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Nutrition: Vitamins

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Total 1421 results found since Jan 2013.

Vitamin D and Sepsis: From Associations to Causal Connections.
Abstract The physiological roles of vitamin D in the functioning of the immune and inflammatory systems have been the subject of intense research over the past decade and have stimulated interest in the connections between this steroid hormone and sepsis. While the science directly examining the relationship between sepsis and vitamin D is still emerging, many inferences can be made from current literature from various scientific disciplines looking at the seasonal, geographical and racial patterns of infections and vitamin D deficiency. This review will explore these associations, drawing from the fields of ecolo...
Source: Inflammation and Allergy Drug Targets - June 13, 2013 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Kempker JA, Martin GS Tags: Inflamm Allergy Drug Targets Source Type: research

Vitamin D in acute kidney injury.
Abstract Vitamin D deficiency is common in critically ill patients and associated with increased mortality, as well as an increased risk of acute kidney injury. The occurrence of acute kidney injury by itself substantially increases critical care mortality. In addition to regulating calcium and phosphorus homeostasis and bone metabolism, vitamin D has pleotropic effects on the immune response. Potential mechanisms of how a deficiency in vitamin D could predispose individuals to increased risk of acute renal failure include dysregulation of the immune system, predisposing patients to sepsis, endothelial dysfunction...
Source: Inflammation and Allergy Drug Targets - June 13, 2013 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Braun AB, Christopher KB Tags: Inflamm Allergy Drug Targets Source Type: research

Efficacy of high-dose vitamin D supplementation in the critically ill.
This article will review results from observational studies on prevalence and outcomes of hypovitaminosis D in critically ill patients, as well as caveats of vitamin D interventional trials. Improved understanding of vitamin D metabolism in critical illness will clarify the therapeutic potential of this pleiotropic hormone and facilitate implementation of cost-effective clinical trials. PMID: 23782210 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Inflammation and Allergy Drug Targets - June 13, 2013 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Perron RM, Lee P Tags: Inflamm Allergy Drug Targets Source Type: research

Vitamin D Intervention Trials in the Critically Ill.
Abstract Vitamin D deficiency is common in critically ill patients and has been associated with adverse outcomes. Although many interesting observational studies have been published, only four small randomized controlled trials have been conducted in this vulnerable population. Endpoints included bone turnover, inflammatory markers and safety/efficacy issues. However, all of these trials were underpowered to detect clinically relevant endpoints due to their small sample size. Therefore, future studies focusing on morbidity and mortality endpoints are necessary in order to clarify whether vitamin D deficiency is on...
Source: Inflammation and Allergy Drug Targets - June 13, 2013 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Schnedl C, Pieber TR, Amrein K Tags: Inflamm Allergy Drug Targets Source Type: research

Vitamin D Deficiency and Acute Lung Injury.
Abstract Acute Lung Injury (ALI) and the more severe form Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) remain a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in the critically ill patient. It is characterised by a severe inflammatory process resulting in diffuse alveolar damage, influx of neutrophils, macrophages and a protein rich exudate in the alveolar spaces caused by endothelial and epithelial injury. Improvements in outcomes are in part due to restrictive fluid management and protective lung ventilation however successful therapeutic strategies remain elusive with promising therapies failing to translate positi...
Source: Inflammation and Allergy Drug Targets - June 13, 2013 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Parekh D, Thickett DR, Turner AM Tags: Inflamm Allergy Drug Targets Source Type: research

Vitamin D Measurement in the Intensive Care Unit: Methodology, Clinical Relevance and Interpretation of a Random Value.
Abstract Vitamin D deficiency, as measured by a random level of 25-hydroxyvitamin D is very prevalent in critically ill patients admitted to the ICU and is associated with adverse outcomes. Both 25(OH)vitamin D and 1α,25(OH)2D3 are difficult to analyse because of their lipophilic nature, affinity for VDBP and small concentrations. Also, the various tests used to estimate vitamin D levels show significant inter- and intra-assay variability, which significantly affect the veracity of the results obtained and confound their interpretation. The two main types of assays include those that directly estimate vitamin D l...
Source: Inflammation and Allergy Drug Targets - June 13, 2013 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Krishnan A, Venkatesh B Tags: Inflamm Allergy Drug Targets Source Type: research

Prevalence and risk factors of vitamin D deficiency in critically ill patients.
Abstract Vitamin D (Vit D) is well known for its traditional role in calcium and bone homeostasis. Sun exposure and diet are essential for Vit D synthesis and intake. However, the association of Vit D deficiency with various diseases has held the attention of clinicians. Of note, Vit D has pleiotropic effects that could be involved in the optimal functioning of many organ systems. Several epidemiologic studies have documented widespread Vit D deficiency worldwide. Vit D deficiency is also frequent in hospitalized patients. Recently, publications have suggested a high prevalence of Vit D deficiency in critically il...
Source: Inflammation and Allergy Drug Targets - June 13, 2013 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Sauneuf B, Brunet J, Lucidarme O, du Cheyron D Tags: Inflamm Allergy Drug Targets Source Type: research

