Medical and Biological Engineering and Computing This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.

Effects of high-frequency transcranial magnetic stimulation on theta-gamma oscillations and coupling in the prefrontal cortex of rats during working memory task
AbstractHigh-frequency rTMS has been widely used to improve working memory (WM) impairment; however, the underlying neurophysiological mechanisms are unclear. We evaluated the effect of high-frequency rTMS on behaviors relevant to WM as well as coupling between theta and gamma oscillations in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) of rats. Accordingly, Wistar rats received high-frequency rTMS daily for 14  days (5 Hz, 10 Hz, and 15 Hz stimulation; 600 pulses;n = 6 per group), whereas the control group received sham stimulation. Electrophysiological signals were recorded simultaneously to obtain the local field potential (LFP)...
Source: Medical and Biological Engineering and Computing - October 13, 2023 Category: Biomedical Engineering Source Type: research

Dynamical graph neural network with attention mechanism for epilepsy detection using single channel EEG
AbstractEpilepsy is a chronic brain disease, and identifying seizures based on electroencephalogram (EEG) signals would be conducive to implement interventions to help patients reduce impairment and improve quality of life. In this paper, we propose a classification algorithm to apply dynamical graph neural network with attention mechanism to single channel EEG signals. Empirical mode decomposition (EMD) are adopted to construct graphs and the optimal adjacency matrix is obtained by model optimization. A multilayer dynamic graph neural network with attention mechanism is proposed to learn more discriminative graph features...
Source: Medical and Biological Engineering and Computing - October 7, 2023 Category: Biomedical Engineering Source Type: research

Instance-based learning with prototype reduction for real-time proportional myocontrol: a randomized user study demonstrating accuracy-preserving data reduction for prosthetic embedded systems
AbstractThis work presents the design, implementation and validation of learning techniques based on the kNN scheme for gesture detection in prosthetic control. To cope with high computational demands in instance-based prediction, methods of dataset reduction are evaluated considering real-time determinism to allow for the reliable integration into battery-powered portable devices. The influence of parameterization and varying proportionality schemes is analyzed, utilizing an eight-channel-sEMG armband. Besides offline cross-validation accuracy, success rates in real-time pilot experiments (online target achievement tests)...
Source: Medical and Biological Engineering and Computing - October 5, 2023 Category: Biomedical Engineering Source Type: research

Security vulnerabilities in healthcare: an analysis of medical devices and software
This study aims to bridge the research gap and provide valuable insights for addressing healthcare vulnerabilities and their mitigation mechanisms. Software vulnerabilities related to health systems from 2001 to 2022 were collected from the National Vulnerability Database (NVD) systematized by software developed by the researchers and assessed by a medical specialist for their impact on patient well-being. The analysis revealed electronic health records, wireless infusion pumps, endoscope cameras, and radiology information systems as the most vulnerable. In addition, critical vulnerabilities were identified, including poor...
Source: Medical and Biological Engineering and Computing - October 4, 2023 Category: Biomedical Engineering Source Type: research

Review of microwave imaging algorithms for stroke detection
AbstractMicrowave imaging is one of the rapidly developing frontier disciplines in the field of modern medical imaging. The development of microwave imaging algorithms for reconstructing stroke images is discussed in this paper. Compared with traditional stroke detection and diagnosis techniques, microwave imaging has the advantages of low price and no ionizing radiation hazards. The research hotspots of microwave imaging algorithms in the field of stroke are mainly reflected in the design and improvement of microwave tomography, radar imaging, and deep learning imaging. However, the current research lacks the analysis and...
Source: Medical and Biological Engineering and Computing - September 28, 2023 Category: Biomedical Engineering Source Type: research

A weakly supervised method for named entity recognition of Chinese electronic medical records
AbstractThe field of Chinese medical natural language processing faces a significant challenge in training accurate entity recognition models due to the limited availability of high-quality labeled data. In response, we propose a joint training model, MCBERT-GCN-CRF, which achieves high performance in identifying medical-related entities in Chinese electronic medical records. Additionally, we introduce CM-NER, a 5-step framework that effectively mitigates the effects of noise in weakly labeled data and establishes a principled connection between supervised and weakly supervised named entity recognition. We demonstrate sign...
Source: Medical and Biological Engineering and Computing - September 28, 2023 Category: Biomedical Engineering Source Type: research

Unsupervised deep consistency learning adaptation network for cardiac cross-modality structural segmentation
AbstractDeep neural networks have recently been succeessful in the field of medical image segmentation; however, they are typically subject to performance degradation problems when well-trained models are tested in another new domain with different data distributions. Given that annotated cross-domain images may inaccessible, unsupervised domain adaptation methods that transfer learnable information from annotated source domains to unannotated target domains with different distributions have attracted substantial attention. Many methods leverage image-level or pixel-level translation networks to align domain-invariant info...
Source: Medical and Biological Engineering and Computing - September 28, 2023 Category: Biomedical Engineering Source Type: research

