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Specialty: Physiology
Drug: Insulin
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Total 1894 results found since Jan 2013.
Temporal optimization of exercise to lower fasting glucose levels
This study examined the effect of exercise timing on evening and overnight glucose concentrations in individuals who were non-obese with normal fasting glucose levels (Non-Ob; n = 18) and individuals with obesity (OB) with impaired fasting glucose levels (OB+IFG) and without (n = 16 and n = 18, respectively). Subjects were studied on three occasions (no exercise (NOEX)), morning exercise (AMEX; 0700 h) and evening exercise (PMEX; 2000 h). The evening meal was provided (1800 h) and blood samples were taken from 1740 to 0700 h and morning endogenous glucose production (EGP) was measured. Glucose and insulin concentrations in...
Source: The Journal of Physiology - September 21, 2023 Category: Physiology Authors: Jill A Kanaley J W Porter N C Winn G Lastra A Chockalingam R J Pettit-Mee G F Petroski C Cobelli M Schiavon E J Parks Source Type: research
Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Pancreatic β-Cells Induces Incretin Desensitization and β-Cell Dysfunction via ATF4-Mediated PDE4D Expression
Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2023 Sep 20. doi: 10.1152/ajpendo.00156.2023. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTPancreatic β-cell dysfunction and eventual loss are key steps in the progression of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress responses, especially those mediated by the PERK-ATF4 pathway, have been implicated in promoting these β-cell pathologies. However, the exact molecular events surrounding the role of the PERK-ATF4 pathway in β-cell dysfunction remain unknown. Here, we report our discovery that ATF4 promotes the expression of PDE4D, which disrupts β-cell function via a downregulation of cAMP s...
Source: American Journal of Physiology. Endocrinology and Metabolism - September 20, 2023 Category: Physiology Authors: Ji-Hye Lee Hanguk Ryu Hyejin Lee Hye Ram Yu Yurong Gao Kyeong-Min Lee Young-Joon Kim Jaemin Lee Source Type: research
Adipocyte STAT5 (signal transducer and activator of transcription 5) is not required for glucocorticoid-induced metabolic dysfunction
Conclusion: Adipocyte STAT5 is not necessary for GC-mediated progression of metabolic disease.PMID:37702737 | DOI:10.1152/ajpendo.00116.2023
Source: American Journal of Physiology. Endocrinology and Metabolism - September 13, 2023 Category: Physiology Authors: Innocence Harvey Allison J Richard Tamra M Mendoza Jacqueline M Stephens Source Type: research
Assessment of the incretin effect in healthy subjects: Concordance between clamp and OGTT methods
Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2023 Sep 13. doi: 10.1152/ajpendo.00104.2022. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe incretin effect describes the insulin response to nutrient ingestion that exceeds the response to glycemia per se. It is mediated by gastrointestinal factors and is necessary to maintain postprandial glucose homeostasis. The incretin effect results in a more than 2-fold increase of the insulin response to a meal in healthy people and two different techniques have been used in the past to measure its magnitude. Most studies employ an OGTT on one day, followed by a matching glucose infusion on a separate day. Anothe...
Source: American Journal of Physiology. Endocrinology and Metabolism - September 13, 2023 Category: Physiology Authors: Benedikt A Aulinger David A D'Alessio Source Type: research
LncRNA XIST promotes insulin resistance in gestational diabetes mellitus via the microRNA-181b-5p/NDRG2 axis
This study was designed to unravel the regulatory mechanism of XIST on animal models of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) progression via the microRNA (miR)-181b-5p/N-myc downstream-regulated gene 2 (NDRG2) axis. XIST, miR-181b-5p, and NDRG2 expression levels in GDM mice were detected. The GDM mice were subjected to gain- and loss-of-function assays to examine the change of glucose metabolism indices (fasting blood glucose (FBG), fasting insulin (FINS) and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR)), serum oxidative stress factors (glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and malondialdehyde (MDA)...
Source: General Physiology and Biophysics - September 13, 2023 Category: Physiology Authors: Yanli Xu Xiaodi Kang Huafang Liu Hongli Jiang Wenjing Wang Source Type: research
Adipocyte STAT5 (signal transducer and activator of transcription 5) is not required for glucocorticoid-induced metabolic dysfunction
Conclusion: Adipocyte STAT5 is not necessary for GC-mediated progression of metabolic disease.PMID:37702737 | DOI:10.1152/ajpendo.00116.2023
Source: American Journal of Physiology. Endocrinology and Metabolism - September 13, 2023 Category: Physiology Authors: Innocence Harvey Allison J Richard Tamra M Mendoza Jacqueline M Stephens Source Type: research
Assessment of the incretin effect in healthy subjects: Concordance between clamp and OGTT methods
Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2023 Sep 13. doi: 10.1152/ajpendo.00104.2022. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe incretin effect describes the insulin response to nutrient ingestion that exceeds the response to glycemia per se. It is mediated by gastrointestinal factors and is necessary to maintain postprandial glucose homeostasis. The incretin effect results in a more than 2-fold increase of the insulin response to a meal in healthy people and two different techniques have been used in the past to measure its magnitude. Most studies employ an OGTT on one day, followed by a matching glucose infusion on a separate day. Anothe...
