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Mass Cytometry Identifies Distinct Subsets of Regulatory T Cells and Natural Killer Cells Associated With High Risk for Type 1 Diabetes
In conclusion, we show that subpopulations of Treg and NK cells were increased in individuals positive for multiple autoantibodies before disease onset. To our knowledge, these are the first results showing alterations of a subset of Tregs and NK cells in individuals with high risk for T1D. Using a multidimensional phenotyping and unbiased clustering approach we were able to identify cell populations expressing markers which are not often analyzed in a conventional flow cytometry panel. This approach made it possible to find differences that otherwise would not have been detected. Our data provides new insight into disease...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - May 2, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

Informatics and Computational Methods in Natural Product Drug Discovery: A Review and Perspectives
Joseph D. Romano1,2,3,4 and Nicholas P. Tatonetti1,2,3,4* 1Department of Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States 2Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States 3Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States 4Data Science Institute, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States The discovery of new pharmaceutical drugs is one of the preeminent tasks—scientifically, economically, and socially—in biomedical research. Advances in informatics and computational biology have increased productivity at many ...
Source: Frontiers in Genetics - April 29, 2019 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research

Repeated Changes to the Gravitational Field Negatively Affect the Serum Concentration of Select Growth Factors and Cytokines
This study was carried out in accordance with the recommendations of the ethical committee of the Ruhr-Universität Bochum with written informed consent from all subjects. All subjects gave written informed consent in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. The protocol was approved by the ethical committee of the Ruhr-Universität Bochum (Register-Number 5158–14). Author Contributions US, FS, LG, and AK performed the experiments. US and TR analyzed the data, created the figures, and drafted the manuscript. TW, FS, and NB designed the study. All authors revised the manuscript and approved its fina...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - April 16, 2019 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

Cesarean Section and Chronic Immune Disorders
This study analyzed the potential association of delivery by cesarean delivery with immune disorders to investigate the potential influence cesarean deliveries could have on development of such conditions. Data from registries in Denmark were used to identify children born between 1977 and 2012. Data were collected on mode of delivery as well as other variables, and the association with several immune diseases was analyzed. The data set included 2 million children over that 35-year period. Nine diseases and 8 confounders were analyzed. The effects of cesarean versus vaginal birth were investigated, and all data were analyz...
Source: Obstetrical and Gynecological Survey - May 1, 2015 Category: OBGYN Tags: Obstetrics: Newborn Medicine Source Type: research

Immune Conditions and Childhood Leukemia
Conclusions and Impact: Children with Down syndrome who develop leukemia have increased diabetes risk, likely due to treatment and underlying susceptibility factors. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 24(2); 454–8. ©2014 AACR.
Source: Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers and Prevention - February 5, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Linabery, A. M., Li, W., Roesler, M. A., Spector, L. G., Gamis, A. S., Olshan, A. F., Heerema, N. A., Ross, J. A. Tags: Research Articles Source Type: research

Epigenetics in Pediatrics
Epigenetic mechanisms are external modifications of DNA that cause changes in gene function and are involved in many diseases. Specific examples of pediatric diseases with a known or suspected epigenetic component include Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome, childhood leukemia, allergies, asthma, fetal alcohol spectrum disorders, childhood obesity, and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Currently, epigenetically active treatments are being used to treat childhood leukemia. Potential epigenetically active treatments and preventive regimens are under study for other diseases. Pediatricians need to be aware of the epigenetic basis of disease ...
Source: Pediatrics in Review - January 1, 2015 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Puumala, S. E., Hoyme, H. E. Tags: Genetics Articles Source Type: research