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Right Care Action Week – What can Radiologists do?
By SAURABH JHA, MD The Lown Institute advocates rational use of medical resources. This is a noble goal and worthy of the attention of radiologists. This week is the right care action week. Here are five simple things any radiologist can do this week, and the following weeks. This will improve patient care by avoiding unnecessary tests. Speak to the referring clinician, at least sometimes, if not often, perhaps twice a day. The conversation need not be adversarial. Ask before the imaging two simple questions. What will you do if the test is positive? What will you do if the test is negative? Inquire four weeks after the im...
Source: The Health Care Blog - October 20, 2015 Category: Consumer Health News Authors: Simon Nath Tags: THCB Saurabh Jha Source Type: blogs

Dermatological disease in the older age group: a cross-sectional study in aged care facilities
Conclusions A high rate of dermatological disease was found. Findings ranged from frequent but not life-threatening conditions (eg, onychomycosis), to those associated with a significant morbidity (eg, eczema, lichen sclerosus and bullous pemphigoid), to potentially life-threatening (eg, squamous cell carcinoma, melanoma and breast cancer). Those with less significant physical impairment were found to be at greater risk of inflammatory dermatoses.
Source: BMJ Open - December 23, 2015 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Deo, M. S., Kerse, N., Vandal, A. C., Jarrett, P. Tags: Open access, Dermatology, Geriatric medicine Research Source Type: research

Genomic Characterization of Poorly Differentiated Neuroendocrine Carcinoma in a Pediatric Patient
Primary neuroendocrine carcinomas (NEC) are rare tumors in children and young adults, resulting in a lack of standardized treatment approach. To refine the molecular taxonomy of these rare tumors, we performed whole exome sequencing in a pediatric patient with mediastinal NEC. We identified a somatic mutation in HRAS gene and LOH regions in NF2, MYO18B, and RUX3 genes. In addition, a germline heterozygous somatic variant in BRCA2 with LOH at that same position in the tumor tissue was also found. Our data provide valuable insight into the genomic landscape of this tumor, prompting further investigation of therapeutic targets.
Source: Journal of Pediatric Hematology Oncology - January 1, 2016 Category: Hematology Tags: Online Articles: Clinical and Laboratory Observations Source Type: research

Pediatric thyroid surgery and management of thyroid nodules – an institutional experience over a 10-year period
We reviewed our institutional experience in the diagnosis and management of pediatric thyroid nodules and well-differentiated thyroid carcinoma (WDTC), highlighting the unique challenges in this population.
Source: International Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology - January 13, 2016 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Wen Jiang, Robert O. Newbury and Ron S. Newfield Source Type: research

Multicenter questionnaire survey on patterns of care for elderly patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma by the Japan Esophageal Oncology Group
Conclusions Fit healthy elderly were considered the same as non-elderly patients, although there are no established treatment selection criteria. Radiation alone plays most important role in the treatment for vulnerable and frail esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients. Stage II/III (non-T4) disease is attractive and warranted for future investigations.
Source: Japanese Journal of Clinical Oncology - January 28, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Hamamoto, Y., Akutsu, Y., Nagashima, F., Hironaka, S., Ito, Y., Kato, K., Hara, H., Tsubosa, Y., Nakagawa, S., Daiko, H., Ozawa, S., Kitagawa, Y. Tags: Gastrointestinal Medicine, Original Articles Source Type: research

Non-Muscular Invasive Urothelial Carcinoma of the Bladder in Pediatric and Young Adult Patients: Age-Related Outcomes
To report a two pediatric urology referral centers experience on transitional cell bladder carcinoma (TCCB) in patients younger than 30 years, focusing on age-related prognostic factors.
Source: Urology - July 18, 2016 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Paolo Caione, Giulio Patruno, Vincenzo Pagliarulo, Anna Lavinia Bulotta, Annamaria Salerno, Francesca Diomedi Camassei, Gaetano Lastilla, Simona Gerocarni Nappo Tags: Pediatric Urology Source Type: research

