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Total 84 results found since Jan 2013.

Her work paved the way for blockbuster obesity drugs. Now, she ’s fighting for recognition
When Svetlana Mojsov heard the spring 2021 announcement, she was startled. The Canada Gairdner International Award, a prestigious biomedical research prize, would be bestowed on three scientists for work underpinning the diabetes and obesity drugs that have exploded in popularity in recent years. “I was really upset,” recalls Mojsov, a chemist at Rockefeller University. The Gairdner award marked the third time in 4 years that the same trio of scientists—Joel Habener at Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH), Daniel Drucker at the University of Toronto, and Jens Juul Holst at the University of Copenhagen—were hon...
Source: Science of Aging Knowledge Environment - September 8, 2023 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research

One Man ’ s Quest to Heal the Oceans —And Maybe Save the World
Enric Sala—marine ecologist, conservationist, and ocean advocate—is standing under a life-size replica of a Northern Atlantic Right Whale at the natural history museum in Washington, D.C., and the air outside is smudged with wildfire smoke drifting down from Canada. It’s not surprising that Sala wants to talk about the smoke, or about whales. Their poop, however, is an unexpected twist. According to Sala, whale excrement, or, more precisely, the lack of it, has a role to play in the choking miasma that has forced my interview with one of the world’s foremost ocean explorers indoors instead of out on...
Source: TIME: Science - August 24, 2023 Category: Science Authors: Aryn Baker Tags: Uncategorized climate change healthscienceclimate TIME 2030 Source Type: news

Breathless oceans: Warming waters could suffocate marine life and disrupt fisheries
.parallax__element{ object-position: 70% 60%; -o-object-position: 70% 60%; } Off the Canary Islands in Spain— Sometimes salvation arrives in the darkest hours. After nearly 4 days and nights of futility, the cry came from the back of the small fishing boat 3 hours after sunset. “ Azul ! Azul ! Azul !” Rayco Garcia Habas stood at the railing near the stern, straining against the fishing rod as a massive fish—a blue ( azul ) shark, he was sure—tugged it toward the dark Atlantic waters. He looked over his shoulder at a watching team of biologists, grinned, and called out “ C...
Source: Science of Aging Knowledge Environment - February 2, 2023 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research

Molecular diversity and functional implication of amphibian interferon complex: Remarking immune adaptation in vertebrate evolution
Dev Comp Immunol. 2022 Dec 28:104624. doi: 10.1016/j.dci.2022.104624. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTCross-species comparison of vertebrate genomes has unraveled previously unknown complexities of interferon (IFN) systems in amphibian species. Recent genomic curations revealed that amphibian species have evolved expanded repertoires of four types of intron-containing IFN genes akin to those seen in jawed fish, intronless type I IFNs and intron-containing type III IFNs akin to those seen in amniotes, as well as uniquely intronless type III IFNs. This appears to be the case with at least ten analyzed amphibian species; with d...
Source: Developmental and Comparative Immunology - December 31, 2022 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Oluwaseun D Adeyemi Yun Tian Collins N Khwatenge Leon Grayfer Yongming Sang Source Type: research

Pathogen transmission modes determine contact network structure, altering other pathogen characteristics
Proc Biol Sci. 2022 Dec 21;289(1989):20221389. doi: 10.1098/rspb.2022.1389. Epub 2022 Dec 14.ABSTRACTPathogen traits can vary greatly and heavily impact the ability of a pathogen to persist in a population. Although this variation is fundamental to disease ecology, little is known about the evolutionary pressures that drive these differences, particularly where they interact with host behaviour. We hypothesized that host behaviours relevant to different transmission routes give rise to differences in contact network structure, constraining the space over which pathogen traits can evolve to maximize fitness. Our analysis of...
Source: Biol Sci Space - December 14, 2022 Category: Science Authors: Melissa Collier Gregory F Albery Grant C McDonald Shweta Bansal Source Type: research

Identification and characterization of a novel peptide from rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) with antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus iniae
In this study, a new AMP has been identified but its expression, synthesis and role in vivo remains unknown. Nevertheless, the findings presented improve our understanding of fish gill and macrophage responses towards this important zoonotic pathogen.PMID:36044968 | DOI:10.1016/j.dci.2022.104518
Source: Developmental and Comparative Immunology - August 31, 2022 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Joseph F A Varga Sascha R Brunner Grant Cheng Daniel Min Marc G Aucoin Andrew Doxey Brian Dixon Source Type: research

Inside out: Relations between the microbiome, nutrition, and eye health
Exp Eye Res. 2022 Aug 27:109216. doi: 10.1016/j.exer.2022.109216. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTAge-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a complex disease with increasing numbers of individuals being afflicted and treatment modalities limited. There are strong interactions between diet, age, the metabolome, and gut microbiota, and all of these have roles in the pathogenesis of AMD. Communication axes exist between the gut microbiota and the eye, therefore, knowing how the microbiota influences the host metabolism during aging could guide a better understanding of AMD pathogenesis. While considerable experimental evidence ...
Source: Experimental Eye Research - August 30, 2022 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Maria B Grant Paul S Bernstein Kathleen Boesze-Battaglia Emily Chew Christine A Curcio M Cristina Kenney Caroline Klaver Nancy J Philp Sheldon Rowan Janet Sparrow Richard F Spaide Allen Taylor Source Type: research

Novel GLCCI1-BRAF fusion drives kinase signaling in a case of pheochromocytomatosis
CONCLUSION: We demonstrate a novel pathogenic gene fusion of GLCCI1 with the oncogenic kinase domain of BRAF, resulting in an activation of the MAPK signaling pathway and EMT markers. Thus, this patient may benefit from clinically available MEK and/or BRAF inhibitors when systemic therapy is indicated.SUMMARY STATEMENT: This report is the first of GLCCI1 fused to BRAF in a human neoplasm and only the second BRAF-containing fusion transcript in PCC. Detailed molecular characterization of PCC can be a valuable tool in managing patients with recurrent PCC and pheochromocytomatosis that represents a significant clinical challe...
Source: European Journal of Endocrinology - July 21, 2022 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Benjamin L Green Robert R C Grant Christopher T Richie Bishwanath Chatterjee Michelly Sampaio De Melo Frederic G Barr Karel Pacak Sunita K Agarwal Naris Nilubol Source Type: research