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Sex Difference of Radiation Response in Occupational and Accidental Exposure
Conclusion and Outlook This review summarizes the data from major human studies on the health risks of radiation exposure and shows that sex can potentially influence the prolonged response to radiation exposure (Figure 1 and Tables 1, 2). These data suggest that long-term radiosensitivity in females is higher than that in males who receive a comparable dose of radiation. Our analysis of the literature agrees with the conclusions of the recent report on the Biological effects of ionizing radiation (BEIR VII) published in 2006 by the National Academy of Sciences (NAS), United States (National Research Council, 2006). The B...
Source: Frontiers in Genetics - May 2, 2019 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research

Clinical Improvement Following Stroke Promptly Reverses Post-stroke Cellular Immune Alterations
Conclusions: SIIA are detectable on admission of acute stroke patients. While it was assumed that post-stroke immunosuppression is rapidly reversed with improvement this is the first data set that shows that improvement actually is associated with a rapid reversal of SIIA demonstrating that SIIA require a constant signal to persist. The observation that HMGB-1 serum concentrations were similar in improved and non-improved cohorts argues against a role for this pro-inflammatory mediator in the maintenance of SIIA. Serum miRNA observed to be regulated in stroke in other publications was counter regulated with improvement in ...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - April 30, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Practice Patterns in the Use of MRI/MRA and Chronic Transfusion Therapy for Monitoring and Treatment of Stroke in Pediatric Patients with Sickle Cell Anemia
Conclusions: The results of the DISPLACE practice patterns survey suggested nearly universal adoption of CRCT for children with abnormal TCD and prior overt stroke across sites. The use of MRI/MRA in detecting potential cerebrovascular abnormalities in the absence of clinical neurologic symptoms and for monitoring patients on CRCT was much more variable, which likely reflects the minimal amount of guidance for the use of MRI/MRA in SCA. Notably, a number of sites were using MRI/MRA to screen pediatric patients for cerebrovascular abnormalities and to monitor patients on CRCT. The variability in responses for MRI/MRA highli...
Source: Blood - November 21, 2018 Category: Hematology Authors: Schlenz, A. M., Mueller, M., Phillips, S., Melvin, C., Adams, R. J., Kanter, J. Tags: 901. Health Services Research-Non-Malignant Conditions: Poster III Source Type: research

Results from the Displace Consortium: Practice Patterns on the Use of Transcranial Doppler Screening for Risk of Stroke in Children with Sickle Cell Anemia
Conclusions: Nearly all DISPLACE sites order TCD screening annually, as recommended in the guidelines, with some ordering screening more frequently. A few sites did not report initiation of CRCT per STOP protocol for abnormal TCD results; however, over half of the sites reported following up with an MRI/MRA, which may suggest evaluating for vasculopathy prior to CRCT. Some sites reported beginning HU therapy for abnormal results; this may reflect consideration of patients for whom CRCT is not possible, but data were not collected for confirmation. Interestingly, results suggest a reliance on MRI/MRA since sites commonly re...
Source: Blood - November 21, 2018 Category: Hematology Authors: Phillips, S., Mueller, M., Schlenz, A. M., Melvin, C., Adams, R. J., Kanter, J. Tags: 901. Health Services Research-Non-Malignant Conditions: Poster III Source Type: research