• Filter By:
• Specialty
• Source
• Condition
• Cancer
• Infectious Disease
• Drug
• Training
• Management
• Procedure
• Therapy
• Vaccine
• Nutrition
• Country

Sex Differences in IL-33-Induced STAT6-Dependent Type 2 Airway Inflammation
In this study, we have demonstrated that delivery of OVA+IL-33 to the lungs of mice induced an innate inflammatory response that exhibited sex-dependent differences in magnitude and regulation. Compared to males, female mice produced larger amounts of type 2 cytokines and chemokines and had substantially more activated eosinophils and AAM in the lung; each of these responses was significantly lower in female mice lacking STAT6. On the contrary, male mice displayed less inflammation overall, and in some instances, no apparent role for STAT6 was observed. BALF levels of inflammatory mediators and eosinophils were very lo...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - April 30, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

Blocking IL-19 Signaling Ameliorates Allergen-Induced Airway Inflammation
This study was carried out in accordance with the recommendations of the National Institutes of Health standards and guidelines for the care and use of experimental animals. The protocol was approved by the Animal Ethics Committee of National Cheng Kung University (IACUC NO. 107272 and 105077). Author Contributions J-YW and M-SC designed the study. Y-HW and Y-LL performed the experiments. Y-HW and W-YC analyzed the data. Y-HW, W-YC, and M-SC wrote the manuscript. W-YC and J-YW provided critical technical and scientific guidance and discussion. Funding This work was supported by research grant from the Ministry of Scien...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - April 29, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

Th2-TRMs Maintain Life-Long Allergic Memory in Experimental Asthma in Mice
This study was carried out in strict accordance with the guidelines for the care and use of laboratory animals of the Austrian Ministry of Science. The protocol was approved by the Committee on the Ethics of the Austrian Ministry of Science (Number: GZ: 66.009/0330-II/3b/2013). All painful procedures were performed under anesthesia, and all efforts were made to minimize suffering. Author Contributions BB designed and performed experiments, analyzed the samples and contributed to the manuscript preparation. SK designed and performed experiments, analyzed the samples and contributed to the manuscript preparation. LA perfor...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - April 23, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

Group 2 Innate Lymphoid Cells Are Redundant in Experimental Renal Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury
In this study, we sought to further characterize ILC2s in the kidney, their location within this organ and determine their functional role in IRI using a loss-of-function approach. Here, we found that kidney ILC2s constitutively express IL-5 and are primarily located in close proximity to the renal vasculature, within the adventitia. Additionally, we demonstrate that a reduction, deficiency or depletion of ILC2s had minimal impact on the severity of IRI. Whilst activation of ILC2s and the associated amplification of local type 2 immunity has been previously shown to reduce the deleterious consequences of AKI, our results r...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - April 15, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

ALCAM Mediates DC Migration Through Afferent Lymphatics and Promotes Allospecific Immune Reactions
In conclusion, our findings identify ALCAM as a novel therapeutic target for preventing corneal allograft rejection in high-risk patient populations. Moreover, given the documented contribution of ALCAM to (lymph)angiogenesis, DC migration, and T cell activation, ALCAM blockade might represent a therapeutic strategy for treating other immune-mediated inflammatory conditions, such as solid organ transplant rejection, allergy or autoimmune diseases. Experimental Procedures Cloning, Expression, and Purification of I/F8-Fc and KSF-Fc For cloning of I/F8-Fc and KSF-Fc the respective scFv sequence was amplified from previousl...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - April 11, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

The Antidepressant Mirtazapine Inhibits Hepatic Innate Immune Networks to Attenuate Immune-Mediated Liver Injury in Mice
Conclusion: Our data suggest that mirtazapine can attenuate hepatic innate immune responses that critically regulate the subsequent development of autoimmune liver injury. Therefore, given that it is a safe and widely used medication, mirtazapine may represent a novel therapeutic approach to autoimmune liver disease. Introduction Classically, autoimmune disease was considered a disorder of adaptive immunity (1). However, early innate immune responses are clearly important for driving subsequent adaptive immune responses in autoimmunity. In numerous autoimmune disease models, activation of resident tissue macrophages,...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - April 11, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

Sequential Immunization With Live-Attenuated Chimeric Hemagglutinin-Based Vaccines Confers Heterosubtypic Immunity Against Influenza A Viruses in a Preclinical Ferret Model
This study was also partly funded by a research contract from GSK. The findings and conclusions contained within are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect positions or policies of the funders. Conflict of Interest Statement AG-S, FK, and PP are inventors in patent applications filed and owned b
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - April 9, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research