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Functional connectivity alterations associated with literacy difficulties in early readers
AbstractThe link between literacy difficulties and brain alterations has been described in depth. Resting-state fMRI (rs-fMRI) has been successfully applied to the study of intrinsic functional connectivity (iFc) both in dyslexia and typically developing children. Most related studies have focused on the stages from late childhood into adulthood using a seed to voxel approach. Our study analyzes iFc in an early childhood sample using the multivariate pattern analysis. This facilitates a hypothesis-free analysis and the possible identification of abnormal functional connectivity patterns at a whole brain level. Thirty-four ...
Source: Brain Imaging and Behavior - October 13, 2020 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Is excessive visual crowding causally linked to developmental dyslexia?
Publication date: Available online 8 May 2019Source: NeuropsychologiaAuthor(s): Sara Bertoni, Sandro Franceschini, Luca Ronconi, Simone Gori, Andrea FacoettiAbstractFor about 10% of children reading acquisition is extremely difficult because they are affected by a heritable neurobiological disorder called developmental dyslexia (DD), mainly associated to an auditory-phonological disorder. Visual crowding is a universal phenomenon that impairs the recognition of stimuli in clutter, such as a letter in a word or a word in a text. Several studies have shown an excessive crowding in individuals with DD, but the causal link bet...
Source: Neuropsychologia - May 9, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Transcranial electrical stimulation improves phoneme processing in developmental dyslexia
About 10 % of the western population suffers from a specific disability in the acquisition of reading and writing skills, known as developmental dyslexia (DD). Even though DD starts in childhood it frequently continuous throughout lifetime. Impaired processing of acoustic features at the phonematic scale based on dysfunctional auditory temporal resolution is considered as one core deficit underlying DD. Recently, the efficacy of transcranial electrical stimulation (tES) to modulate auditory temporal resolution and phoneme processing in healthy individuals has been demonstrated.
Source: BRAIN STIMULATION: Basic, Translational, and Clinical Research in Neuromodulation - February 13, 2019 Category: Neurology Authors: Katharina Rufener, Kerstin Krauel, Martin Meyer, Hans-Jochen Heinze, Tino Zaehle Source Type: research

Exploring the Link between Visual Perception, Visual –Motor Integration, and Reading in Normal Developing and Impaired Children using DTVP‐2
Reading is known to be primarily a linguistic task. However, to successfully decode written words, children also need to develop good visual‐perception skills. Furthermore, motor skills are implicated in letter recognition and reading acquisition. Three studies have been designed to determine the link between reading, visual perception, and visual–motor integration using the Developmental Test of Visual Perception version 2 (DTVP‐2). Study 1 tests how visual perception and visual–motor integration in kindergarten predict reading outcomes in Grade 1, in typical developing children. Study 2 is aimed at finding out if...
Source: Dyslexia - May 1, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: St éphanie Bellocchi, Mathilde Muneaux, Andréa Huau, Yohana Lévêque, Marianne Jover, Stéphanie Ducrot Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

NRSN1 associated grey matter volume of the visual word form area reveals dyslexia before school
Literacy learning depends on the flexibility of the human brain to reconfigure itself in response to environmental influences. At the same time, literacy and disorders of literacy acquisition are heritable and thus to some degree genetically predetermined. Here we used a multivariate non-parametric genetic model to relate literacy-associated genetic variants to grey and white matter volumes derived by voxel-based morphometry in a cohort of 141 children. Subsequently, a sample of 34 children attending grades 4 to 8, and another sample of 20 children, longitudinally followed from kindergarten to first grade, were classified ...
Source: Brain - September 25, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Skeide, M. A., Kraft, I., Müller, B., Schaadt, G., Neef, N. E., Brauer, J., Wilcke, A., Kirsten, H., Boltze, J., Friederici, A. D. Tags: Neuropsychiatry Original Articles Source Type: research

Cognitive Abilities Underlying Reading Accuracy, Fluency and Spelling Acquisition in Korean Hangul Learners from Grades 1 to 4: A Cross‐Sectional Study
The purpose of this cross‐sectional study was to examine the cognitive abilities that predict reading and spelling performance in Korean children in Grades 1 to 4, depending on expertise and reading experience. As a result, visual cognition, phonological awareness, naming speed and receptive vocabulary significantly predicted reading accuracy in children in Grades 1 and 2, whereas visual cognition, phonological awareness and rapid naming speed did not predict reading accuracy in children in higher grades. For reading, fluency, phonological awareness, rapid naming speed and receptive vocabulary were crucial abilities in c...
Source: Dyslexia - May 1, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Hyun‐Rin Park, Akira Uno Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

Contributions of Syntactic Awareness to Reading in Chinese‐speaking Adolescent Readers with and without Dyslexia
This study investigated the relative contribution of syntactic awareness to Chinese reading among Chinese‐speaking adolescent readers with and without dyslexia. A total of 78 junior high school students in Hong Kong, 26 dyslexic adolescent readers, 26 average adolescent readers of the same age (chronological age control group) and 26 younger readers matched with the same reading level (reading‐level group) participated and were administered measures of IQ, syntactic awareness, morphological awareness, vocabulary knowledge, working memory, word reading, and reading comprehension. Results showed that dyslexic readers sco...
Source: Dyslexia - January 21, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: Kevin K. H. Chung, Connie S‐H Ho, David W. Chan, Suk‐Man Tsang, Suk‐Han Lee Tags: Research Article Source Type: research