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What Do Hospitalists Need to Know About Monkeypox?
What is monkeypox? Monkeypox is a rare infection caused by the monkeypox virus. Monkeypox virus belongs to the Orthopoxvirus genus in the family Poxviridae. The Orthopoxvirus genus also includes variola virus (which causes smallpox), vaccinia virus (used in the smallpox vaccine), and cowpox virus.1 It was first isolated in 1958 and identified as causing human disease in 1970. This pathogen was endemic in central and western African countries up until recently. Between 2018 to May 2022, about nine cases of monkeypox were confirmed in a few non-endemic countries.2 There are two strains of monkeypox: West African monkeypox ...
Source: The Hospitalist - June 24, 2022 Category: Hospital Management Authors: Daniel Hickman Tags: Clinical Guidelines Diagnostic Emerging Infections Infectious Diseases Source Type: research

Top 20 Research Studies of 2019 for Primary Care Physicians.
This article summarizes the clinical questions and bottom-line answers from the top 20 POEMs of 2019. Taking blood pressure medications at night results in a large mortality reduction over six years compared with morning dosing. Automated devices are the best way to measure blood pressure. Nonfasting lipid profiles are preferred over fasting lipid profiles, and nonfasting and fasting lipid profiles are equally effective at predicting risk. The benefit of statins for primary prevention in people 75 years and older is uncertain at best. Aspirin has no net benefit for primary prevention of cardiovascular disease and has no ef...
Source: American Family Physician - May 14, 2020 Category: Primary Care Authors: Ebell MH, Grad R Tags: Am Fam Physician Source Type: research

Gene Therapy Leaves a Vicious Cycle
Reena Goswami1, Gayatri Subramanian2, Liliya Silayeva1, Isabelle Newkirk1, Deborah Doctor1, Karan Chawla2, Saurabh Chattopadhyay2, Dhyan Chandra3, Nageswararao Chilukuri1 and Venkaiah Betapudi1,4* 1Neuroscience Branch, Research Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Chemical Defense, Aberdeen, MD, United States 2Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, OH, United States 3Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, United States 4Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Case Western Reserve University, Clev...
Source: Frontiers in Oncology - April 23, 2019 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Recombinant Zoster Vaccine (Shingrix ® ): A Review in Herpes Zoster
AbstractShingrix® is a recombinant zoster vaccine (RZV) that contains a varicella zoster virus glycoprotein  E antigen and the AS01B adjuvant system. The subunit vaccine is approved for the prevention of herpes zoster (HZ) [EU, USA, Japan, Canada and Australia] and postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) [EU and Australia] in adults aged  ≥ 50 years. In the pivotal trials in adults aged ≥ 50 years (ZOE-50) and ≥ 70 years (ZOE-70), RZV significantly reduced the risk of HZ and PHN. Its protective efficacy waned minimally over 4 years and was well preserved in adults aged ≥ 70 years. In patients with brea...
Source: Drugs and Aging - October 29, 2018 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research

Herpes zoster in frail elderly patients: prevalence, impact, management, and preventive strategies.
Abstract Population aging is a worldwide phenomenon with significant and manifold impacts on society. Advanced age correlates with the onset of frailty. In this vulnerable state, the immune response is weakened and a higher susceptibility to infectious diseases is observed. The present narrative review aims to cover the topic of herpes zoster (HZ) and its complications in frail populations. The lifetime risk of developing HZ is estimated at about 20-30%, and the risk increases with age. In older people, HZ can lead to the inability to recover the lifestyle, the interests, and the level of activity that existed bef...
Source: Aging Clinical and Experimental Research - May 2, 2018 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Zorzoli E, Pica F, Masetti G, Franco E, Volpi A, Gabutti G Tags: Aging Clin Exp Res Source Type: research