Glenohumeral Extension and the Dip: Considerations for the Strength and Conditioning Professional
A significant number of resistance training injuries occur at the shoulder complex. However, there is a lack of research identifying predictive variables, which may increase the risk of these injuries. Certain exercises, such as those requiring the apprehension position (glenohumeral abduction with external rotation), have been investigated and found to be associated with shoulder pain and injury. However, there are additional exercises or positions that may also be associated with increased injury risk. The position of end-range glenohumeral extension, particularly as it pertains to a dip, is a vulnerable position that ma...
Source: Strength and Conditioning Journal - February 1, 2021 Category: Sports Medicine Tags: Article Source Type: research
Assessing Maximal Oxygen Uptake: Creating Personalized Incremental Exercise Protocols Simply and Quickly
Measuring cardiorespiratory fitness (CF) is important for researchers, clinicians, and exercise practitioners to assess an individual's CF. One method of assessing CF is accomplished by measuring the maximal oxygen uptake during a personalized maximal graded exercise test (GXT). Tailoring a GXT protocol to a specific subject can be troublesome and time-consuming. In this article, simple and ready-to-use spreadsheets allowing the creation of individualized walking, running, and cycling GXT protocols are presented and explained. The procedures within the spreadsheets are based on the latest validated protocols, and the sprea...
Source: Strength and Conditioning Journal - February 1, 2021 Category: Sports Medicine Tags: Article Source Type: research
Progressive Exercise Strategies to Mitigate Shoulder Injuries Among Weight-Training Participants
This article presents a progressive approach to exercises designed to mitigate well-known joint and muscle characteristics that have been associated with shoulder disorders. Using a progressive evidence-based model, practical applications are presented that will guide sports medicine and strength training professionals in their ability to provide an evidence-informed upper extremity weight-training program for both patients and clients. (Source: Strength and Conditioning Journal)
Source: Strength and Conditioning Journal - February 1, 2021 Category: Sports Medicine Tags: Article Source Type: research
Ischiofemoral Impingement Syndrome: An Overview for Strength and Conditioning Professionals
Ischiofemoral impingement (IFI) is a hip condition associated with the entrapment of the quadratus femoris muscle between the ischiofemoral space and the lesser trochanter of the femur. As an overlooked cause of hip pain, it is often confused with other injuries (e.g., deep gluteal syndrome and proximal hamstring tendinitis), with S&C professionals and rehabilitation specialists being generally unaware of its existence. Therefore, the aim of this article is to present an overview of IFI, which includes diagnosis, injury mechanisms, and conservative treatment options. (Source: Strength and Conditioning Journal)
Source: Strength and Conditioning Journal - February 1, 2021 Category: Sports Medicine Tags: Article Source Type: research
A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of the Effect of Multi-ingredient Preworkout Supplementation on Strength, Exercise Volume, and Anaerobic Capacity in Healthy Resistance-Trained Individuals
This study assessed the effectiveness of multi-ingredient preworkout supplements (MIPSs) when compared with placebo on strength, power, exercise volume, and anaerobic capacity in healthy resistance-trained individuals. Twenty-two (n = 22) studies and 458 participants were included. Quality of outcomes was rated as low and was downgraded mostly because of imprecision and high risk of bias. Optimal forms and strategies on MIPS consumption and use has not yet been rigorously examined. Although improvements were noted for lower body strength (repetitions) and upper body power (Watts), most results were inconclusive, and the re...
Source: Strength and Conditioning Journal - February 1, 2021 Category: Sports Medicine Tags: Article Source Type: research
Interlimb Asymmetries: Are Thresholds a Usable Concept?
