One-shot stimulus-control associations generalize over different stimulus viewpoints and exemplars
Mem Cognit. 2024 Apr 26. doi: 10.3758/s13421-024-01573-0. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTCognitive control processes are central to adaptive behavior, but how control is applied in a context-appropriate manner is not fully understood. One way to produce context-sensitive control is by mnemonically linking particular control settings to specific stimuli that demanded those settings in a prior encounter. In support of this episodic reinstatement of control hypothesis, recent studies have produced evidence for the formation of stimulus-control associations in one-shot, prime-probe learning paradigms. However, since those studi...
Source: Memory and Cognition - April 26, 2024 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Peter S Whitehead Tobias Egner Source Type: research
Better than Goodenough? Evaluating new computational techniques for finding diagnostic structure in children's drawings
Mem Cognit. 2024 Apr 26. doi: 10.3758/s13421-024-01557-0. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTIn her 1926 book Measurement of Intelligence by Drawings, Florence Goodenough pioneered the quantitative analysis of children's human-figure drawings as a tool for evaluating their cognitive development. This influential work launched a broad enterprise in cognitive evaluation that continues to the present day, with most clinicians and researchers deploying variants of the checklist-based scoring methods that Goodenough invented. Yet recent work leveraging computational innovations in cognitive science suggests that human-figure drawing...
Source: Memory and Cognition - April 26, 2024 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Clint A Jensen Timothy T Rogers Karl S Rosengren Source Type: research
Susceptibility to poor arguments: The interplay of cognitive sophistication and attitudes
This study examined how attitudes and aspects of cognitive sophistication, i.e., thinking styles and scientific literacy, relate to people's acceptance of poorly justified arguments (e.g., unwarranted appeals to naturalness) on controversial topics (e.g., genetically modified organisms (GMOs)). The participants were more accepting of poorly justified arguments that aligned with their attitudes compared to those that opposed their attitudes, and this was true regardless of one's thinking styles or level of scientific literacy. Still, most of the examined aspects of cognitive sophistication were also positively related to fa...
Source: Memory and Cognition - April 24, 2024 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Pinja M Marin Marjaana Lindeman Annika M Svedholm-H äkkinen Source Type: research
The perceived importance of words in large font guides learning and selective memory
Mem Cognit. 2024 Apr 19. doi: 10.3758/s13421-024-01555-2. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTPeople are often presented with large amounts of information to remember, and in many cases, the font size of information may be indicative of its importance (such as headlines or warnings). In the present study, we examined how learners perceive the importance of information in different font sizes and how beliefs about font size influence selective memory. In Experiment 1, participants were presented with to-be-remembered words that were either unrelated or related to a goal (e.g., items for a camping trip) in either small or large fo...
Source: Memory and Cognition - April 19, 2024 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Dillon H Murphy Matthew G Rhodes Alan D Castel Source Type: research
The days we never forget: Flashbulb memories across the life span in Alzheimer's disease
We examined the frequency, characteristics, and the temporal distribution of flashbulb memories across the life span. To this aim, 28 older adults diagnosed with AD and a matched sample of 29 healthy older controls were probed for flashbulb memories for two historical events from each decade of their lives. They also estimated the subjective degree of reexperiencing for the memories reported. AD participants showed impaired access to flashbulb memories, the frequency of reported memories being lower than for healthy older adults. However, qualitative aspects of AD participants' flashbulb memories were quite similar to thos...
Source: Memory and Cognition - April 16, 2024 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Katrine W Rasmussen Marie Kirk Susanne B Overgaard Dorthe Berntsen Source Type: research
Learned switch readiness via concurrent activation of task sets: Evidence from task specificity and memory load
Mem Cognit. 2024 Apr 16. doi: 10.3758/s13421-024-01560-5. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTCognitive flexibility increases when switch demands increase. In task switching experiments, repeated pairing of flexibility-demanding situations with specific contexts leads subjects to become more prepared to adapt to changing task demands in those contexts. One form of such upregulated cognitive flexibility has been demonstrated with a list-wide switch probability (LWSP) effect, where switch costs are smaller in lists with frequent switches than in lists with rare switches. According to a recent proposal, the LWSP effect is supported...
