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Risk of Zika virus transmission from mother to unborn child much higher than expected
FINDINGSAccording to a new study by UCLA researchers and colleagues conducted in Brazil, 65% of children born to mothers infected withthe Zikavirusalsotested positive for the mosquito-borneinfection— a much higher rate than expected.The findings indicatethat even babies whohave no outward neurological or other symptoms associated with Zika can still be infected with the virus andare potentially at risk offuturedevelopmental problems.  BACKGROUNDThe study representsthe first time that the mother-to-child transmission rate of Zika has been reportedfor a group of children who were tracked over several years — including f...
Source: UCLA Newsroom: Health Sciences - July 27, 2020 Category: Universities & Medical Training Source Type: news

Study: 15 percent of babies exposed to Zika before birth had severe abnormalities in first 18 months of life
This study was supported by the National Institutes of Health ’s National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases and National Eye Institute, the Thrasher Research Fund, the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation Grand Challenges Explorations, and grants from government agencies and other funders in Brazil.
Source: UCLA Newsroom: Health Sciences - December 12, 2018 Category: Universities & Medical Training Source Type: news

40 years after first Ebola outbreak, survivors show signs they can stave off new infection
Survivors of the first known Ebola outbreak, which occurred in the Democratic Republic of the Congo in 1976, may be key to development of vaccines and therapeutic drugs to treat future outbreaks, according to a new study led by researchers at the UCLA Fielding School of Public Health.UCLA researchers located the 14 Ebola survivors of the 1976 outbreak who, in January 2016, were still living in the same small, remote villages in the forests of the Équateur Province of northwestern Democratic Republic of the Congo. The researchers obtained blood samples and health history reports from them. The data revealed evidence that t...
Source: UCLA Newsroom: Health Sciences - December 14, 2017 Category: Universities & Medical Training Source Type: news

Eliminating HIV is possible; UCLA, Danish researchers explain how
Worldwide, about 35 million people are living with HIV. The World Health Organization and the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS plan to use an approach called “treatment as prevention” to eliminate the global pandemic, which the WHO says will have occurred when only one person out of 1,000 becomes infected each year. Now, a nearly two-decade analysis by researchers from UCLA and Denmark yields the first proof that the approach could work. Reviewing Danish medical records, they found that the treatment-as-prevention strategy has brought Denmark’s HIV epidemic to the brink of elimination. The study found that ...
Source: UCLA Newsroom: Health Sciences - May 10, 2016 Category: Universities & Medical Training Source Type: news

UCLA scientists unravel the genetic evolution of Zika virus
How does a formerly innocuous and obscure virus like Zika transform itself into a feared pathogen inflicting a devastating impact on global health? A new UCLA study suggests that the virus possesses the ability to mutate rapidly, allowing the current outbreak to spread swiftly around the world. The Cell Press journal, Cell Host & Microbe, published the findings today in its advance online edition. “The Zika virus has undergone significant genetic changes in the past 70 years,” explained senior author Genhong Cheng, a professor of microbiology, immunology and molecular genetics at the David Geffen School of Medicin...
Source: UCLA Newsroom: Health Sciences - April 15, 2016 Category: Universities & Medical Training Source Type: news

Update on Early Nutrition and Food Allergy in Children.
Abstract With growing evidence of an increase in the prevalence, food allergy has been emerged as a new public health problem. As treatment and management of food allergy remain challenging, more attention has been paid to the importance of prevention of food allergy. Although the exact mechanism of recent epidemic is not fully understood, it is suggested that nutritional exposure in early life may play an important role in food allergy development. The underlying hypothesis is that nutritional status or food exposure in the critical period of fetal development can affect the programming of immune system and modif...
Source: Yonsei Medical Journal - March 23, 2016 Category: Universities & Medical Training Authors: Lee SE, Kim H Tags: Yonsei Med J Source Type: research

UCLA study: To stop spread of HIV, African governments should target hot zones
David Gerberry Efficiency of reducing transmission of HIV in South African provinces, from red (best) to orange (moderate) to green (worst). Blue and pink bars show prevalence of HIV for men and women, respectively. While Ebola has attracted much of the world’s attention recently, a severe HIV epidemic rages on around the world and in sub-Saharan Africa in particular. Globally, more than 34 million people are infected with HIV; in sub-Saharan Africa alone, 3 million new infections occur annually. In an attempt to stop the spread of HIV, governments in the region are considering providing antiretroviral drugs to people w...
Source: UCLA Newsroom: Health Sciences - December 2, 2014 Category: Universities & Medical Training Source Type: news

Community-based HIV prevention can boost testing, help reduce new infections
Communities in Africa and Thailand that worked together on HIV-prevention efforts saw not only a rise in HIV screening but a drop in new infections, according to a new study in the peer-reviewed journal The Lancet Global Health.   The U.S. National Institute of Mental Health's Project Accept — a trial conducted by the HIV Prevention Trials Network to test a combination of social, behavioral and structural HIV-prevention interventions — demonstrated that a series of community efforts boosted the number of people tested for HIV and resulted in a 14 percent reduction in new HIV infections, compared with control communi...
Source: UCLA Newsroom: Health Sciences - April 18, 2014 Category: Universities & Medical Training Source Type: news

Community-based HIV-prevention efforts can boost testing, help reduce new infections
In Africa and Thailand, communities that worked together on HIV-prevention efforts saw not only a rise in HIV screening but a drop in new infections, according to a new study presented this week at the Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections in Atlanta.   The U.S. National Institute of Mental Health's Project Accept — a trial conducted by the HIV Prevention Trials Network to test a combination of social, behavioral and structural HIV-prevention interventions — demonstrated that a series of community efforts was able to boost the number of people tested for...
Source: UCLA Newsroom: Health Sciences - March 5, 2013 Category: Universities & Medical Training Source Type: news