Stridor Due to Cranial Nerve X Palsy Progressing to Polyneuropathy in a Teenager With COVID-19
The neurologic manifestations of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are wide-ranging, including various cranial neuropathies, beyond anosmia and dysgeusia, the exact neuropathological mechanism of which are yet unknown. Acute cranial nerve (CN) X neuritis with vocal cord paralysis has not been reported in COVID-19 and is a rare presentation of neuropathy in general. A girl aged 14 years was admitted with stridor. She was diagnosed with symptomatic COVID-19 8 days before. By presentation, fever had resolved, but she had developed stridor; sore throat with dysphagia; chest, shoulder, and back pain; and generalized weakness....
Source: PEDIATRICS - December 1, 2021 Category: Pediatrics Source Type: research
Spontaneous Massive Pneumomediastinum in a Previously Well Infant With COVID-19
A 3-month-old boy presented with a 3-hour history of a neck lump and difficulty breathing after 5 days of fever and reduced feeding. Pneumomediastinum with subcutaneous emphysema were identified, and the child was intubated because of severe work of breathing, requiring significant levels of oxygen and ventilatory pressure. Computed tomography chest scan revealed massive pneumomediastinum and significant bilateral parenchymal disease. The child deteriorated cardiovascularly, so the mediastinum was dissected by cardiothoracic surgeons and 2 drains were placed. The patient clinically improved with resolution of air leak over...
Source: PEDIATRICS - December 1, 2021 Category: Pediatrics Source Type: research
Molecular Characterization of Inflammatory Tumors Facilitates Initiation of Effective Therapy
We present a girl aged 11 years with aTFG-ROS1 fusion –positive tumor of the lung that was initially diagnosed as an immunoglobin G4–related inflammatory pseudotumor. She underwent complete left-sided pneumonectomy and later recurred with widely metastatic disease. We then report the case of a boy aged 9 years with widely metastaticTFG-ROS1 fusion –positive IMT with rapid molecular diagnosis. In both children, there was an excellent response to oral targeted therapy. These cases reveal that rapid molecular testing of inflammatory tumors is not only important for diagnosis but also reveals therapeutic opportunities. T...
Source: PEDIATRICS - December 1, 2021 Category: Pediatrics Source Type: research
Central Venous Catheter Salvage in Ambulatory Central Line –Associated Bloodstream Infections
CONCLUSIONSCVC salvage was often attempted and was frequently successful in ambulatory pediatric patients presenting with CLABSI. (Source: PEDIATRICS)
Source: PEDIATRICS - December 1, 2021 Category: Pediatrics Source Type: research
Single-Examination Risk Prediction of Severe Retinopathy of Prematurity
CONCLUSIONSUsing a single examination, this model identified all infants who developed TR-ROP, on average,>1 month before diagnosis with moderate to high specificity. This approach could lead to earlier identification of incident severe ROP, reducing late diagnosis and treatment while simultaneously reducing the number of ROP examinations and unnecessary physiologic stress for low-risk infants. (Source: PEDIATRICS)
Source: PEDIATRICS - December 1, 2021 Category: Pediatrics Source Type: research
An Internet Quiz Game Intervention for Adolescent Alcohol Drinking: A Clustered RCT
CONCLUSIONSThe Internet quiz game intervention reduced underage drinking by 21% at 1-month and 14% at 3-month follow-up compared with conventional health education. (Source: PEDIATRICS)
Source: PEDIATRICS - December 1, 2021 Category: Pediatrics Source Type: research
Reticular Dysgenesis: A Rare Immunodeficiency in a Neonate With Cytopenias and Bacterial Sepsis
Severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) consists of a group of disorders defined by abnormal B and T cell development that typically results in death within the first year of life if undiagnosed or untreated. Reticular dysgenesis (RD) is a rare but especially severe form of SCID that is caused by adenylate kinase 2 deficiency and is characterized not only by lymphopenia but also by profound neutropenia. RD predisposes patients to viral and fungal infections typical of SCID as well as serious bacterial infections atypical in the neonatal period in other SCID types. RD is also associated with sensorineural hearing loss not t...