Source: Memory and Cognition - April 16, 2024 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Corey A Nack Yu-Chin Chiu Source Type: research
The days we never forget: Flashbulb memories across the life span in Alzheimer's disease
We examined the frequency, characteristics, and the temporal distribution of flashbulb memories across the life span. To this aim, 28 older adults diagnosed with AD and a matched sample of 29 healthy older controls were probed for flashbulb memories for two historical events from each decade of their lives. They also estimated the subjective degree of reexperiencing for the memories reported. AD participants showed impaired access to flashbulb memories, the frequency of reported memories being lower than for healthy older adults. However, qualitative aspects of AD participants' flashbulb memories were quite similar to thos...
Source: Memory and Cognition - April 16, 2024 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Katrine W Rasmussen Marie Kirk Susanne B Overgaard Dorthe Berntsen Source Type: research
Learned switch readiness via concurrent activation of task sets: Evidence from task specificity and memory load
Mem Cognit. 2024 Apr 16. doi: 10.3758/s13421-024-01560-5. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTCognitive flexibility increases when switch demands increase. In task switching experiments, repeated pairing of flexibility-demanding situations with specific contexts leads subjects to become more prepared to adapt to changing task demands in those contexts. One form of such upregulated cognitive flexibility has been demonstrated with a list-wide switch probability (LWSP) effect, where switch costs are smaller in lists with frequent switches than in lists with rare switches. According to a recent proposal, the LWSP effect is supported...
Source: Memory and Cognition - April 16, 2024 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Corey A Nack Yu-Chin Chiu Source Type: research
The days we never forget: Flashbulb memories across the life span in Alzheimer's disease
We examined the frequency, characteristics, and the temporal distribution of flashbulb memories across the life span. To this aim, 28 older adults diagnosed with AD and a matched sample of 29 healthy older controls were probed for flashbulb memories for two historical events from each decade of their lives. They also estimated the subjective degree of reexperiencing for the memories reported. AD participants showed impaired access to flashbulb memories, the frequency of reported memories being lower than for healthy older adults. However, qualitative aspects of AD participants' flashbulb memories were quite similar to thos...
Source: Memory and Cognition - April 16, 2024 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Katrine W Rasmussen Marie Kirk Susanne B Overgaard Dorthe Berntsen Source Type: research
Learned switch readiness via concurrent activation of task sets: Evidence from task specificity and memory load
Mem Cognit. 2024 Apr 16. doi: 10.3758/s13421-024-01560-5. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTCognitive flexibility increases when switch demands increase. In task switching experiments, repeated pairing of flexibility-demanding situations with specific contexts leads subjects to become more prepared to adapt to changing task demands in those contexts. One form of such upregulated cognitive flexibility has been demonstrated with a list-wide switch probability (LWSP) effect, where switch costs are smaller in lists with frequent switches than in lists with rare switches. According to a recent proposal, the LWSP effect is supported...
Source: Memory and Cognition - April 16, 2024 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Corey A Nack Yu-Chin Chiu Source Type: research
Production benefits on encoding are modulated by language experience: Less experience may help
Mem Cognit. 2024 Apr 15. doi: 10.3758/s13421-023-01510-7. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTSeveral lines of research have shown that performing movements while learning new information aids later retention of that information, compared to learning by perception alone. For instance, articulated words are more accurately remembered than words that are silently read (the production effect). A candidate mechanism for this movement-enhanced encoding, sensorimotor prediction, assumes that acquired sensorimotor associations enable movements to prime associated percepts and hence improve encoding. Yet it is still unknown how the exte...
Source: Memory and Cognition - April 15, 2024 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Rachel M Brown Tanja C Roembke Source Type: research
