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In what ways do accessible attitudes ease decision making? Examining the reproducibility of accessibility effects across cultural contexts
We report 25 studies (N = 6,162), conducted in a diverse and culturally inclusive set of samples and contexts, that shed light on the reproducibility of these seminal findings. We examined the effects of attitude accessibility on decision latency, on the self-reported readiness to make a decision, and on attitude-choice correspondence. Results showed that the effect of attitude accessibility on decision latency is highly reproducible across multiple methods and cultural contexts, and that the effect on attitude-choice correspondence also appears robust in choice contexts that parallel the original experiments but not in ch...
Source: Journal of Personality and Social Psychology - November 30, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Aaron J Barnes Sharon Shavitt Source Type: research

A cognitive-ecological approach to temporal self-appraisals
J Pers Soc Psychol. 2023 Nov 30. doi: 10.1037/pspa0000369. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTWe investigate self-appraisals over time using a cognitive-ecological approach. We assume that ecologically, negative person attributes are more diverse than positive ones, while positive person attributes are more frequent than negative ones. We combine these ecological properties with the cognitive process of similarity- and differences-based social comparisons to predict temporal self-appraisals. The resulting cognitive-ecological model predicts that people should evaluate similarities with themselves over time positively, whereas d...
Source: Journal of Personality and Social Psychology - November 30, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Matthew Baldwin Hans Alves Christian Unkelbach Source Type: research

Let it go: How exaggerating the reputational costs of revealing negative information encourages secrecy in relationships
J Pers Soc Psychol. 2023 Nov 30. doi: 10.1037/pspi0000441. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTKeeping negative interpersonal secrets can diminish well-being, yet people nevertheless keep negative information secret from friends, family, and loved ones to protect their own reputations. Twelve experiments suggest these reputational concerns are systematically miscalibrated, creating a misplaced barrier to honesty in relationships. In hypothetical scenarios (Experiments 1, S1, and S2), laboratory experiments (Experiments 2 and 6), and field settings (Experiments 3 and 4), those who imagined revealing, or who actually revealed, neg...
Source: Journal of Personality and Social Psychology - November 30, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Michael Kardas Amit Kumar Nicholas Epley Source Type: research

In what ways do accessible attitudes ease decision making? Examining the reproducibility of accessibility effects across cultural contexts
We report 25 studies (N = 6,162), conducted in a diverse and culturally inclusive set of samples and contexts, that shed light on the reproducibility of these seminal findings. We examined the effects of attitude accessibility on decision latency, on the self-reported readiness to make a decision, and on attitude-choice correspondence. Results showed that the effect of attitude accessibility on decision latency is highly reproducible across multiple methods and cultural contexts, and that the effect on attitude-choice correspondence also appears robust in choice contexts that parallel the original experiments but not in ch...
Source: Journal of Personality and Social Psychology - November 30, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Aaron J Barnes Sharon Shavitt Source Type: research

A cognitive-ecological approach to temporal self-appraisals
J Pers Soc Psychol. 2023 Nov 30. doi: 10.1037/pspa0000369. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTWe investigate self-appraisals over time using a cognitive-ecological approach. We assume that ecologically, negative person attributes are more diverse than positive ones, while positive person attributes are more frequent than negative ones. We combine these ecological properties with the cognitive process of similarity- and differences-based social comparisons to predict temporal self-appraisals. The resulting cognitive-ecological model predicts that people should evaluate similarities with themselves over time positively, whereas d...
Source: Journal of Personality and Social Psychology - November 30, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Matthew Baldwin Hans Alves Christian Unkelbach Source Type: research

Let it go: How exaggerating the reputational costs of revealing negative information encourages secrecy in relationships
J Pers Soc Psychol. 2023 Nov 30. doi: 10.1037/pspi0000441. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTKeeping negative interpersonal secrets can diminish well-being, yet people nevertheless keep negative information secret from friends, family, and loved ones to protect their own reputations. Twelve experiments suggest these reputational concerns are systematically miscalibrated, creating a misplaced barrier to honesty in relationships. In hypothetical scenarios (Experiments 1, S1, and S2), laboratory experiments (Experiments 2 and 6), and field settings (Experiments 3 and 4), those who imagined revealing, or who actually revealed, neg...
Source: Journal of Personality and Social Psychology - November 30, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Michael Kardas Amit Kumar Nicholas Epley Source Type: research

In what ways do accessible attitudes ease decision making? Examining the reproducibility of accessibility effects across cultural contexts
We report 25 studies (N = 6,162), conducted in a diverse and culturally inclusive set of samples and contexts, that shed light on the reproducibility of these seminal findings. We examined the effects of attitude accessibility on decision latency, on the self-reported readiness to make a decision, and on attitude-choice correspondence. Results showed that the effect of attitude accessibility on decision latency is highly reproducible across multiple methods and cultural contexts, and that the effect on attitude-choice correspondence also appears robust in choice contexts that parallel the original experiments but not in ch...
Source: Journal of Personality and Social Psychology - November 30, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Aaron J Barnes Sharon Shavitt Source Type: research

A cognitive-ecological approach to temporal self-appraisals
J Pers Soc Psychol. 2023 Nov 30. doi: 10.1037/pspa0000369. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTWe investigate self-appraisals over time using a cognitive-ecological approach. We assume that ecologically, negative person attributes are more diverse than positive ones, while positive person attributes are more frequent than negative ones. We combine these ecological properties with the cognitive process of similarity- and differences-based social comparisons to predict temporal self-appraisals. The resulting cognitive-ecological model predicts that people should evaluate similarities with themselves over time positively, whereas d...
Source: Journal of Personality and Social Psychology - November 30, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Matthew Baldwin Hans Alves Christian Unkelbach Source Type: research