This article aims to provide practitioners with some guidelines on meaningful ways to use and interpret interlimb asymmetry data. (Source: Strength and Conditioning Journal)
Source: Strength and Conditioning Journal - February 1, 2021 Category: Sports Medicine Tags: Article Source Type: research
Developing Powerful Athletes Part 2: Practical Applications
In part 1 of this two-part review, we addressed the recent criticisms of the use of terms such as power, rate of force development, and explosiveness, over impulse. These terms were distinguished mechanically and conceptually for the benefit of the scientist and coach. In part 2, we use the key mechanical parameters underpinning power development and its relationship with the force–time characteristics and force–velocity profile of sporting movements, to evidence the planning of training drills and assist the strength and conditioning coach in devising periodized training programs. (Source: Strength and Conditioning Journal)
Source: Strength and Conditioning Journal - February 1, 2021 Category: Sports Medicine Tags: Article Source Type: research
The Flywheel Paradigm in Team Sports: A Soccer Approach
This article examines the research behind these claims and attempts to draw evidence-based conclusions as to the practical implications for a precise use of FW with team-sport players, attending to their specific demands and objectives. (Source: Strength and Conditioning Journal)
Source: Strength and Conditioning Journal - February 1, 2021 Category: Sports Medicine Tags: Article Source Type: research
Developing a Strength and Conditioning Technical Framework: An Example From a Canoe Slalom National Performance Program
Canoe slalom requires technical ability, well-developed energetics, a high level of maximum force production, and range of movement to perform a variety of complex paddle stokes, while maneuvering through a challenging whitewater course. The strength and conditioning (S&C) coach should provide strategic direction across a network or department including S&C coaches working toward identified outcomes and measures. S&C coaches should collaborate with a multidisciplinary support team (i.e., sport coaches, physiotherapists, physiologists, etc.) to develop a technical framework. The technical framework may allow for development...
Source: Strength and Conditioning Journal - February 1, 2021 Category: Sports Medicine Tags: Article Source Type: research
Partial Range of Motion Resistance Training: A Feasible Bodybuilding Training Regimen for Local or Regional Muscle Hypertrophy?: Erratum
No abstract available (Source: Strength and Conditioning Journal)
Source: Strength and Conditioning Journal - December 1, 2020 Category: Sports Medicine Tags: Erratum Source Type: research
Seven Pillars of Prevention: Effective Strategies for Strength and Conditioning Coaches to Reduce Injury Risk and Improve Performance in Young Athletes
Strength and conditioning provision for young athletes offers unique challenges and opportunities for coaches. Periods of rapid and nonuniform growth in skeletal structures can result in temporary reductions in athletic performance and heightened injury risk. Despite the increased risk of injury in young athletes, surprisingly, there is often a lack of adherence to injury prevention programs, despite a compelling body of evidence showing their effectiveness. Thus, clearer guidelines on how to best implement targeted interventions that maximize performance adaptations and minimize logistical constraints are likely beneficia...
Source: Strength and Conditioning Journal - December 1, 2020 Category: Sports Medicine Tags: Article Source Type: research
Energy and Macronutrient Considerations for Young Athletes
Young athletes undergo many anatomical and physiological changes during the first 2 decades of life as a result of growth and maturation. Such changes influence a young athlete's nutritional requirements and it is therefore inappropriate to apply nutritional guidelines for adult athletes to this population. Nutritional recommendations for young athletes should not only focus on sporting performance but should also meet the requirements to ensure optimal growth, maturation, and physical development. This review article provides an overview of the nutritional recommendations for young athletes based on the best available lit...
Source: Strength and Conditioning Journal - December 1, 2020 Category: Sports Medicine Tags: Article Source Type: research
Navigating the Complex Pathway of Youth Athletic Development: Challenges and Solutions to Managing the Training Load of Youth Team Sport Athletes
This article outlines challenges that may restrict the optimal balance between training and recovery and provide solutions to help practitioners overcome these challenges. To facilitate positive youth athletic development, training aims must be aligned between stakeholders to synchronize periods of intensified training and recovery. Within- and between-athlete variations in weekly training load must be managed and practitioners should attempt to ensure the intended load of training equals the load perceived by the athlete. Furthermore, practitioners should be cognizant of the athletes' nonsport-related stressors to enable ...
Source: Strength and Conditioning Journal - December 1, 2020 Category: Sports Medicine Tags: Article Source Type: research
Resisted Sled Training for Young Athletes: When to Push and Pull
This article reviews the prescription of load, methods of RST, and the integration of sprint-specific periodized training blocks during the preparatory phase to elicit the greatest gains within different phases of sprint performance such as early acceleration, late acceleration, and the transition to maximum velocity. A targeted, long-term approach to RST may enable more effective development of speed in young athletes. (Source: Strength and Conditioning Journal)
Source: Strength and Conditioning Journal - December 1, 2020 Category: Sports Medicine Tags: Article Source Type: research
Taking A Long-Term Approach to the Development of Weightlifting Ability in Young Athletes
This article explores teaching progressions to help coaches periodize weightlifting training for young or novice athletes, with consideration to the theoretical concepts underpinning long-term athletic development. It is hoped that the structured and progressive guidelines presented in the current article will help coaches develop the weightlifting performance of their young athletes in a safe and effective manner. (Source: Strength and Conditioning Journal)
Source: Strength and Conditioning Journal - December 1, 2020 Category: Sports Medicine Tags: Article Source Type: research
