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Specialty: Neurosurgery

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Total 602 results found since Jan 2013.

Reversible and multiphasic parenchymal changes in MRI after coil embolization for a ruptured cerebral aneurysm
CONCLUSION: Given her history of metal allergy, and the reversible and multiphasic lesions in the non-vascular territories of the treated aneurysm, metal allergic encephalitis was most likely despite no clear evidence.PMID:37151465 | PMC:PMC10159284 | DOI:10.25259/SNI_160_2023
Source: Surgical Neurology International - May 8, 2023 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Shinya Miyamoto Hajime Nishido Yasushi Ino Katsumi Hoya Source Type: research

Long-term outcome of paediatric-onset multiple sclerosis: a population-based study
Conclusions 5.4% of patients with MS have POMS (2.7% <16 years; 0.3% <10 years) and have distinct phenotypic characteristics in early disease. Furthermore, while patients with POMS take longer to reach disability milestones, they do so at a younger age than their adult counterparts and could be considered to have a poorer prognosis. Management strategies for these patients should take account of these data.
Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry - January 10, 2013 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Harding, K. E., Liang, K., Cossburn, M. D., Ingram, G., Hirst, C. L., Pickersgill, T. P., Te Water Naude, J., Wardle, M., Ben-Shlomo, Y., Robertson, N. P. Tags: Immunology (including allergy), Multiple sclerosis Source Type: research

Biology of the blood-nerve barrier and its alteration in immune mediated neuropathies
The blood–nerve barrier (BNB) is a dynamic and competent interface between the endoneurial microenvironment and the surrounding extracellular space or blood. It is localised at the innermost layer of the multilayered ensheathing perineurium and endoneurial microvessels, and is the key structure that controls the internal milieu of the peripheral nerve parenchyma. Since the endoneurial BNB is the point of entry for pathogenic T cells and various soluble factors, including cytokines, chemokines and immunoglobulins, understanding this structure is important to prevent and treat human immune mediated neuropathies such as...
Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry - January 10, 2013 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Kanda, T. Tags: Immunology (including allergy), Neuromuscular disease, Peripheral nerve disease Source Type: research

The art of gene therapy for glioma: a review of the challenging road to the bedside
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a highly invasive brain tumour that is unvaryingly fatal in humans despite even aggressive therapeutic approaches such as surgical resection followed by chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Unconventional treatment options such as gene therapy provide an intriguing option for curbing glioma related deaths. To date, gene therapy has yielded encouraging results in preclinical animal models as well as promising safety profiles in phase I clinical trials, but has failed to demonstrate significant therapeutic efficacy in phase III clinical trials. The most widely studied antiglioma gene therapy strate...
Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry - January 10, 2013 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Tobias, A., Ahmed, A., Moon, K.-S., Lesniak, M. S. Tags: Editor's choice, Immunology (including allergy), Neurooncology, CNS cancer, Suicide (psychiatry), Radiology Neuro-oncology Source Type: research

Effect of rosuvastatin on cytokines after traumatic head injury.
Conclusions The authors' data suggest that statins may induce an antiinflammatory effect and may promote recovery after TBI. The role of statins in TBI therapy should be confirmed in larger clinical trials. Clinical trial registration no.: NCT00990028. PMID: 23289819 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Journal of Neurosurgery - January 4, 2013 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Sánchez-Aguilar M, Tapia-Pérez JH, Sánchez-Rodríguez JJ, Viñas-Ríos JM, Martínez-Pérez P, de la Cruz-Mendoza E, Sánchez-Reyna M, Torres-Corzo JG, Gordillo-Moscoso A Tags: J Neurosurg Source Type: research