Source: American Journal of Physiology. Endocrinology and Metabolism - September 13, 2023 Category: Physiology Authors: Benedikt A Aulinger David A D'Alessio Source Type: research
LncRNA XIST promotes insulin resistance in gestational diabetes mellitus via the microRNA-181b-5p/NDRG2 axis
This study was designed to unravel the regulatory mechanism of XIST on animal models of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) progression via the microRNA (miR)-181b-5p/N-myc downstream-regulated gene 2 (NDRG2) axis. XIST, miR-181b-5p, and NDRG2 expression levels in GDM mice were detected. The GDM mice were subjected to gain- and loss-of-function assays to examine the change of glucose metabolism indices (fasting blood glucose (FBG), fasting insulin (FINS) and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR)), serum oxidative stress factors (glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and malondialdehyde (MDA)...
Source: General Physiology and Biophysics - September 13, 2023 Category: Physiology Authors: Yanli Xu Xiaodi Kang Huafang Liu Hongli Jiang Wenjing Wang Source Type: research
Adipocyte STAT5 (signal transducer and activator of transcription 5) is not required for glucocorticoid-induced metabolic dysfunction
Conclusion: Adipocyte STAT5 is not necessary for GC-mediated progression of metabolic disease.PMID:37702737 | DOI:10.1152/ajpendo.00116.2023
Source: American Journal of Physiology. Endocrinology and Metabolism - September 13, 2023 Category: Physiology Authors: Innocence Harvey Allison J Richard Tamra M Mendoza Jacqueline M Stephens Source Type: research
Assessment of the incretin effect in healthy subjects: Concordance between clamp and OGTT methods
Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2023 Sep 13. doi: 10.1152/ajpendo.00104.2022. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe incretin effect describes the insulin response to nutrient ingestion that exceeds the response to glycemia per se. It is mediated by gastrointestinal factors and is necessary to maintain postprandial glucose homeostasis. The incretin effect results in a more than 2-fold increase of the insulin response to a meal in healthy people and two different techniques have been used in the past to measure its magnitude. Most studies employ an OGTT on one day, followed by a matching glucose infusion on a separate day. Anothe...
Source: American Journal of Physiology. Endocrinology and Metabolism - September 13, 2023 Category: Physiology Authors: Benedikt A Aulinger David A D'Alessio Source Type: research
Adipocyte STAT5 (signal transducer and activator of transcription 5) is not required for glucocorticoid-induced metabolic dysfunction
Conclusion: Adipocyte STAT5 is not necessary for GC-mediated progression of metabolic disease.PMID:37702737 | DOI:10.1152/ajpendo.00116.2023
Source: American Journal of Physiology. Endocrinology and Metabolism - September 13, 2023 Category: Physiology Authors: Innocence Harvey Allison J Richard Tamra M Mendoza Jacqueline M Stephens Source Type: research
Assessment of the incretin effect in healthy subjects: Concordance between clamp and OGTT methods
Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2023 Sep 13. doi: 10.1152/ajpendo.00104.2022. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe incretin effect describes the insulin response to nutrient ingestion that exceeds the response to glycemia per se. It is mediated by gastrointestinal factors and is necessary to maintain postprandial glucose homeostasis. The incretin effect results in a more than 2-fold increase of the insulin response to a meal in healthy people and two different techniques have been used in the past to measure its magnitude. Most studies employ an OGTT on one day, followed by a matching glucose infusion on a separate day. Anothe...
Source: American Journal of Physiology. Endocrinology and Metabolism - September 13, 2023 Category: Physiology Authors: Benedikt A Aulinger David A D'Alessio Source Type: research
LncRNA XIST promotes insulin resistance in gestational diabetes mellitus via the microRNA-181b-5p/NDRG2 axis
This study was designed to unravel the regulatory mechanism of XIST on animal models of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) progression via the microRNA (miR)-181b-5p/N-myc downstream-regulated gene 2 (NDRG2) axis. XIST, miR-181b-5p, and NDRG2 expression levels in GDM mice were detected. The GDM mice were subjected to gain- and loss-of-function assays to examine the change of glucose metabolism indices (fasting blood glucose (FBG), fasting insulin (FINS) and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR)), serum oxidative stress factors (glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and malondialdehyde (MDA)...
Source: General Physiology and Biophysics - September 13, 2023 Category: Physiology Authors: Yanli Xu Xiaodi Kang Huafang Liu Hongli Jiang Wenjing Wang Source Type: research
