The Affective Core of Delusional Disorder
The aim of the present study is to investigate the relationship between personality, trait affectivity, and severity of delusions in patients with delusional disorder (DD). Thirty-two outpatients affected by DD were administered the Structured Interview for DSM-IV-TR Personality Disorders (SIDP-IV), the Pathological Narcissism Inventory (PNI), the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS), and the Psychotic Symptom Rating Scale (PSYRATS). We analyzed the prevalence of personality disorder in our sample of patients with DD and studied the correlations between the severity of delusions and the different affective variabl...
Source: Psychopathology - March 10, 2022 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Comparing Mentalizing Abilities in Older Adults with and without Common Mental Disorders
Conclusions: The results show the importance of mentalization concepts for mental disorders in patients in the second half of life. There are indications of an imbalance of different aspects of mentalizing ability, especially between self- and other-related mentalizing abilities. Improving this balance could be a goal of therapeutic interventions.Psychopathology (Source: Psychopathology)
Source: Psychopathology - March 4, 2022 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Post-Psychotic Depression: An Updated Review of the Term and Clinical Implications
Conclusions: Coinciding with the latest classification manuals that do not include the term, there appears to be an abandonment of its use despite its high prevalence. Data suggest that PPD is a nosological entity different from a secondary effect to antipsychotics, the negative symptoms of psychosis, and other clinical disorders that combine psychotic and depressive symptoms such as bipolar disorder, schizoaffective disorder, or depression with psychotic symptoms. PPD also has differential characteristics concerning further depressive symptoms, especially important clinical implications such as higher suicide risk and poo...
Source: Psychopathology - February 25, 2022 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Investigating the Contribution of Decision-Making, Cognitive Insight, and Theory of Mind in Insight in Schizophrenia: A Cross-Sectional Study
Conclusions [JTC]), Cognitive Insight (CI), and Theory of Mind (ToM) to insight remains unclear.Methods: The sample includedN = 77 SSD outpatients aged 18 –64 years from a randomized controlled trial of metacognitive training. Assessments included JTC-Beads Task, CI-Beck Cognitive Insight Scale, ToM-Hinting Task, and the Emotions Recognition Test Faces. Statistics: hierarchical multivariable linear regression models tested their contribution to tota l insight (TI) and three insight dimensions – illness recognition (IR), symptom relabelling (SR), and treatment compliance (TC) – measured with the Schedule for the Asses...
Source: Psychopathology - February 17, 2022 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Borderline Personality Disorder, Lived Space, and the Stimmung
This article aims to contribute to the description of such a world. Drawing upon clinical sequences that give prominence to the first-person perspective, we will analyse the experience of some typical “symptoms” of BPD in a phenomenological and topological way. We will be led to conclude that the borderline stimmung seems to display the following characteristics: a pervading immediacy of lived experience, a territorialization that tends towards ubiquity, a certain difficulty to deal with the unity and difference poles, a quite horizontal concern with ecstasy and elation, and a waning of reflexivity in the lived space.P...
Source: Psychopathology - February 3, 2022 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Relationship between Borderline Personality Disorder, Emotional Availability, and Cortisol Output in Mother-Child Dyads
Conclusion: Results imply that the hormonal stress activity of mothers with BPD and their children is altered, which may reflect modified stress regulation and stress vulnerability in mother and child and may impact on mother-child interaction. The finding of a positive association between mother ’s and child total cortisol output could indicate an intergenerational transmission of these alterations.Psychopathology (Source: Psychopathology)
Source: Psychopathology - January 24, 2022 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Let ’s Get Personal, Let’s Get Physical: Approaching the Bodily Self in Clinical Interactions
Medicine usually looks at the body as a biochemical and physicalapparatus– from a distant third-person perspective, with fragmented, reductionist positions, unidirectional causal models, and highly selective foci. Even psychiatrists and psychotherapists focus more and more on the brain as an organ, look at genes and colourful pictures. And just as biomedical medicine stares at physical and chemical facts and ignores the person, one could say that psychotherapy stares at personality, cognition, and behaviour and ignores the body. But the lowlands where being-a-person and having-a-bodymeetmatter a lot for becoming ill, sta...
