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Interventions for Preventing Thromboembolic Events in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation: A Systematic Review.
Conclusion: The available direct-acting oral anticoagulants (DOACs) are at least as effective and safe as warfarin for patients with nonvalvular AF. The DOACs had similar benefits across several patient subgroups and seemed safe and efficacious for a wide range of patients with nonvalvular AF. Primary Funding Source: Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute. (PROSPERO: CRD42017069999). PMID: 30383133 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Annals of Internal Medicine - October 30, 2018 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Lowenstern A, Al-Khatib SM, Sharan L, Chatterjee R, LaPointe NMA, Shah B, Borre ED, Raitz G, Goode A, Yapa R, Davis JK, Lallinger K, Schmidt R, Kosinski AS, Sanders GD Tags: Ann Intern Med Source Type: research

“A contemporary description of staphylococcus aureus prosthetic valve endocarditis. Differences according to the time elapsed from surgery”
Staphylococcus aureus prosthetic valve endocarditis (SAPVE) has a poor prognosis. There are no large series that accurately describe this entity. This is a retrospective observational study on a prospective cohort from 3 Spanish reference hospitals for cardiac surgery, including 78 definitive episodes of left SAPVE between 1996 and 2016. Fifty percent had a Charlson Index score>5; 53% were health care-related. Twenty percent did not present fever. Complications at diagnosis included: severe heart failure (HF, 29%), septic shock (SS, 17.9%), central nervous system abnormalities (19%), septic metastasis (4%). Hemorrhagic s...
Source: Medicine - August 1, 2019 Category: Internal Medicine Tags: Research Article: Observational Study Source Type: research

Effects of SGLT2 inhibitors on cardiovascular and renal outcomes in type 2 diabetes: A meta-analysis with trial sequential analysis
Conclusions: Compared with placebo, SGLT2 inhibitors conclusively reduce the risk of MACE, CVD or HHF, ACD, CVD, HHF, and KFP in patients with type 2 diabetes, whereas the effects of SGLT2 inhibitors on MI and stroke are not conclusive and need to be further assessed in future studies with the adequate sample size to reject or accept the effect size.
Source: Medicine - March 12, 2021 Category: Internal Medicine Tags: Research Article: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Source Type: research

Benefits of more intensive versus less intensive blood pressure control. Updated trial sequential analysis
In conclusion, data accrued from randomized trials conclusively demonstrate the superiority of a more intensive over a less intensive BP control strategy for the prevention of stroke, heart failure and myocardial infarction. Results also suggest a significant benefit, albeit not yet conclusive, of a more intensive over a less intensive strategy for prevention of cardiovascular death.PMID:35397950 | DOI:10.1016/j.ejim.2022.03.032
Source: European Journal of Internal Medicine - April 10, 2022 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Gianpaolo Reboldi Fabio Angeli Giorgio Gentile Paolo Verdecchia Source Type: research

Brain and kidney, victims of atrial microembolism in elderly hospitalized patients? Data from the REPOSI study.
CONCLUSIONS: Elderly hospitalized patients with AF are more likely affected by CI and CKD, two conditions that expose them to a higher mortality risk. Oral anticoagulant therapy, still underused and not optimally enforced, may afford protection from thromboembolic episodes that probably concur to the high mortality. PMID: 25749554 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: European Journal of Internal Medicine - March 4, 2015 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Corrao S, Argano C, Nobili A, Marcucci M, Djade CD, Tettamanti M, Pasina L, Franchi C, Marengoni A, Salerno F, Violi F, Mannucci PM, Perticone F, on behalf of REPOSI Investigators Tags: Eur J Intern Med Source Type: research

Effects on Clinical Outcomes of Adding Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Inhibitors Versus Sulfonylureas to Metformin Therapy in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.
Conclusion: Compared with sulfonylureas, DPP-4 inhibitors were associated with lower risks for all-cause death, MACEs, ischemic stroke, and hypoglycemia when used as add-ons to metformin therapy. Primary Funding Source: None. PMID: 26457538 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Annals of Internal Medicine - October 13, 2015 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Ou SM, Shih CJ, Chao PW, Chu H, Kuo SC, Lee YJ, Wang SJ, Yang CY, Lin CC, Chen TJ, Tarng DC, Li SY, Chen YT Tags: Ann Intern Med Source Type: research

Atrial Fibrillation Increases the Risk of Peripheral Arterial Disease With Relative Complications and Mortality: A Population-Based Cohort Study
Abstract: Atrial fibrillation (AF), an increasing prevalent cardiac arrhythmia due to aging general population, has many common risk factors with peripheral arterial disease (PAD). However, it is unclear whether AF is associated with a risk of PAD. We investigated the prevalence of AF and PAD in the general population and the risk of PAD among the AF population. This longitudinal, nationwide, population-based cohort study was conducted using data from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database recorded during 2000 to 2011. In total, 3814 and 15,364 patients were included in the AF and non-AF cohorts, respectiv...
Source: Medicine - March 1, 2016 Category: Internal Medicine Tags: Research Article: Observational Study Source Type: research

Potential health hazards of eating red meat
Abstract Red meat (beef, veal, pork, lamb and mutton) consumption contributes several important nutrients to the diet, for example essential amino acids, vitamins (including B12) and minerals (including iron and zinc). Processed red meat (ham, sausages, bacon, frankfurters, salami, etc.) undergoes treatment (curing, smoking, salting or the use of chemical preservatives and additives) to improve its shelf life and/or taste. During recent decades, consumption of red meat has been increasing globally, especially in developing countries. At the same time, there has been growing evidence that high consumption of red meat, espec...
Source: Journal of Internal Medicine - August 31, 2016 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: A. Wolk Tags: Review Source Type: research

A multiparameter model predicting in-hospital mortality in malignant cerebral infarction
Abstract: The early identification of patients with large hemisphere infarctions (LHIs) at risk of fatal brain edema may result in better outcomes. A quantitative model using parameters obtained at admission may be a predictor of in-hospital mortality from LHI. This prospective study enrolled all patients with LHI involving>50% of the middle cerebral artery (MCA) admitted to our neurological intensive care unit within 48 hours of symptom onset. Early clinical and radiographic parameters and the baseline CHADS2 score (congestive heart failure, hypertension, age ≥ 75 years, diabetes mellitus, stroke [double weight]) w...
Source: Medicine - July 1, 2017 Category: Internal Medicine Tags: Research Article: Observational Study Source Type: research

Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitors Versus Glucagon-like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists and the Risk for Cardiovascular Outcomes in Routine Care Patients With Diabetes Across Categories of Cardiovascular Disease
CONCLUSION: Use of SGLT2 inhibitors versus GLP-1 RAs was associated with consistent reductions in HHF risk among T2D patients with and without CVD, although the absolute benefit was greater in patients with CVD. There were no large differences in risk for MI or stroke among T2D patients with and without CVD.PRIMARY FUNDING SOURCE: Division of Pharmacoepidemiology and Pharmacoeconomics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School.PMID:34570599 | DOI:10.7326/M21-0893
Source: Annals of Internal Medicine - September 27, 2021 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Elisabetta Patorno Phyo T Htoo Robert J Glynn Sebastian Schneeweiss Deborah J Wexler Ajinkya Pawar Lily G Bessette Kristyn Chin Brendan M Everett Seoyoung C Kim Source Type: research

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