Visual attention and inhibitory control in children, teenagers and adults with autism without intellectual disability: results of oculomotor tasks from a 2-year longitudinal follow-up study (InFoR)
ConclusionsChildren and teenagers with ASD have greater difficulty in attention switching and inhibiting prepotent stimuli. Adults with ASD can overcome these difficulties, but, similar to teenagers and children with ASD, they make more erroneous and anticipatory saccades and display a greater trial-to-trial variability in all oculomotor tasks compared to their peers. Our results are indicative of a developmental delay in the maturation of executive and attentional functioning in ASD and of a specific impairment in inhibitory control. (Source: Molecular Autism)
Source: Molecular Autism - November 13, 2021 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research
Correction to: The Comprehensive Autistic Trait Inventory (CATI): development and validation of a new measure of autistic traits in the general population
(Source: Molecular Autism)
Source: Molecular Autism - November 8, 2021 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research
De novo variants in CACNA1E found in patients with intellectual disability, developmental regression and social cognition deficit but no seizures
ConclusionsOur results indicate thatCACNA1E variants may result in neurodevelopmental disorders without epilepsy and expand the mutational and phenotypic spectrum of this gene.CACNA1E deserves to be included in gene panels for non-specific developmental disorders, including ASD, and not limited to patients with seizures, to improve diagnostic recognition and explore the possible efficacy of topiramate. (Source: Molecular Autism)
Source: Molecular Autism - October 26, 2021 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research
Regulatory T lymphocytes/Th17 lymphocytes imbalance in autism spectrum disorders: evidence from a meta-analysis
ConclusionOur meta-analysis indicates defects in CD4+ lymphocytes, specifically decrease oin Tregs and increase in Th17 in ASD patients and supports the development of targeted immunotherapies in the field of ASD. (Source: Molecular Autism)
Source: Molecular Autism - October 12, 2021 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research
Exploring sensory phenotypes in autism spectrum disorder
ConclusionsThese findings suggest that sensory difficulties in autistic individuals can be clustered into sensory phenotypes, and that these phenotypes are associated with behavioural differences. Given the large degree of heterogeneity in sensory difficulties seen in the autistic population, these sensory phenotypes represent an effective way to parse that heterogeneity and create phenotypes that may aid in the development of effective treatments and interventions for sensory difficulties. (Source: Molecular Autism)
Source: Molecular Autism - October 12, 2021 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research
Prevalence and phenotypic impact of rare potentially damaging variants in autism spectrum disorder
ConclusionsIn this epidemiological sample, rare pdSNV were more common than pdCNV and the combined yield of potentially damaging variation was substantial at 27%. The results provide compelling rationale for the use of high-throughout sequencing as part of routine clinical workup for ASD and support the development of precision medicine in ASD. (Source: Molecular Autism)
Source: Molecular Autism - October 6, 2021 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research
How rare and common risk variation jointly affect liability for autism spectrum disorder
ConclusionsLiability arising from common and rare risk variations likely combines additively to determine risk of any individual diagnosed with ASD. On average, ASD subjects carry a substantial burden of common risk variation, even if they also carry a rare PDV affecting risk. (Source: Molecular Autism)
Source: Molecular Autism - October 6, 2021 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research
Affect and gaze responses during an Emotion-Evoking Task in infants at an increased likelihood for autism spectrum disorder
ConclusionThese results suggest that behavioral responses can provide important information that complements parent reports of emotional regulation in IL infants as early as 12 months of age. (Source: Molecular Autism)
Source: Molecular Autism - October 6, 2021 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research
Prediction learning in adults with autism and its molecular correlates
ConclusionsAutistic adults appeared to have intact abilities to make predictions in this task, in contrast with the Bayesian hypotheses of ASD. Yet, higher ratios of Glx/GABA + in a frontal region were associated with decreased predictive abilities, and ASD individuals tended to have more Glx in this region. This neurobiological difference might contribute to suboptimal predictive mechanisms in ASD in certain contexts. (Source: Molecular Autism)
Source: Molecular Autism - October 6, 2021 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research
A randomized controlled trial of intranasal oxytocin in Phelan-McDermid syndrome
ConclusionOur results suggest that intranasal oxytocin is not efficacious in improving the core symptoms of ASD in children with PMS.Trial registration NCT02710084. (Source: Molecular Autism)
Source: Molecular Autism - September 30, 2021 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research
Individuals with FOXP1 syndrome present with a complex neurobehavioral profile with high rates of ADHD, anxiety, repetitive behaviors, and sensory symptoms
ConclusionsThese findings have important implications for the treatment and care of individuals with FOXP1 syndrome. Notably, standardized testing for ASD showed high sensitivity, but low specificity, when compared to expert consensus diagnosis. Furthermore, many individuals in our cohort who received diagnoses of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder or anxiety disorder were not being treated for these symptoms; therefore, our findings suggest that there may be immediate areas for improvements in treatment for some individuals. (Source: Molecular Autism)
Source: Molecular Autism - September 29, 2021 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research
Fever during pregnancy as a risk factor for neurodevelopmental disorders: results from a systematic review and meta-analysis
ConclusionAdditional evidence supported the association between fever during pregnancy and increased risk for NDD in offspring. Careful monitoring should be considered for children born from mothers with a febrile episode during pregnancy (specifically during the first trimester). (Source: Molecular Autism)
Source: Molecular Autism - September 18, 2021 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research
Insulin-like growth factor-2 does not improve behavioral deficits in mouse and rat models of Angelman Syndrome
ConclusionsDespite a few observed effects of IGF-2, our results taken together indicate that IGF-2 treatment does not profoundly improve behavioral deficits in mouse or rat models of AS. These findings shed cautionary light on the potential utility of acute systemic IGF-2 administration in the treatment of AS. (Source: Molecular Autism)
Source: Molecular Autism - September 15, 2021 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research
Correction to: Biological motion perception in autism spectrum disorder: a meta-analysis
(Source: Molecular Autism)
Source: Molecular Autism - August 20, 2021 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research
Non-verbal IQ and change in restricted and repetitive behavior throughout childhood in autism: a longitudinal study using the Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised
ConclusionsThese results confirm that specific RRB are differentially linked to age and NVIQ. Studying RRB individually is a promising approach to better understanding how RRB change over the development of autistic children and are linked to other developmental domains. (Source: Molecular Autism)
Source: Molecular Autism - August 14, 2021 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research