Variants and pitfalls on radioiodine scans in pediatric patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma
ConclusionVariants and pitfalls that mimic functioning thyroid tissue or functioning thyroid carcinomatous tissue on radioiodine scan in children with differentiated thyroid carcinoma are not infrequent, but they decrease in frequency on successive radioiodine scans. Potential false-positive findings can be minimized with proper knowledge of the common variants and pitfalls in children and correlation with clinical, laboratory and imaging data.
Source: Pediatric Radiology - August 2, 2016 Category: Radiology Source Type: research

Pediatric Thyroid Cancer: An Update from the SEER Database 2007-2012
To update the medical literature regarding the incidence, disease specific survival, and treatment modalities utilized in pediatric patients diagnosed with thyroid carcinomas.
Source: International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology - August 7, 2016 Category: ENT & OMF Authors: Sarah Dermody, Andrew Walls, Earl H. Harley Source Type: research

Pediatric thyroid cancer: An update from the SEER database 2007 –2012
To update the medical literature regarding the incidence, disease specific survival, and treatment modalities utilized in pediatric patients diagnosed with thyroid carcinomas.
Source: International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology - August 7, 2016 Category: ENT & OMF Authors: Sarah Dermody, Andrew Walls, Earl H. Harley Source Type: research

Nonmuscular Invasive Urothelial Carcinoma of the Bladder in Pediatric and Young Adult Patients: Age-related Outcomes
To report 2 pediatric urology referral centers' experience on transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder (TCCB) in patients younger than 30 years, focusing on age-related prognostic factors.
Source: Urology - July 18, 2016 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Paolo Caione, Giulio Patruno, Vincenzo Pagliarulo, Anna Lavinia Bulotta, Annamaria Salerno, Francesca Diomedi Camassei, Gaetano Lastilla, Simona Gerocarni Nappo Tags: Pediatric Urology Source Type: research

Distinguishing pediatric and adolescent renal cell carcinoma from other renal malignancies
ConclusionsRCC in childhood and adolescence is relatively uncommon; however, it accounts for >50% of renal malignancies after age 12. For every year of increasing age, the odds of having an RCC diagnosis are increased by 50%. The odds of a renal tumor being RCC are increased in black children, those with localized disease, and those with smaller tumors. In these specific populations, RCC should be favored in the differential diagnosis of the renal mass.
Source: Pediatric Blood and Cancer - November 1, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Jamil S. Syed, Kevin A. Nguyen, Charlotte Q. Wu, Nicholas G. Cost, Mohummad M. Siddiqui, Adam B. Hittelman, Brian Shuch Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

Stereotactic body radiotherapy for pediatric hepatocellular carcinoma with central biliary obstruction
In this report, we discuss the successful use of SBRT in the management of this patient, and its role in allowing the patient to become a candidate for additional therapies.
Source: Pediatric Blood and Cancer - November 4, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Susan M. Hiniker, Arun Rangaswami, Matthew P. Lungren, Avnesh S. Thakor, Waldo Concepcion, Kathleen E. Balazy, Nataliya Kovalchuk, Sarah S. Donaldson Tags: Brief Report Source Type: research

Systematic review and individual patient data analysis of pediatric head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: An analysis of 217 cases
Pediatric head and neck Squamous cell carcinoma (PHNSCC) is a rare disease. The optimum treatment and outcome remains poorly understood because of rarity.
Source: International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology - November 10, 2016 Category: ENT & OMF Authors: V. Bhanu Prasad, Supriya Mallick, Ashish Dutt Upadhyay, G.K. Rath Source Type: research

Platinum plus bortezomib for the treatment of pediatric renal medullary carcinoma: Two cases
We describe our experience using platinum‐based chemotherapy plus the proteasome inhibitor bortezomib to treat metastatic RMC in two pediatric patients who had complete responses. One patient passed away 7 years after diagnosis, while another remains disease free nearly 2 years from diagnosis.
Source: Pediatric Blood and Cancer - January 4, 2017 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Marcus A. Carden, Stephen Smith, Holly Meany, Hong Yin, Adina Alazraki, Louis B. Rapkin Tags: Brief Report Source Type: research