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SOCS and Herpesviruses, With Emphasis on Cytomegalovirus Retinitis
Christine I. Alston1,2 and Richard D. Dix1,2* 1Department of Biology, Viral Immunology Center, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, United States 2Department of Ophthalmology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States Suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS) proteins provide selective negative feedback to prevent pathogeneses caused by overstimulation of the immune system. Of the eight known SOCS proteins, SOCS1 and SOCS3 are the best studied, and systemic deletion of either gene causes early lethality in mice. Many viruses, including herpesviruses such as herpes simplex virus and cytomega...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - April 10, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

Mutation Frequencies in HIV-1 Genome in Regions Containing Efficient RNAi Targets As Calculated from Ultra-Deep Sequencing Data.
Abstract HIV-1 is one of the most variable viruses. The development of gene therapy technology using RNAi for AIDS/HIV-1 treatment is a potential alternative for traditional anti-retroviral therapy. Anti-HIV-1 siRNA should aim to exploit the most conserved viral targets. Using the deep sequencing of potential RNAi targets in 100-nt HIV-1 genome fragments from the clinical HIV-1 subtype A isolates in Russia, we found that the frequencies of all possible transversions and transitions in certain RNAi targets are 3-38 times lower than in adjacent sequences. Therefore, these targets are conserved. We propose the develo...
Source: Molekuliarnaia Biologiia - May 1, 2018 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Kretova OV, Gorbacheva MA, Fedoseeva DM, Kravatsky YV, Chechetkin VR, Tchurikov NA Tags: Mol Biol (Mosk) Source Type: research

Cancers, Vol. 14, Pages 4123: Recent Trends in Nanomedicine-Based Strategies to Overcome Multidrug Resistance in Tumors
lin Cancer is the leading cause of economic and health burden worldwide. The commonly used approaches for the treatment of cancer are chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and surgery. Chemotherapy frequently results in undesirable side effects, and cancer cells may develop resistance. Combating drug resistance is a challenging task in cancer treatment. Drug resistance may be intrinsic or acquired and can be due to genetic factors, growth factors, the increased efflux of drugs, DNA repair, and the metabolism of xenobiotics. The strategies used to combat drug resistance include the nanomedicine-based targeted delivery of drugs an...
Source: Cancers - August 26, 2022 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Muhammad Muzamil Khan Vladimir P. Torchilin Tags: Review Source Type: research