The Role of Vitamin D in Prevention and Treatment of Infection.
Abstract Vitamin D is well known for its classic role in the maintenance of bone mineral density. However, vitamin D also has an important "non-classic" influence on the body's immune system by modulating the innate and adaptive immune system, influencing the production of important endogenous antimicrobial peptides such as cathelicidin, and regulating the inflammatory cascade. Multiple epidemiological studies in adults and children have demonstrated that vitamin D deficiency is associated with increased risk and greater severity of infection, particularly of the respiratory tract. Although the exact mechanisms by...
Source: Inflammation and Allergy Drug Targets - June 13, 2013 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Gunville CF, Mourani PM, Ginde AA Tags: Inflamm Allergy Drug Targets Source Type: research

Contact dermatitis to vitamin K1 in an eye cream.
PMID: 23987205 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Annals of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology - September 1, 2013 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Lopez-Lerma I, Vilaplana J Tags: Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol Source Type: research

Allergic rhinitis and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D level in Korean adults.
CONCLUSION: This study suggested a potential association between low vitamin D levels and AR prevalence in Korean adults. PMID: 24125140 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Annals of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology - October 18, 2013 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Jung JW, Kim JY, Cho SH, Choi BW, Min KU, Kang HR Tags: Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol Source Type: research

Vitamin D in Pregnancy and Early LifeVitamin D in Pregnancy and Early Life
Over the last decade the rates of food allergy and eczema have continued to increase dramatically in children. Will vitamin D for mom's-to-be reverse the trend? Expert Review of Clinical Immunology
Source: Medscape Allergy Headlines - November 20, 2013 Category: Allergy & Immunology Tags: Allergy & Clinical Immunology Journal Article Source Type: news

Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels are lower in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis and are correlated with disease severity in Taiwanese patients.
CONCLUSION: A significantly lower vitamin D level was found in a group of Taiwanese CRSwNP patients, which revealed an association with greater nasal polyp size. Serum vitamin D levels could be added to the routine workup of patients suffering from CRS and these data could be used to potentially help determine the disease severity. PMID: 24274207 [PubMed - in process]
Source: American Journal of Rhinology and Allergy - November 1, 2013 Category: ENT & OMF Authors: Wang LF, Lee CH, Chien CY, Chen JY, Chiang FY, Tai CF Tags: Am J Rhinol Allergy Source Type: research

Long-term Multimodal Therapy (Verapamil Associated with Propolis, Blueberry, Vitamin E and local Diclofenac) on Patients with Peyronie's Disease (Chronic Inflammation of the Tunica Albuginea ). Results of a Controlled Study.
CONCLUSION: Our results showed that a long-term multimodal medical therapy (Verapamil associated with Propolis, Blueberry, Vitamin E and local Diclofenac) is statistically effective in treating PD, whereas, lower therapeutic responses were obtained after 6 months treatment (medium-term treatment). Furthermore, this study strongly supports the recommendation that the best approach for treating PD is multimodal therapy. PMID: 24304332 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Inflammation and Allergy Drug Targets - December 4, 2013 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Paulis G, Cavallini G, Giorgio GD, Quattrocchi S, Brancato T, Alvaro R Tags: Inflamm Allergy Drug Targets Source Type: research

Vitamin e supplementation, lung functions and clinical manifestations in children with moderate asthma: a randomized double blind placebo- controlled trial.
Abstract Asthma is the most common chronic inflammatory disorder characterized by cough, wheezing and dyspnea in children. Nutrition is an important factor which influences on induction and exacerbation of asthma. There are controversies to use Vitamin E in asthmatic patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of vitamin E supplement in children with moderate asthma. This is a randomized double blind placebo-controlled trial performed on children (age 2-17 years old) with moderate asthma (5-17 years old) from March 2010 to March 2012. Case group were treated with fluticasone and vitamin E (50mg/day)...
Source: Iranian Journal of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology - December 19, 2013 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Ghaffari J, Farid Hossiani R, Khalilian A, Nahanmoghadam N, Salehifar E, Rafatpanah H Tags: Iran J Allergy Asthma Immunol Source Type: research

Effect of vitamin D on T-helper type 9 polarized human memory cells in chronic persistent asthma.
CONCLUSION: Vitamin D decreased inflammatory cytokine profiles in TH9 memory cells and CD4(+) cells stimulated with dust mite allergen. Vitamin D is additive with dexamethasone in decreasing inflammatory cytokine production from T-cell subsets implicated in asthma. PMID: 24468256 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Annals of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology - February 1, 2014 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Keating P, Munim A, Hartmann JX Tags: Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol Source Type: research