A further specification of the effects of font emphasis on reading comprehension: Evidence from event-related potentials and neural oscillations
This study further delineates the attention hypothesis by investigating the ways in which font emphasis captures attention and its effects on the integration of emphasized information into the previous context. We computed event-related potentials and frequency band-specific electroencephalographic power changes occurring while participants read sentences containing critical words that were either emphasized (i.e., displayed in a color different from the other words in the sentence) or not (i.e., shown in the same color as the rest of the sentence) and semantically congruent with prior words or not. The results showed that...
Source: Memory and Cognition - September 15, 2023 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Yingying Wu Cuixin Luo Zhenxing Wang Hanying Xie Yajing Huang Yankui Su Source Type: research
Proficiency versus lexical processing efficiency as a measure of L2 lexical quality: Individual differences in word-frequency effects in L2 visual word recognition
This study investigated Korean-English second language (L2) speakers' recognition of high- and low-frequency English words and compared two individual difference measures in their role of representing lexical quality in L2: cloze test scores and inverse efficiency scores (IES; response latency corrected for the amount of errors committed), obtained from lexical decision on a separate set of words. Cloze test scores aimed to assess general L2 proficiency, whereas IES was purported to measure lexical processing efficiency. 109 adult Korean-English L2 speakers participated in the study. Results showed significant main effects...
Source: Memory and Cognition - September 14, 2023 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Hyunah Baek Yunjeong Lee Wonil Choi Source Type: research
Inhibition during task switching is affected by the number of competing tasks
Mem Cognit. 2023 Sep 12. doi: 10.3758/s13421-023-01456-w. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTInhibition during task switching is assumed to be indexed by n - 2 repetition costs-that is, performance costs when the task in the current trial equals the task in trial n - 2 (sequences of type ABA) compared with two consecutive switches to another task each (sequences CBA). The present study examined effects of a short-term reduction of the number of candidate tasks on these costs. For this purpose, a variant of the task switching paradigm was used in which in half of the trials, a precue that preceded the task cue allowed for a shor...
Source: Memory and Cognition - September 12, 2023 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Juliane Scheil Thomas Kleinsorge Source Type: research
Syntax matters in shaping sensorimotor activation driven by nouns
Mem Cognit. 2023 Sep 6. doi: 10.3758/s13421-023-01460-0. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTExisting evidence has shown that adjectives modulate the grasp-compatibility effect elicited by object nouns. The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of syntax on the sensorimotor activation elicited by nouns in a grasp-compatibility task. We assessed two languages with different syntactic rules, Italian in Experiment 1 and English in Experiment 2. In both experiments, an adjective-noun pair was shown on the screen. The adjective was always in a pre-nominal position and denoted either a disadvantageous quality of the obj...
Source: Memory and Cognition - September 6, 2023 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Gioacchino Garofalo Elena Gherri Lucia Riggio Source Type: research
Examining the cognitive processes underlying resumption costs in task-interruption contexts: Decay or inhibition of suspended task goals?
Mem Cognit. 2023 Sep 6. doi: 10.3758/s13421-023-01458-8. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTTo examine whether an ongoing primary task is inhibited when switching to an interruption task, we implemented the n - 2 backward inhibition paradigm into a task-interruption setting. In two experiments, subjects performed two primary tasks (block-wise manipulation) consisting of a predefined sequence of three subtasks. The primary tasks differed regarding whether the last subtask switched or repeated relative to the penultimate subtask, resulting in n - 1 switch subtasks (e.g., ABC) and n - 1 repetition subtasks (e.g., ACC) as the last ...
Source: Memory and Cognition - September 6, 2023 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Patricia Hirsch Luca Moretti Sibel Askin Iring Koch Source Type: research
Syntax matters in shaping sensorimotor activation driven by nouns
Mem Cognit. 2023 Sep 6. doi: 10.3758/s13421-023-01460-0. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTExisting evidence has shown that adjectives modulate the grasp-compatibility effect elicited by object nouns. The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of syntax on the sensorimotor activation elicited by nouns in a grasp-compatibility task. We assessed two languages with different syntactic rules, Italian in Experiment 1 and English in Experiment 2. In both experiments, an adjective-noun pair was shown on the screen. The adjective was always in a pre-nominal position and denoted either a disadvantageous quality of the obj...
Source: Memory and Cognition - September 6, 2023 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Gioacchino Garofalo Elena Gherri Lucia Riggio Source Type: research
Examining the cognitive processes underlying resumption costs in task-interruption contexts: Decay or inhibition of suspended task goals?
Mem Cognit. 2023 Sep 6. doi: 10.3758/s13421-023-01458-8. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTTo examine whether an ongoing primary task is inhibited when switching to an interruption task, we implemented the n - 2 backward inhibition paradigm into a task-interruption setting. In two experiments, subjects performed two primary tasks (block-wise manipulation) consisting of a predefined sequence of three subtasks. The primary tasks differed regarding whether the last subtask switched or repeated relative to the penultimate subtask, resulting in n - 1 switch subtasks (e.g., ABC) and n - 1 repetition subtasks (e.g., ACC) as the last ...
Source: Memory and Cognition - September 6, 2023 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Patricia Hirsch Luca Moretti Sibel Askin Iring Koch Source Type: research
Syntax matters in shaping sensorimotor activation driven by nouns
Mem Cognit. 2023 Sep 6. doi: 10.3758/s13421-023-01460-0. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTExisting evidence has shown that adjectives modulate the grasp-compatibility effect elicited by object nouns. The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of syntax on the sensorimotor activation elicited by nouns in a grasp-compatibility task. We assessed two languages with different syntactic rules, Italian in Experiment 1 and English in Experiment 2. In both experiments, an adjective-noun pair was shown on the screen. The adjective was always in a pre-nominal position and denoted either a disadvantageous quality of the obj...
Source: Memory and Cognition - September 6, 2023 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Gioacchino Garofalo Elena Gherri Lucia Riggio Source Type: research
Examining the cognitive processes underlying resumption costs in task-interruption contexts: Decay or inhibition of suspended task goals?
Mem Cognit. 2023 Sep 6. doi: 10.3758/s13421-023-01458-8. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTTo examine whether an ongoing primary task is inhibited when switching to an interruption task, we implemented the n - 2 backward inhibition paradigm into a task-interruption setting. In two experiments, subjects performed two primary tasks (block-wise manipulation) consisting of a predefined sequence of three subtasks. The primary tasks differed regarding whether the last subtask switched or repeated relative to the penultimate subtask, resulting in n - 1 switch subtasks (e.g., ABC) and n - 1 repetition subtasks (e.g., ACC) as the last ...
Source: Memory and Cognition - September 6, 2023 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Patricia Hirsch Luca Moretti Sibel Askin Iring Koch Source Type: research
