Fasted Versus Nonfasted Aerobic Exercise on Body Composition: Considerations for Physique Athletes
Physique athletes often incorporate aerobic exercise as part of their exercise program to increase caloric expenditure for the purposes of improving their body composition. One method used by some physique competitors is to perform aerobic exercise in the fasted state under the assumption that low glycogen levels after an overnight fast allow for greater mobilization of stored fat to be used for fuel because carbohydrates are not readily available to produce energy. The purpose of this article is to examine the existing literature on the effect of fasted versus fed cardio on improving body composition for physique athletes...
Source: Strength and Conditioning Journal - October 1, 2020 Category: Sports Medicine Tags: Article Source Type: research
Emerging Nutritional Supplements for Strength and Hypertrophy: An Update of the Current Literature
Several dietary supplements have been proposed as a means of improving muscle strength and hypertrophy when combined with resistance training. However, few have received sufficient attention from sports scientists to produce robust evidence for being well recommended. A growing body of literature has emerged for several dietary ingredients with the potential to promote muscular adaptations. Therefore, the aim of this review is to provide an evidence-based review of the efficacy of emerging nutritional supplements to allow athletes, coaches, and practitioners to make an informed decision when considering their use as a mean...
Source: Strength and Conditioning Journal - October 1, 2020 Category: Sports Medicine Tags: Article Source Type: research
Can Resistance Training at Slow Versus Traditional Repetition Speeds Induce Comparable Hypertrophic and Strength Gains?
The relationship between force and velocity during resistance training can dictate subsequent gains in strength and hypertrophy. Repetition duration (time elapsed during concentric, eccentric, and rest phases) can be manipulated to maximize force or velocity. Based on this current literature review, variation in repetition duration seems to induce similar changes in strength and/or hypertrophy in both novice and experienced lifters. However, relatively faster repetition durations can produce marginal increases in measures of strength and power, and may be more effective for experienced lifters. Although minimally impactful...
Source: Strength and Conditioning Journal - October 1, 2020 Category: Sports Medicine Tags: Article Source Type: research
Can Blood Flow Restriction Used During Aerobic Training Enhance Body Composition in Physique Athletes?
Emerging evidence indicates low-load blood flow restriction (BFR) training is an effective strategy to increase muscular adaptations when performed during resistance training. Yet, it remains questionable as to whether combining BFR with traditional aerobic training can preserve or perhaps even potentiate hypertrophic adaptations. The purpose of this article is to provide an evidence-based review of current research on the topic and draw practical conclusions as to how BFR can be applied by physique athletes to optimize increases in muscle mass. (Source: Strength and Conditioning Journal)
Source: Strength and Conditioning Journal - October 1, 2020 Category: Sports Medicine Tags: Article Source Type: research
Blood Flow Restriction Training and the Physique Athlete: A Practical Research-Based Guide to Maximizing Muscle Size
Emerging evidence indicates that low load blood flow restriction (BFR) training is an effective strategy to increase muscular adaptations. Yet, it remains questionable as to whether combining BFR with traditional resistance training can potentiate hypertrophic adaptations. The purpose of this article is to provide an evidence-based review of current research on the topic including underlying mechanisms of BFR training and draw practical conclusions as to how BFR can be applied by physique athletes to optimize increases in muscle mass. (Source: Strength and Conditioning Journal)
Source: Strength and Conditioning Journal - October 1, 2020 Category: Sports Medicine Tags: Article Source Type: research
Body Recomposition: Can Trained Individuals Build Muscle and Lose Fat at the Same Time?
Despite the lack of standardized terminology, building muscle and losing fat concomitantly has been referred to as body recomposition by practitioners. Although many suggest that this only occurs in untrained/novice and overweight/obese populations, there is a substantial amount of literature demonstrating this body recomposition phenomenon in resistance-trained individuals. Moreover, 2 key factors influencing these adaptations are progressive resistance training coupled with evidence-based nutritional strategies. This review examines some of the current literature demonstrating body recomposition in various trained popula...