Could saccadic function be a useful marker of stroke recovery?
There is no pharmacological therapy presently available to improve the long-term recovery from acute ischaemic stroke. Either there hasn't yet been a suitable treatment trialled, or the tools for measuring recovery have not been sensitive enough. It is critical therefore to continue to search for robust objective markers of stroke recovery in parallel with the push for drug discovery. Can saccade measures provide such a marker? Dong et al report that in a limited number of mild stroke patients, saccadic parameters that probe cognitive function, especially errors of inhibition during antisaccade and memory-guided paradigms,...
Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry - February 15, 2013 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Anderson, T. Tags: Other rehabilitative therapies, Genetics, Immunology (including allergy), Brain stem / cerebellum, Drugs: CNS (not psychiatric), Movement disorders (other than Parkinsons), Multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, Spinal cord, Stroke, Ophthalmology, Memor Source Type: research

Idiopathic hypertrophic cranial pachymeningitis: a rare but treatable cause of headache and facial pain
Introduction Idiopathic Hypertrophic Cranial Pachymeningitis (IHCP) is a rare disease with pain and compression related cranial nerve dysfunction as main clinical features. The leading diagnostic finding of IHCP consists of diffuse or localised thickening of the dura, which demands appropriate imaging and image interpretation. This case description aims at increasing the awareness for the clinical symptoms and imaging findings of this rare disease to allow prompt diagnosis and treatment initiation. Case description An 82-year-old man presented with recurrent left sided headache and worsening facial pain, which had begun mo...
Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry - February 15, 2013 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Khalil, M., Ebner, F., Fazekas, F., Enzinger, C. Tags: Immunology (including allergy), Meningitis, Brain stem / cerebellum, Cranial nerves, Headache (including migraine), Infection (neurology), Multiple sclerosis, Pain (neurology), Stroke, Hypertension, Ophthalmology, Radiology, Surgical diagnostic tests, Ear Source Type: research

Efficacy of mitoxantrone in neuromyelitis optica spectrum: clinical and neuroradiological study
Conclusions In this observational NMO study, MTX decreased dramatically the frequency of relapses, which is directly related to progression of disability or even death in this disorder.
Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry - April 8, 2013 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Cabre, P., Olindo, S., Marignier, R., Jeannin, S., Merle, H., Smadja, D., under the Aegis of the French National Observatory of Multiple Sclerosis Tags: Immunology (including allergy), Cranial nerves, Multiple sclerosis, Ophthalmology Source Type: research

CSF high-mobility group box 1 is associated with intrathecal inflammation and astrocytic damage in neuromyelitis optica
Conclusions HMGB1 could play a key role in central nervous system inflammation in NMO patients.
Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry - April 8, 2013 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Uzawa, A., Mori, M., Masuda, S., Muto, M., Kuwabara, S. Tags: Immunology (including allergy), Cranial nerves, Multiple sclerosis, Ophthalmology Source Type: research

Impaired social cognition in multiple sclerosis
Conclusions These results suggest impaired social cognition in MS. Importantly, ToM impairments in this group may not simply be a consequence of the well known neuropsychological deficits. Difficulties with correctly identifying emotions, thoughts and intentions in social situations may result in interpersonal problems and could contribute to the psychosocial burden of MS.
Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry - April 8, 2013 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Pottgen, J., Dziobek, I., Reh, S., Heesen, C., Gold, S. M. Tags: Immunology (including allergy), Drugs: CNS (not psychiatric), Multiple sclerosis, Memory disorders (psychiatry) Source Type: research

Cerebrospinal fluid amyloid-{beta} and phenotypic heterogeneity in de novo Parkinson's disease
Conclusions Motor heterogeneity in de novo PD independently relates to CSF Aβ markers, with low levels found in patients with the PIGD presentation. This suggests that disturbed Aβ metabolism has an effect on PD beyond cognition and may contribute to the variable rate of motor and functional decline in PD.
Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry - April 8, 2013 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Alves, G., Pedersen, K. F., Bloem, B. R., Blennow, K., Zetterberg, H., Borm, G. F., Dalaker, T. O., Beyer, M. K., Aarsland, D., Andreasson, U., Lange, J., Tysnes, O.-B., Zivadinov, R., Larsen, J. P. Tags: Immunology (including allergy), Drugs: CNS (not psychiatric), Parkinson's disease, Stroke, Memory disorders (psychiatry) Movement disorders Source Type: research

