, Andrew M. Tershakovec, Jennifer A. White, Craig Reist, Amy McCagg, Eugene Braunwald, Robert M. Califf Tags: Acute Ischemic Heart Disease Source Type: research

Relationship of Lipoproteins to Cardiovascular Events The AIM-HIGH Trial (Atherothrombosis Intervention in Metabolic Syndrome With Low HDL/High Triglycerides and Impact on Global Health Outcomes)
This study sought to examine the relationship between niacin treatment, lipoproteins, and cardiovascular (CV) outcomes in this secondary analysis of the AIM-HIGH (Atherothrombosis Intervention in Metabolic Syndrome With Low HDL/High Triglycerides and Impact on Global Health Outcomes) trial.BackgroundDuring a 3-year follow-up in 3,414 patients with established CV disease and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels, combined niacin + low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C)–lowering therapy did not reduce CV events compared with LDL-C–lowering therapy alone.MethodsSubjects taking simvastatin and/or ez...
Source: Journal of the American College of Cardiology: Cardiovascular Interventions - October 14, 2013 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Relationship of Lipoproteins to Cardiovascular Events: The AIM-HIGH Trial (Atherothrombosis Intervention in Metabolic Syndrome With Low HDL/High Triglycerides and Impact on Global Health Outcomes)
This study sought to examine the relationship between niacin treatment, lipoproteins, and cardiovascular (CV) outcomes in this secondary analysis of the AIM-HIGH (Atherothrombosis Intervention in Metabolic Syndrome With Low HDL/High Triglycerides and Impact on Global Health Outcomes) trial.Background: During a 3-year follow-up in 3,414 patients with established CV disease and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels, combined niacin + low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C)–lowering therapy did not reduce CV events compared with LDL-C–lowering therapy alone.Methods: Subjects taking simvastatin and/o...
Source: Journal of the American College of Cardiology - August 2, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: John R. Guyton, April E. Slee, Todd Anderson, Jerome L. Fleg, Ronald B. Goldberg, Moti L. Kashyap, Santica M. Marcovina, Stephen D. Nash, Kevin D. O'Brien, William S. Weintraub, Ping Xu, Xue-Qiao Zhao, William E. Boden Tags: Cardiometabolic Risk Source Type: research

Left atrial size and function as predictors of new-onset of atrial fibrillation in patients with asymptomatic aortic stenosis: The simvastatin and ezetimibe in aortic stenosis study
Abstract: Background: Left atrial (LA) size and function change with chronically increased left ventricular (LV) filling pressures. It remains unclear whether these variations in LA parameters can predict new-onset atrial fibrillation (AF) in asymptomatic patients with aortic stenosis (AS).Methods: Data were obtained in asymptomatic patients with mild-to-moderate AS (2.5≤ transaortic Doppler velocity ≤4.0m/s), preserved LV ejection fraction (EF), no previous AF, and were enrolled in the Simvastatin and Ezetimibe in Aortic Stenosis study. Peak-aortic velocity, LAmax volume & LAmin volume were measured by echocardiograph...
Source: International Journal of Cardiology - February 18, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: Casper N. Bang, Morten Dalsgaard, Anders M. Greve, Lars Køber, Christa Gohlke-Baerwolf, Simon Ray, Anne B. Rossebø, Kenneth Egstrup, Kristian Wachtell Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Prognostic importance of atrial fibrillation in asymptomatic aortic stenosis: The Simvastatin and Ezetimibe in Aortic Stenosis study
Conclusion: Rate of AF is moderate in asymptomatic AS. Longstanding but not episodic AF was, independently predictive of increased risk of heart failure and non-hemorrhagic stroke. New-onset AF was associated with cardiac decompensation.
Source: International Journal of Cardiology - October 13, 2011 Category: Cardiology Authors: Anders M. Greve, Eva Gerdts, Kurt Boman, Christa Gohlke-Baerwolf, Anne B. Rossebø, Christoph A. Nienaber, Simon Ray, Kenneth Egstrup, Terje R. Pedersen, Lars Køber, Ronnie Willenheimer, Kristian Wachtell Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

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