Source: Strength and Conditioning Journal - October 1, 2020 Category: Sports Medicine Tags: Article Source Type: research
Mesocycle Progression in Hypertrophy: Volume Versus Intensity
Week to week progressions over the course of typically 4–8 weeks (before a recovery week is taken) are one of the central forms of progression in a muscle growth training plan. Should the trainee add more weight to the bar each week, add repetitions to the sets, or add whole sets to provide the best hypertrophy-specific overload? Based on the current literature, the likely answer is “some of all 3,” but with a progression in set numbers probably being the most well supported. The trade-offs between repetition and weight progression are not as clear and are discussed. (Source: Strength and Conditioning Journal)
Source: Strength and Conditioning Journal - October 1, 2020 Category: Sports Medicine Tags: Article Source Type: research
Bodybuilding and Physique Special Topic Issue
No abstract available (Source: Strength and Conditioning Journal)
Source: Strength and Conditioning Journal - October 1, 2020 Category: Sports Medicine Tags: Editorial Source Type: research
Concussions in Female Athletes: Practical Applications for the Strength and Conditioning Expert
With the significant increase in concussion research and focus in the media, it is important for strength and conditioning coaches and medical experts to be clear on sex differences between how female and male concussed athletes may experience a concussion. To that end, this article offers a review of this current research, along with practical applications of the research for coaches and clinicians who work with female athletes. How should we be working with concussed female athletes specifically to assure their optimal recovery and future brain health? (Source: Strength and Conditioning Journal)
Source: Strength and Conditioning Journal - July 31, 2020 Category: Sports Medicine Tags: Article Source Type: research
Strength and Conditioning Recommendations for Female GAA Athletes: The Camogie Player
Camogie (kuh·mow·gee) is a traditional, amateur Gaelic sport played by female athletes. This invasion-based field sport involves high-intensity intermittent physical demands. There is currently a dearth of available research in intercounty despite the prevalence of research in the male version of the game (hurling). The aims of this article are to provide strength and conditioning recommendations for the sport of camogie, specifically at intercounty level. These recommendations include considerations working with intercounty female camogie athletes, specific camogie injury epidemiology, physiological demands, and practic...
Source: Strength and Conditioning Journal - July 31, 2020 Category: Sports Medicine Tags: Article Source Type: research
Pregnancy and Postpartum Training: Coaching Considerations
Exercise is beneficial for women to continue during pregnancy and the postpartum period. However, many women do not meet the minimum guidelines set forth by the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. Strength and conditioning coaches and personal trainers working specifically with athletes and nonathletes during childbearing years should continue to encourage their clientele to exercise. Educating them on altering their current exercise program and adapting it as they progress through their pregnancy into the postpartum period is important. General recommendations for exercise and certain modifications may be...
Source: Strength and Conditioning Journal - July 31, 2020 Category: Sports Medicine Tags: Invitation Source Type: research
Pelvic Floor Dysfunction in Female Athletes
Pelvic floor dysfunction (PFD) in female athletes can have a negative impact on quality of life, athletic performance, and participation in sport. Research indicates that female athletes participating in sports that involve running, jumping, and high-impact landing are at a higher risk for PFD than nonathletic females. The stress and increased intra-abdominal pressure from high-impact forces, as well as neuromuscular fatigue of the pelvic floor musculature, may contribute to PFD in female athletes. Sport coaches, fitness professionals, and health care providers play an essential role in raising awareness about PFD and prom...
Source: Strength and Conditioning Journal - July 31, 2020 Category: Sports Medicine Tags: Invitation Source Type: research
Nutritional Needs of the Female Athlete: Risk and Prevention of Low Energy Availability
To date, most of the research surrounding low energy availability (LEA) and female athletes has focused on the high prevalence rates (2–77%). Despite the severe negative health and performance consequences, awareness of this issue is low. There are potentially a multitude of factors that contribute to the development of LEA across the menstrual cycle and training phases. This review highlights these influences and provides practical tips for those working with female athletes. (Source: Strength and Conditioning Journal)
Source: Strength and Conditioning Journal - July 31, 2020 Category: Sports Medicine Tags: Invitation Source Type: research
Nutritional Considerations for the Female Vegan Athlete
This article will discuss the vegan diet, as it pertains to the female athlete. (Source: Strength and Conditioning Journal)
Source: Strength and Conditioning Journal - July 31, 2020 Category: Sports Medicine Tags: Invitation Source Type: research
Nutrition for Adolescent Female Team Sport Athletes: A Review
Adequate nutrition generally promotes training adaptations and thus optimal performance. Adolescence is characterized by a pubescence growth spurt, increasing energy and nutrient needs. Most team sports literature focuses on male athletes, with little on adolescent female team sports. Adolescent female athletes are at an increased risk of inadequate energy, and micronutrient intakes because of the pursuit of high fitness levels, and society pressures. This may cause hormonal irregularities, delayed development, poor bone health, and increased risk of injury. This review synthesizes information on the nutritional needs of a...
Source: Strength and Conditioning Journal - July 31, 2020 Category: Sports Medicine Tags: Article Source Type: research
