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IL-4/STAT6 signaling facilitates innate hematoma resolution and neurological recovery after hemorrhagic stroke in mice Neuroscience
Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a devastating form of stroke affecting millions of people worldwide. Parenchymal hematoma triggers a series of reactions leading to primary and secondary brain injuries and permanent neurological deficits. Microglia and macrophages carry out hematoma clearance, thereby facilitating functional recovery after ICH. Here, we elucidate a pivotal...
Source: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - December 22, 2020 Category: Science Authors: Jing Xu, Zhouqing Chen, Fang Yu, Huan Liu, Cheng Ma, Di Xie, Xiaoming Hu, Rehana K. Leak, Sherry H. Y. Chou, R. Anne Stetler, Yejie Shi, Jun Chen, Michael V. L. Bennett, Gang Chen Tags: Biological Sciences Source Type: research

Combined HMG-COA reductase and prenylation inhibition in treatment of CCM Medical Sciences
Cerebral cavernous malformations (CCMs) are common vascular anomalies that develop in the central nervous system and, more rarely, the retina. The lesions can cause headache, seizures, focal neurological deficits, and hemorrhagic stroke. Symptomatic lesions are treated according to their presentation; however, targeted pharmacological therapies that improve the outcome of CCM...
Source: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - May 23, 2017 Category: Science Authors: Sayoko Nishimura, Ketu Mishra-Gorur, JinSeok Park, Yulia V. Surovtseva, Said M. Sebti, Andre Levchenko, Angeliki Louvi, Murat Gunel Tags: Biological Sciences Source Type: research

SRF/MRTF depletion provokes hemorrhagic stroke Cell Biology
Intracerebral hemorrhagic stroke and vascular dementia are age- and hypertension-associated manifestations of human cerebral small vessel disease (SVD). Cerebral microvessels are formed by endothelial cells (ECs), which are connected through tight junctions, adherens junctions, and stabilizing basement membrane structures. These endothelial connections ensure both vessel stability and blood–brain barrier (BBB)...
Source: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - August 11, 2015 Category: Science Authors: Weinl, C., Castaneda Vega, S., Riehle, H., Stritt, C., Calaminus, C., Wolburg, H., Mauel, S., Breithaupt, A., Gruber, A. D., Wasylyk, B., Olson, E. N., Adams, R. H., Pichler, B. J., Nordheim, A. Tags: Biological Sciences Source Type: research

Contribution of reactive oxygen species to CAA Neuroscience
Cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) is characterized by deposition of amyloid β peptide (Aβ) within walls of cerebral arteries and is an important cause of intracerebral hemorrhage, ischemic stroke, and cognitive dysfunction in elderly patients with and without Alzheimer’s Disease (AD). NADPH oxidase-derived oxidative stress plays a key role in soluble...
Source: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - February 24, 2015 Category: Science Authors: Han, B. H., Zhou, M.-l., Johnson, A. W., Singh, I., Liao, F., Vellimana, A. K., Nelson, J. W., Milner, E., Cirrito, J. R., Basak, J., Yoo, M., Dietrich, H. H., Holtzman, D. M., Zipfel, G. J. Tags: PNAS Plus Source Type: research

Notch initiates AV shunts from capillaries Medical Sciences
Arteriovenous (AV) malformation (AVM) is a devastating condition characterized by focal lesions of enlarged, tangled vessels that shunt blood from arteries directly to veins. AVMs can form anywhere in the body and can cause debilitating ischemia and life-threatening hemorrhagic stroke. The mechanisms that underlie AVM formation remain poorly understood. Here,...
Source: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - December 16, 2014 Category: Science Authors: Murphy, P. A., Kim, T. N., Huang, L., Nielsen, C. M., Lawton, M. T., Adams, R. H., Schaffer, C. B., Wang, R. A. Tags: Biological Sciences Source Type: research