Let it go: How exaggerating the reputational costs of revealing negative information encourages secrecy in relationships
J Pers Soc Psychol. 2023 Nov 30. doi: 10.1037/pspi0000441. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTKeeping negative interpersonal secrets can diminish well-being, yet people nevertheless keep negative information secret from friends, family, and loved ones to protect their own reputations. Twelve experiments suggest these reputational concerns are systematically miscalibrated, creating a misplaced barrier to honesty in relationships. In hypothetical scenarios (Experiments 1, S1, and S2), laboratory experiments (Experiments 2 and 6), and field settings (Experiments 3 and 4), those who imagined revealing, or who actually revealed, neg...
Source: Journal of Personality and Social Psychology - November 30, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Michael Kardas Amit Kumar Nicholas Epley Source Type: research

In what ways do accessible attitudes ease decision making? Examining the reproducibility of accessibility effects across cultural contexts
We report 25 studies (N = 6,162), conducted in a diverse and culturally inclusive set of samples and contexts, that shed light on the reproducibility of these seminal findings. We examined the effects of attitude accessibility on decision latency, on the self-reported readiness to make a decision, and on attitude-choice correspondence. Results showed that the effect of attitude accessibility on decision latency is highly reproducible across multiple methods and cultural contexts, and that the effect on attitude-choice correspondence also appears robust in choice contexts that parallel the original experiments but not in ch...
Source: Journal of Personality and Social Psychology - November 30, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Aaron J Barnes Sharon Shavitt Source Type: research

A cognitive-ecological approach to temporal self-appraisals
J Pers Soc Psychol. 2023 Nov 30. doi: 10.1037/pspa0000369. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTWe investigate self-appraisals over time using a cognitive-ecological approach. We assume that ecologically, negative person attributes are more diverse than positive ones, while positive person attributes are more frequent than negative ones. We combine these ecological properties with the cognitive process of similarity- and differences-based social comparisons to predict temporal self-appraisals. The resulting cognitive-ecological model predicts that people should evaluate similarities with themselves over time positively, whereas d...
Source: Journal of Personality and Social Psychology - November 30, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Matthew Baldwin Hans Alves Christian Unkelbach Source Type: research

Let it go: How exaggerating the reputational costs of revealing negative information encourages secrecy in relationships
J Pers Soc Psychol. 2023 Nov 30. doi: 10.1037/pspi0000441. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTKeeping negative interpersonal secrets can diminish well-being, yet people nevertheless keep negative information secret from friends, family, and loved ones to protect their own reputations. Twelve experiments suggest these reputational concerns are systematically miscalibrated, creating a misplaced barrier to honesty in relationships. In hypothetical scenarios (Experiments 1, S1, and S2), laboratory experiments (Experiments 2 and 6), and field settings (Experiments 3 and 4), those who imagined revealing, or who actually revealed, neg...
Source: Journal of Personality and Social Psychology - November 30, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Michael Kardas Amit Kumar Nicholas Epley Source Type: research

In what ways do accessible attitudes ease decision making? Examining the reproducibility of accessibility effects across cultural contexts
We report 25 studies (N = 6,162), conducted in a diverse and culturally inclusive set of samples and contexts, that shed light on the reproducibility of these seminal findings. We examined the effects of attitude accessibility on decision latency, on the self-reported readiness to make a decision, and on attitude-choice correspondence. Results showed that the effect of attitude accessibility on decision latency is highly reproducible across multiple methods and cultural contexts, and that the effect on attitude-choice correspondence also appears robust in choice contexts that parallel the original experiments but not in ch...
Source: Journal of Personality and Social Psychology - November 30, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Aaron J Barnes Sharon Shavitt Source Type: research

(when) do counterattitudinal exemplars shift implicit racial evaluations? Replications and extensions of Dasgupta and Greenwald (2001)
J Pers Soc Psychol. 2023 Nov 27. doi: 10.1037/pspa0000370. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTDasgupta and Greenwald (2001) demonstrated that exposure to positive Black exemplars (e.g., Colin Powell) and negative White exemplars (e.g., Jeffrey Dahmer) can reduce implicit pro-White/anti-Black evaluations, as measured by an Implicit Association Test. Here, we report seven preregistered online experiments conducted with volunteer U.S. participants (N = 6,953) that sought to replicate and probe the boundary conditions of this finding. Contrary to expectations, we found no shift in implicit racial evaluations in two close replicatio...
Source: Journal of Personality and Social Psychology - November 27, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Benedek Kurdi Alex Sanchez Nilanjana Dasgupta Mahzarin R Banaji Source Type: research

Reminders undermine impressions of genuine gratitude
J Pers Soc Psychol. 2023 Nov 27. doi: 10.1037/pspi0000442. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTWhile reminders can help by encouraging prosocial behaviors, we propose that they can also hurt. Across 10 studies, most of which focus on reminders to express gratitude, we find that reminders interfere with impressions of genuine prosociality. Whether people are reminded subtly (Studies 1a and 6-8) or blatantly (Studies 2-5) to express gratitude, the reminder is perceived to put social pressure on the potential thanker, making reminded thankers seem less genuine and less likable than spontaneous thankers. This is true from the perspe...
Source: Journal of Personality and Social Psychology - November 27, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Jiabi Wang Shereen J Chaudhry Alex Koch Source Type: research