Source: PEDIATRICS - December 1, 2021 Category: Pediatrics Source Type: research
STEPP IN: A Multicenter Quality Improvement Collaborative Standardizing Postoperative Handoffs
CONCLUSIONSTeam engagement within a quality improvement framework had a positive impact on the perioperative handoff process for high-risk surgical neonates. We improved care as demonstrated by a decrease in postoperative care failures while maintaining high provider satisfaction. (Source: PEDIATRICS)
Source: PEDIATRICS - December 1, 2021 Category: Pediatrics Source Type: research
AAP Publications Reaffirmed or Retired
This document is copyrighted and is property of the American Academy of Pediatrics and its Board of Directors. All authors have filed conflict of interest statements with the American Academy of Pediatrics. Any conflicts have been resolved through a process approved by the Board of Directors. The American Academy of Pediatrics has neither solicited nor accepted any commercial involvement in the development of the content of this publication. (Source: PEDIATRICS)
Source: PEDIATRICS - December 1, 2021 Category: Pediatrics Source Type: research
From King Nebuchadnezzar of Babylon to Mumps Genotyping and Vaccination 26 Centuries Later
Jeryl Lynn Hilleman was diagnosed with mumps infection in 1963. Her father, Maurice Hilleman, a virologist at Merck, collected a throat swab from his 5-year-old daughter, isolated the mumps virus in his laboratory, passaged the virus several times to attenuate the virus, and subsequently produced the Jeryl Lynn strain of mumps vaccine virus.1 In this issue ofPediatrics, investigators from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in Atlanta, Georgia, present an update on mumps infections in the United States in the 21st century.2 (Source: PEDIATRICS)
Source: PEDIATRICS - December 1, 2021 Category: Pediatrics Source Type: research
Outcomes of Cystic Fibrosis Screening –Positive Infants With Inconclusive Diagnosis at School Age
CONCLUSIONSChildren with CFSPID have good nutritional and pulmonary outcomes at school age, but rates of reclassifying the diagnosis are high. The initial sweat chloride test can be used as a biomarker to predict the risk for CF in CFSPID. (Source: PEDIATRICS)
Source: PEDIATRICS - December 1, 2021 Category: Pediatrics Source Type: research
Parent Verbalizations and Toddler Responses With Touchscreen Tablet Nursery Rhyme Apps
CONCLUSIONSParent-toddler reciprocal verbal interactions occurred less frequently with tablet versus print book use. Child emotion regulation and parent home media practices moderated some of these associations. Pediatricians may wish to promote co-viewing and instructive media practices but may also consider that child emotion regulation may determine response to interactive tablet design. (Source: PEDIATRICS)
Source: PEDIATRICS - December 1, 2021 Category: Pediatrics Source Type: research
Statement of Correction. Use of Probiotics in Preterm Infants
A correction was needed in the American Academy of Pediatrics Clinical Report “Use of Probiotics in Preterm Infants” (Pediatrics 2021;147[6]:2021051485; doi:10.1542/peds.2021-051485). Under the heading “Pros and Cons of Administration of Currently Available Probiotic Products,” the second paragraph should be removed and replaced with the following: “Some of the products currently available in the United States are categorized as dietary supplements or as foods for special dietary use (FSDU). ” (Source: PEDIATRICS)
Source: PEDIATRICS - December 1, 2021 Category: Pediatrics Source Type: research
Youth Resilience Education and 13-Year Motor Vehicle Crash Risk
DRIVE is a prospective cohort study of a large ( ≥20 000) nonrepresentative sample of newly licensed young drivers in New South Wales, Australia.1 Its objective is to identify risk and protective factors for motor vehicle crashes (MVCs) (or crashes) by observing subgroup differences over time. A previously observed protective factor was participation in the New South Wales Health Reduce Risk Increase Student Knowledge (RRISK) resilience program.2 RRISK brings together grade 11 students from diverse schools for a 1-day, whole-of-community seminar that is preceded and followed by multiple peer-led teacher and parent supp...
Source: PEDIATRICS - December 1, 2021 Category: Pediatrics Source Type: research
Predicting ROP Severity by Artificial Intelligence: Pragmatic Versus Knowledge-Based Approach
Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) blindness is largely preventable, with many countries having already established programs for its timely identification. However, ∼93% of infants screened do not develop ROP severe enough to require treatment.1 As reported in this issue ofPediatrics by Coyner et al.2 artificial intelligence (AI) is innovative methodology to optimize the timing of ROP examinations. For example, it can predict whether an eye will not require treatment, reducing the number of examinations needed while also predicting which eyes need closer surveillance. This is an important development because it would make ...
Source: PEDIATRICS - December 1, 2021 Category: Pediatrics Source Type: research