Biomechanical influence of plate configurations on mandible subcondylar fracture fixation: a finite element study
AbstractMandible subcondylar fractures have very high complication rate, yet there is no consensus on suitable plate design for optimal patient outcomes. Our study is aimed at comparing single mini, trapezoid, lambda, strut and double mini plates. A finite-element (FE) model of intact mandible was developed based on healthy CT-scan data, which was further virtually osteotomized and fixated with plates. The cortical and cancellous bones were assigned region-specific orthotropic and heterogenous isotropic material properties respectively. The models were subjected to six load cases representing the mastication cycle. Under o...
Source: Medical and Biological Engineering and Computing - September 28, 2023 Category: Biomedical Engineering Source Type: research

Contactless monitoring of human behaviors in bed using RSSI signals
AbstractIn this paper, contactless monitoring and classification of human activities and sleeping postures in bed using radio signals is presented. The major contribution of this work is the development of a contactless monitoring and classification system with a proposed framework that uses received signal strength indicator (RSSI) signals collected from only one wireless link, where different human activities and sleep postures, including (a) no one in the bed, (b) a man sitting on the bed, (c) sleeping on his back, (d) seizure  sleeping, and (e) sleeping on his side, are tested. With our proposed system, there is no ne...
Source: Medical and Biological Engineering and Computing - September 28, 2023 Category: Biomedical Engineering Source Type: research

Evaluation of heat transfer in porous scaffolds under cryogenic treatment: a numerical study
AbstractThe present work had evaluated the effect of cryogenic treatment (233  K) on the degradation of polymeric biomaterial using a numerical model. The study on effect of cryogenic temperature on mechanical properties of cell-seeded biomaterials is very limited. However, no study had reported material degradation evaluation. Different structures of silk-fibroin-poly-elect rolyte complex (SFPEC) scaffolds had been designed by varying hole distance and hole diameter, with reference to existing literature. The size of scaffolds were maintained at 5\(\times\) 5 mm2. Current study evaluates the effect of cryogenic temperatu...
Source: Medical and Biological Engineering and Computing - September 28, 2023 Category: Biomedical Engineering Source Type: research

Non-contact high precision pulse-rate monitoring system for moving subjects in different motion states
AbstractRemote photoplethysmography (rPPG) enables contact-free monitoring of the pulse rate by using a color camera. The fundamental limitation is that motion artifacts and changes in ambient light conditions greatly affect the accuracy of pulse-rate monitoring. We propose use of a high-speed camera and a motion suppression algorithm with high computational efficiency. This system incorporates a number of major improvements including reproduction of pulse wave details, high-precision pulse-rate monitoring of moving subjects, and excellent scene scalability. A series of quantization methods were used to evaluate the effect...
Source: Medical and Biological Engineering and Computing - September 28, 2023 Category: Biomedical Engineering Source Type: research

Super-resolution of 2D ultrasound images and videos
AbstractThis paper proposes a novel deep-learning framework for super-resolution ultrasound images and videos in terms of spatial resolution and line reconstruction. To this end, we up-sample the acquired low-resolution image through a vision-based interpolation method; then, we train a learning-based model to improve the quality of the up-sampling. We qualitatively and quantitatively test our model on different anatomical districts (e.g., cardiac, obstetric) images and with different up-sampling resolutions (i.e., 2X, 4X). Our method improves the PSNR median value with respect to SOTA methods of  \(1.7\%\) on obstetric 2...
Source: Medical and Biological Engineering and Computing - September 28, 2023 Category: Biomedical Engineering Source Type: research

A biomarker discovery of acute myocardial infarction using feature selection and machine learning
In this study, an integrated feature selection and machine learning approach was used to identify potential biomarkers for early detection and treatment of AMI. First, feature selection was conducted and evaluated before all classification tasks with machine learning. Full classification models (using all 62 features) and reduced classification models (using various feature selection methods ranging from 5 to 30 features) were built and evaluated using six machine learning classification algorithms. The results showed that the reduced models performed generally better (mean AUPRC via random forest (RF) algorithm for recurs...
Source: Medical and Biological Engineering and Computing - September 28, 2023 Category: Biomedical Engineering Source Type: research

Domain adaptive Sim-to-Real segmentation of oropharyngeal organs
AbstractVideo-assisted transoral tracheal intubation (TI) necessitates using an endoscope that helps the physician insert a tracheal tube into the glottis instead of the esophagus. The growing trend of robotic-assisted TI would require a medical robot to distinguish anatomical features like an experienced physician which can be imitated by utilizing supervised deep-learning techniques. However, the real datasets of oropharyngeal organs are often inaccessible due to limited open-source data and patient privacy. In this work, we propose a domain adaptive Sim-to-Real framework calledIoU-RankingBlend-ArtFlow (IRB-AF) for image...
Source: Medical and Biological Engineering and Computing - September 28, 2023 Category: Biomedical Engineering Source Type: research

FiMec tremor stabilization spoon: design and active stabilization control of two DoF robotic eating devices for hand tremor patients
This article is about vibration-damping robotic eating devices designed for use by people who have difficulty in eating due to hand tremors due to neuromuscular system disorder. The robotic eating device has two degrees of freedom (DoF). It contains an active controller structure to absorb vibrations in they- andz-directions. In the handle part of the robotic eating device, there are two DC motors placed on they- andz-axis, a three-axis IMU inertia sensor, an embedded system board, and a power unit. To absorb the vibration measured from the IMU sensor, the position control of the two motors to which the spoon is connected ...
Source: Medical and Biological Engineering and Computing - September 28, 2023 Category: Biomedical Engineering Source Type: research