Evaluation and Management of Fetal Macrosomia
Macrosomia results from abnormal fetal growth and can lead to serious consequences for the mother and fetus. In cases of suspected macrosomia, patients must be counseled carefully regarding a delivery plan, and Cesarean section should be considered when indicated. Techniques to assess for suspected macrosomia include clinical measurements, ultrasound, and MRI. (Source: Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinics)
Source: Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinics - May 8, 2021 Category: OBGYN Authors: Michelle T. Nguyen, Joseph G. Ouzounian Source Type: research
Fetal Growth in Multiple Gestations
Multifetal gestation pregnancies present a clinical challenge due to unique complications including growth issues, prematurity, maternal risk, and pathologic processes, such as selective intrauterine growth restriction (sIUGR), twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS), and twin anemia-polycythemia sequence. If sIUGR is found, then management may involve some combination of increased surveillance, fetal procedures, and/or delivery. The combination of sIUGR with TTTS or other comorbidities increases the risk of pregnancy complications. Multifetal pregnancy reduction is an option when a problem is confined to a single fetus o...
Source: Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinics - May 8, 2021 Category: OBGYN Authors: Nicholas Behrendt, Henry L. Galan Source Type: research
Fetal Growth and Stillbirth
Fetal growth restriction (FGR) is a common clinical manifestation of placental insufficiency. As such, FGR is a risk factor for stillbirth. This association has been demonstrated in numerous studies but is prone to overestimation because of the possibility of prolonged in utero retention before the recognition of the fetal death. Stillbirth risk reduction by optimizing maternal medical conditions and exposures and appropriate antenatal testing and delivery timing are essential to pregnancies affected by FGR. It is important to evaluate stillbirths with FGR with fetal autopsy, placental pathology, genetic testing, and asses...
Source: Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinics - May 8, 2021 Category: OBGYN Authors: Jessica M. Page, Nathan R. Blue, Robert M. Silver Source Type: research
Recurrence Risk of Fetal Growth Restriction
Fetal growth restriction (FGR) is a common obstetric complication that predisposes to mortality across the lifespan. Women with a prior pregnancy affected by FGR have a 20% to 30% risk of recurrence, but effective preventive strategies are lacking. Pharmacologic interventions to prevent FGR are lacking. Low-dose aspirin may be somewhat effective, but low-molecular-weight heparin and sildenafil are not. Surveillance in a subsequent pregnancy may consist of serial ultrasonography with timing and frequency determined by the clinical severity in the index pregnancy. Once FGR is diagnosed, the principal management strategy cons...
Source: Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinics - May 8, 2021 Category: OBGYN Authors: Nathan R. Blue, Jessica M. Page, Robert M. Silver Source Type: research
Ultrasound Diagnosis of the Small and Large Fetus
Antenatal imaging is crucial in the management of high-risk pregnancies. Accurate dating relies on acquisition of reliable and reproducible ultrasound images and measurements. Quality image acquisition is necessary for assessing fetal growth and performing Doppler measurements to help diagnose pregnancy complications, stratify risk, and guide management. Further research is needed to ascertain whether current methods for estimating fetal weight can be improved with 3-dimensional ultrasound or magnetic resonance imaging; optimize dating with late initiation of prenatal care; minimize under-diagnosis of fetal growth restrict...
Source: Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinics - May 8, 2021 Category: OBGYN Authors: Alice Self, Aris T. Papageorghiou Source Type: research
Fetal Growth in the Twenty-First Century: A Pressing Challenge for Clinicians and Researchers
Fetal growth is a culmination of complex fetal-placental-maternal processes that adapt to maternal and environmental factors. Deviations in normal growth occur in the form of fetal growth restriction (FGR) and fetal overgrowth and represent a pressing and difficult clinical challenge. The challenge is pressing because the global burden of morbidity from FGR and fetal overgrowth is considerable. It is difficult because of the limited available options for diagnosis and management; few are supported by robust evidence, and many more questions exist than answers. (Source: Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinics)
Source: Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinics - May 8, 2021 Category: OBGYN Authors: Nathan R. Blue, Robert M. Silver Tags: Preface Source Type: research
Understanding the Intricacies of Individual Fetal Growth
This quarterly issue of Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinics of North America, edited by Nathan Blue, MD and Robert Silver, MD, pertains to the intricacies of fetal growth. The eventual size of the newborn infant is a culmination of complex placental functions and fetal physiologic processes in adapting to maternal and environmental influences. This issue reviews the definition, prevalence, significance, risk factors, cause, and diagnosis and treatment of every fetus in which there is a deviation in normal growth in the form of either growth restriction or overgrowth. (Source: Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinics)
Source: Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinics - May 8, 2021 Category: OBGYN Authors: William F. Rayburn Tags: Foreword Source Type: research
Fetal Growth
OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA (Source: Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinics)
Source: Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinics - May 8, 2021 Category: OBGYN Authors: Nathan R. Blue, Robert M. Silver Source Type: research
Copyright
Elsevier (Source: Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinics)
Source: Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinics - May 8, 2021 Category: OBGYN Source Type: research
Contributors
WILLIAM F. RAYBURN, MD, MBA (Source: Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinics)
Source: Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinics - May 8, 2021 Category: OBGYN Source Type: research
Contents
William F. Rayburn (Source: Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinics)
Source: Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinics - May 8, 2021 Category: OBGYN Source Type: research
Forthcoming Issues
Advances in Female Pelvic Medicine and Reconstructive Surgery (Source: Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinics)
Source: Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinics - May 8, 2021 Category: OBGYN Source Type: research
Goals for Collaborative Management of Obstetric Hemorrhage
This article reviews relevant physiologic changes of pregnancy that may have an impact on hemorrhage management and describes collaborative approaches for management of hemorrhage in this unique population. (Source: Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinics)
Source: Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinics - February 9, 2021 Category: OBGYN Authors: Suzanne McMurtry Baird, Stephanie Martin, Margaret (Betsy) Babb Kennedy Source Type: research
Reproductive Rights and Women ’s Mental Health
This article provides the evidence for the safety of abortion, for both women and girls, and encourages readers to advocate against restrictions. (Source: Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinics)
Source: Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinics - February 9, 2021 Category: OBGYN Authors: Nada L. Stotland, Angela D. Shrestha, Naomi E. Stotland Source Type: research
Role of Lipid Management in Women ’s Health Preventive Care
Managing dyslipidemia over a women ’s life, including a focus on pregnancy, contraception, and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk prevention can decrease the burden of cardiovascular disease. (Source: Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinics)
Source: Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinics - February 9, 2021 Category: OBGYN Authors: Pardis Hosseinzadeh, Robert Wild Source Type: research