Source: Psychopathology - January 17, 2022 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
How Social Exclusion, Embitterment, and Conspiracy Beliefs Mediate Individual ’s Intention to Vaccination against COVID-19: Results from a Moderated Serial Mediation Analysis
Conclusion: Taken together, results suggest that embitterment not only plays a relevant role in vaccination intention against COVID-19 but also for the susceptibility to engage in conspiracy beliefs.Psychopathology (Source: Psychopathology)
Source: Psychopathology - January 11, 2022 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Aberrant Salience among Young Healthy Postgraduate University Students: The Role of Cannabis Use, Psychotic-Like Experiences, and Personality
Aberrant salience (AS) is an anomalous world experience which plays a major role in psychotic proneness. In the general population, a deployment of this construct – encompassing personality traits, psychotic-like symptoms, and cannabis use – could prove useful to outline the relative importance of these factors. For this purpose, 106 postgraduate university students filled the AS Inventory (ASI), the Community Assessment of Psychic Experiences (CAPE), the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI), and the Symptom Checklist 90-Revised (SCL-90-R). Lifetime cannabis users (n = 56) and individuals who did not use cannabis ...
Source: Psychopathology - January 11, 2022 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Four Core Concepts in Psychiatric Diagnosis
In the present article, we aimed at describing the diagnostic process in Psychiatry through a phenomenological perspective. We have identified 4 core concepts which may represent the joints of a phenomenologically oriented diagnosis. The “tightrope walking” attitude refers to the psychiatrist’s ability to swing between 2 different and sometimes contrasting tendencies (e.g., engagement and disengagement). The “holistic experience” includes all those intuitive, nonverbal, and pre-thematic elements that emerge in the early st ages of the clinical encounter as an emanation of the atmospheric quality of the intersubje...
Source: Psychopathology - December 29, 2021 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Toward Understanding of Suicidality in a Spanish Clinical Population: Validation of the European Spanish Version of the Interpersonal Needs Questionnaire
Conclusions: The current results demonstrate the utility of an 8-item INQ European Spanish version as a valid measure of the current SI in Spanish clinical population. In addition, the validated form reflects the theoretical framework on which it was built.Psychopathology (Source: Psychopathology)
Source: Psychopathology - December 28, 2021 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
A Developmental Study of Mirror-Gazing-Induced Anomalous Self-Experiences and Self-Reported Schizotypy from 7 to 28 Years of Age
Conclusion: This study has the potential to inform research on early detection of psychosis through a developmental approach and links the concept of schizotypy with processes of perceptual self-distortions.Psychopathology (Source: Psychopathology)
Source: Psychopathology - December 28, 2021 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Borderline We-Space? The Phenomenology of the Background of Safety in Borderline Personality Disorder
This article aimed to contribute to such a phenomenological understanding by focusing on what we think is an essential aspect that has yet not been sufficiently addressed: the background of safety. To clarify what this means, we depart from Sandler ’s [Int J Psychoan. 1960;41:352 –6] psychoanalytic concept and elaborate on it phenomenologically. This leads us to argue that the development of a background of safety requires a particular embodied presence of others, which, in turn, contributes to the constitution of a safe we-space, a shared and familiar environment providin g a matrix for the experience of a stable worl...
Source: Psychopathology - December 20, 2021 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Social and Nonsocial Autism Symptom Domains in Children and Adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: Insights into Their Symptomatological Interplay
Conclusion: Overall, the results support an additive model of the symptomatology across areas of communication, social interaction, and stereotyped behaviors and restricted interests in case of the co-occurrence of ASD and ADHD when assessed with ADOS/ADI-R. Thus, one can assume that the phenotypic overlap of ASD + ADHD may be less complicated than suspected – at least with regard to ASD symptomatology – and that in the presence of ADHD, ASD symptomatology is generally well measurable with best-practice diagnostic instruments.Psychopathology (Source: Psychopathology)
Source: Psychopathology - December 17, 2021 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Psychobiological Correlates of Aggression in Female Adolescents with Borderline Personality Disorder
This study investigated aggressive behavior and its biological correlates in adolescents with BPD.Methods: Twenty-one female adolescents with a DSM-IV BPD diagnosis and 25 sex- and age-matched healthy controls participated in the Taylor Aggression Paradigm (TAP), a laboratory-based experiment measuring aggressive behavior in the interpersonal context. Heart rate was measured and saliva samples were taken throughout the experiment.Results: Multilevel mixed-effects linear regression analyses revealed no significant group difference in aggressive behavior induced by the TAP. Additionally, the two groups did not differ in cort...
Source: Psychopathology - December 6, 2021 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
