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Carotid dysfunction in senescent female mice is mediated by increased α < sub > 1A < /sub > -adrenoceptor activity and COX-derived vasoconstrictor prostanoids
In conclusion, senescence intensifies vasoconstriction mediated by a1A-adrenergic signaling in the carotid of female mice by mechanisms involving increased iCa+2 and release of cyclooxygenase-derived prostanoids.PMID:36705993 | DOI:10.1152/ajpheart.00495.2022
Source: American Journal of Physiology. Heart and Circulatory Physiology - January 27, 2023 Category: Physiology Authors: Tiago J Costa Paula R Barros Diego A Duarte J úlio A Silva-Neto Sara Cristina Hott Thamyris Santos-Silva Claudio M Costa-Neto Felipe V Gomes Eliana H Akamine Cameron G McCarthy Francesc Jim énez-Altayó Ana Paula Dantas Rita C Tostes Source Type: research

Chemogenetic activation of intracardiac cholinergic neurons improves cardiac function in pressure overload induced heart failure.
This study tests if ICG cholinergic neuron activation mitigates the progression of cardiac dysfunction and reduces mortality that occurs in HF. HF was induced by transaortic constriction (TAC) in male transgenic Long Evans rats expressing Cre recombinase within choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) neurons. ChAT neurons were selectively activated by expression and activation of excitatory Designer Receptors Exclusively Activated by Designer Receptors (DREADDs) by Clozapine-N-Oxide (TAC +Treatment & Sham Treated groups). Control animals expressed DREADDs but received saline (Sham and TAC groups). A separate set of animals we...
Source: American Journal of Physiology. Heart and Circulatory Physiology - May 14, 2020 Category: Physiology Authors: Dyavanapalli J, Hora AJ, Escobar JB, Schloen JR, Dwyer MKR, Rodriguez J, Spurney CF, Kay MW, Mendelowitz D Tags: Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol Source Type: research

A Novel Model of Mixed Vascular Dementia Incorporating Hypertension in a Rat Model of Alzheimer ’s Disease
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and mixed dementia (MxD) comprise the majority of dementia cases in the growing global aging population. MxD describes the coexistence of AD pathology with vascular pathology, including cerebral small vessel disease (SVD). Cardiovascular disease increases risk for AD and MxD, but mechanistic synergisms between the coexisting pathologies affecting dementia risk, progression and the ultimate clinical manifestations remain elusive. To explore the additive or synergistic interactions between AD and chronic hypertension, we developed a rat model of MxD, produced by breeding APPswe/PS1ΔE9 transgenes i...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - October 23, 2019 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

Is Aberrant Reno-Renal Reflex Control of Blood Pressure a Contributor to Chronic Intermittent Hypoxia-Induced Hypertension?
This study demonstrated unaltered vascular conductance in response to lumbar sympathetic stimulation in CIH-exposed rats. Aortic compliance was increased and estimated blood volume was unchanged in CIH-exposed rats. Increased blood pressure was related to an increase in cardiac output, which was confirmed by echocardiography (Lucking et al., 2014). It is suggested therefore that hypertension in the CIH model can be evoked by over-excitation of the cardiac arm of sympathetic nervous system (SNS), even before mechanisms of enhanced peripheral vasoconstriction and endothelial dysfunction are initiated (Naghshin et al., 2009)....
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - April 23, 2019 Category: Physiology Source Type: research