Bickerstaff brainstem encephalitis and Fisher syndrome: anti-GQ1b antibody syndrome
In the 1950s, Bickerstaff and Fisher independently described cases with a unique presentation of ophthalmoplegia and ataxia. The neurological features were typically preceded by an antecedent infection and the majority of patients made a spontaneous recovery. In the cases with Bickerstaff brainstem encephalitis, there was associated altered consciousness and in some, hyperreflexia, in support of a central pathology whereas in Fisher syndrome, patients were areflexic in keeping with a peripheral aetiology. However, both authors recognised certain similarities to Guillain–Barré syndrome such as the presence of p...
Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry - April 8, 2013 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Shahrizaila, N., Yuki, N. Tags: Editor's choice, Immunology (including allergy), Cranial nerves, Infection (neurology), Neuromuscular disease, Peripheral nerve disease, Ophthalmology, Memory disorders (psychiatry) Source Type: research

Bilateral thoracic long nerve involvement in motor multifocal neuropathy
A 20-year-old man presented with a 6-month history of progressive weakness in the right hand. Neurological examination showed a bilateral weakness of hand muscles more pronounced in the right hand, slight scapula winging and no sensory disturbances. Nerve conduction studies showed motor conduction blocks in the median and ulnar nerves bilaterally (figure 1), with normal sensory conduction studies, suggesting a motor multifocal neuropathy (MMN). Somatosensory evoked potentials from ulnar and median nerves were unremarkable. Anti-GM1 antibodies were not detectable. Brachial plexus magnetic resonance detected a bilateral invo...
Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry - April 8, 2013 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Luigetti, M., Cianfoni, A., Servidei, S., Mirabella, M. Tags: Immunology (including allergy), Motor neurone disease, Neuromuscular disease, Peripheral nerve disease, Spinal cord, Radiology Neurological pictures Source Type: research

Paediatric autoimmune encephalopathies: a lot done, more to do
Early recognition of paediatric autoimmune encephalopathies is critical because they are treatable. Serological findings and response to immunotherapy are confirmatory. The expedited diagnosis of an autoimmune neurological disorder is critical because early treatment facilitates improvement. The data reported by Hacohen et al from a multi-institutional experience of childhood autoimmune encephalopathies should promote early recognition of these disorders.1 Autoimmunity ranks high in the differential diagnosis for encephalopathy. Suspicion is heightened when neuropsychiatric symptom onset is subacute, autoimmunity is record...
Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry - June 9, 2013 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: McKeon, A., Lennon, V. A. Tags: Immunology (including allergy), Epilepsy and seizures, Neuroimaging, Child and adolescent psychiatry Editorial commentaries Source Type: research

Is 'Bickerstaff brainstem encephalitis' really encephalitis?
Bickerstaff brainstem encephalitis (BBE) is characterised by acute ophthalmoplegia, ataxia, and some features suggesting CNS involvement such as consciousness disturbance. In 1951, Bickerstaff and Cloake described three patients in their original report entitled ‘Mesencephalitis and rhomboencephalitis’, and in 1957 Bickerstaff expanded his series to eight patients and proposed the condition ‘brainstem encephalitis’, subsequently termed ‘BBE’. Between the two publications, in 1956 Miller Fisher described three patients with "an unusual variant of acute idiopathic polyneuritis (syndrome of...
Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry - June 9, 2013 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Kuwabara, S., Misawa, S., Mori, M. Tags: Immunology (including allergy), Cranial nerves, Drugs: CNS (not psychiatric), Infection (neurology), Multiple sclerosis, Neuromuscular disease, Peripheral nerve disease, Ophthalmology, Memory disorders (psychiatry) Editorial commentaries Source Type: research