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Mitochondrial metals as a potential therapeutic target in neurodegeneration
Summary Transition metals are critical for enzyme function and protein folding, but in excess can mediate neurotoxic oxidative processes. As mitochondria are particularly vulnerable to oxidative damage due to radicals generated during ATP production, mitochondrial biometal homeostasis must therefore be tightly controlled to safely harness the redox potential of metal enzyme cofactors. Dysregulation of metal functions is evident in numerous neurological disorders including Alzheimer's disease, stroke, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and Friedrich's Ataxia. This review describes the m...
Source: British Journal of Pharmacology - November 11, 2013 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: A Grubman, A R White, J R Liddell Tags: Review Article – Mitochondrial Pharmacology: Energy, Injury & Beyond Themed Issue Source Type: research

Regulation of Gait and Balance: The Underappreciated Role of Neuronal Nicotinic Receptor Agonists.
Abstract Alterations in gait and balance are manifest in numerous neurological disorders such as the ataxias and Parkinson's disease, and may occur as a consequence of stroke, traumatic brain injury and chemical insults to the brain. Although the underlying etiology of these disorders differs, disturbances in gait and balance appear to reflect deficits in cholinergic pathways within the brain. During the past 40 years, both clinical case studies and preclinical data have provided evidence that nicotinic cholinergic activation is beneficial for alleviating gait and balance deficits in many disorders. Further, studi...
Source: Current Pharmaceutical Design - January 26, 2016 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Young MF, Wecker L Tags: Curr Pharm Des Source Type: research

Current and promising therapies in autosomal recessive ataxias.
CONCLUSION: The aim of this review is to provide a comprehensive clinical profile and to review the current available therapies. We overview the physiopathology, neurological features and diagnostic approach of the common recessive ataxias. The emphasis is also put on potential drugs currently or soon-to-be in clinical trials. Promising gene therapies raise the possibility of treating specifically Friedreich's ataxia, Ataxia-telangiectasia, Wilson's disease and Niemann-Pick disease in the next few years. PMID: 29676235 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: CNS and Neurological Disorders Drug Targets - April 18, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Picher-Martel V, Dupre N Tags: CNS Neurol Disord Drug Targets Source Type: research

Riboflavin in Neurological Diseases: A Narrative Review
AbstractRiboflavin is classified as one of the water-soluble B vitamins. It is part of the functional group of flavin mononucleotide (FMN) and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) cofactors and is required for numerous flavoprotein-catalysed reactions. Riboflavin has important antioxidant properties, essential for correct cell functioning. It is required for the conversion of oxidised glutathione to the reduced form and for the mitochondrial respiratory chain as complexes I and II contain flavoprotein reductases and electron transferring flavoproteins. Riboflavin deficiency has been demonstrated to impair the oxidative state ...
Source: Clinical Drug Investigation - April 22, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Mini-Review on SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Neurological Manifestations: A Perspective
CNS Neurol Disord Drug Targets. 2021 Jul 6. doi: 10.2174/1871527320666210706103422. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe coronavirus, also known as SARS-CoV-2 (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Corona Virus-19), with its rapid rate of transmission, has progressed with a great impact on respiratory function and mortality worldwide. The nasal cavity is the promising gateway of SARS-CoV-2 to reach the brain via systemic circulatory distribution. Recent reports have revealed that the loss of involuntary process of breathing control into the brainstem that results in death is a signal of neurological involvement. Early neurologica...
Source: CNS and Neurological Disorders Drug Targets - December 30, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Vishal Chavda Arif Tasleem Jan Dhananjay Yadav Source Type: research